Zebrasoma rostratum

Zebrasoma rostratum, the longnose surgeonfish, longnose tang or black tang, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, which includes the surgeonfishes, unicornfishes and tangs. This fish is found in the western central Pacific Ocean.

Zebrasoma rostratum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Acanthuriformes
Family: Acanthuridae
Genus: Zebrasoma
Species:
Z. rostratum
Binomial name
Zebrasoma rostratum
(Günther, 1875)
Synonyms[2]
  • Acanthurus rostratus Günther, 1875

Taxonomy

Zebrasoma rostratum was first formally described as Acanthurus rostratus in 1875 by the German-born British ichthyologist Albert Günther with its type locality given as the Society Islands in French Polynesia.[3] The longnose tang is part of a species pair within the genus Zebrasoma, along with the purple tang (Z. xanthurum).[4] The genera Zebrasoma and Paracanthurus make up the tribe Zebrasomini within the subfamily Acanthurinae in the family Acanthuridae, according to the 5th edition of Fishes of the World.[5]

Etymology

Zebrasoma rostratum has the specific name rostratum, meaning “beaked”, a reference to the longer snout of this species relative to the yellow tang (Z. flavescens).[6]

Description

Zebrasoma rostratum has its dorsal fin supported by 4 or 5 spines and between 23 and 28 soft rays while its anal fin is supported by 3 spines and 19 to 24 soft rays.[2]%[7] The body is laterally compressed,[8] its depth fitting into its standard length around twice, and a protruding, relatively long snout.[2] The overall colour is black with a white patch around the spine on the caudal peduncle.[8] There is a patch of bristles to the front of the spine in males.[7] The juveniles are not uniformly black, they are grey towards the head and black on the rear.[9] The longnose tang has a maximum published total length of 21 cm (8.3 in).[2]

juvenile

Distribution and habitat

Zebrasoma rostratum is found in the central Pacific Ocean. It ranges from Tuvalu east to Pitcairn including all of French Polynesia, north to the Line Islands and south to Rapa Iti. A vagrant has been recorded off Oahu in Hawaii.[1] This is a benthopelagic species found at depths between 8 and 35 m (26 and 115 ft) on lagoon and seaward reefs.[2]

Conservation

Zebrasoma rostratum is an uncommon species throughout its range but is a sought after aquarium fish. The lack of information on the impact on the population of collecting for the aquarium trade and On this fish’s biology has led the IUCN to assess its status and data deficient.[1]

References
  1. Myers, R.; Choat, J.H.; Abesamis, R.; et al. (2012). "Zebrasoma rostratum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012: e.T178001A1517043. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T178001A1517043.en. Retrieved 12 October 2023.
  2. Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Zebrasoma rostratum" in FishBase. June 2023 version.
  3. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Zebrasoma". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  4. Radu C. Guiasu and Richard Winterbottom (1993). "Osteological Evidence for the Phylogeny of Recent Genera of Surgeonfishes (Percomorpha, Acanthuridae)". Copeia. 1993 (2): 300–312. doi:10.2307/1447130.
  5. J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 497–502. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  6. Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (12 January 2021). "Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 2): Families EPHIPPIDAE, LEIOGNATHIDAE, SCATOPHAGIDAE, ANTIGONIIDAE, SIGANIDAE, CAPROIDAE, LUVARIDAE, ZANCLIDAE and ACANTHURIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  7. John E. Randall (1955). "A Revision of the Surgeon Fish Genera Zebrasoma and Paracanthurus". Pacific Science. 9 (4): 396–412.
  8. "Zebrasoma rostratum (Gunther, 1875) Black Longnose Tang, Black Tang". Saltcorner. Bob Goemans. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  9. "Black Longnose Sailfin Tang". Animal World. 17 September 2023. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
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