Alexandrium tamarense
Alexandrium tamarense is a species of dinoflagellates known to produce saxitoxin, a neurotoxin which causes the human illness clinically known as paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). Multiple species of phytoplankton are known to produce saxitoxin, including at least 10 other species from the genus Alexandrium.
| Alexandrium tamarense | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Chromista |
| Superphylum: | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Myzozoa |
| Superclass: | Dinoflagellata |
| Class: | Dinophyceae |
| Order: | Gonyaulacales |
| Family: | Ostreopsidaceae |
| Genus: | Alexandrium |
| Species: | A. tamarense |
| Binomial name | |
| Alexandrium tamarense (Lebour) Balech | |
Recent molecular work shows that this species belongs to the Alexandrium tamarense complex (Atama complex, including A. tamarense, Alexandrium fundyense, Alexandrium catenella) and that none of the three original morphospecies designations forms monophyletic groups in the present SSU-based and previous LSU-based[1] phylogenetic trees, i.e. these species designations are invalid.[2] There is docosahexaenoic acid along with saxitoxin.
References
- Lilly, E. L.; Halanych, K. M.; Anderson, D. M. (2007). "Species boundaries and global biogeography of theAlexandrium tamarensecomplex (Dinophyceae)1". Journal of Phycology. 43 (6): 1329–1338. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2007.00420.x.
- Miranda, L. N.; Zhuang, Y.; Zhang, H.; Lin, S. (2012). "Phylogenetic analysis guided by intragenomic SSU rDNA polymorphism refines classification of "Alexandrium tamarense" species complex". Harmful Algae. 16: 35–48. doi:10.1016/j.hal.2012.01.002.
Further reading
- Liang, Zhongxiu; Li, Jian; Li, Jitao; Tan, Zhijun; Ren, Hai; Zhao, Fazhen (July 8, 2014). "Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense Induces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Hepatopancreas of Shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis)". Ocean University of China. 13 (6): 1005–1011. Bibcode:2014JOUC...13.1005L. doi:10.1007/s11802-014-2397-8.
- Lu, Yameng; Wohlrab, Sylke; Gloeckner, Gernot; Guillou, Laure; Uwe, John (November 2014). "Genomic Insights into Processes Driving the Infection of Alexandrium tamarense by the Parasitoid Amoebophrya sp". Eukaryotic Cell. 13 (11): 1439–1449. doi:10.1128/EC.00139-14. PMC 4248694. PMID 25239978.
- Zou, Cheng; Ye, Rui-Min; Zheng, Jian-Wei; Luo, Zhao-He; Gu, Hai-Feng; Yang, Wei-Dong; Li, Hong-Ye; Liu, Jie-Sheng (15 December 2014). "Molecular phylogeny and PSP toxin profile of the Alexandrium tamarense species complex along the coast of China". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 89 (1–2): 209–219. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.09.056. PMID 25444620.
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