Cord colitis syndrome

Cord colitis syndrome is a diarrheal illness in recipients of umbilical cord blood transplant. It causes a granulomatous inflammation of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract and responds to antimicrobial treatment including metronidazole.[1] It was first described in 2011.[2] In 2013, a sequencing study identified a newly discovered bacterium, called Bradyrhizobium enterica, in biopsy samples from two patients. That this bacterium is responsible for this syndrome can be suggested, but not yet confirmed.[2] Subsequent studies showing that Bradyrhizobium species are common contaminants of laboratory kit reagents have thrown this connection into doubt.[3]

Diagnosis

The presence of enterica in the colon-biopsy samples has been suggested to help in identification of patients with cord colitis.[4] However, this may be an erroneous report confounded by contamination, and others have not detected Bradyrhizobium in cord colitis samples.[5]

References
  1. Gupta, NK; Masia, R (July 2013). "Cord colitis syndrome: a cause of granulomatous inflammation in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract". The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 37 (7): 1109–13. doi:10.1097/pas.0b013e31828a827a. PMC 3687023. PMID 23715165.
  2. Bhatt, AS; Freeman, SS; Herrera, AF; Pedamallu, CS; Gevers, D; Duke, F; Jung, J; Michaud, M; Walker, BJ; Young, S; Earl, AM; Kostic, AD; Ojesina, AI; Hasserjian, R; Ballen, KK; Chen, YB; Hobbs, G; Antin, JH; Soiffer, RJ; Baden, LR; Garrett, WS; Hornick, JL; Marty, FM; Meyerson, M (Aug 8, 2013). "Sequence-based discovery of Bradyrhizobium enterica in cord colitis syndrome". The New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (6): 517–28. doi:10.1056/nejmoa1211115. PMC 3889161. PMID 23924002.
  3. Yong, Ed. "Contaminomics: Why some Microbiome Studies may Be Wrong". Retrieved 31 October 2016.
  4. Bhatt, Ami S; Freeman, Samuel S; Herrera, Alex F; Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar; Gevers, Dirk; Duke, Fujiko; Jung, Joonil; Michaud, Monia; Walker, Bruce J (2013-08-08). "Sequence-Based Discovery of Novel Bacteria, Bradyrhizobium Enterica, in Cord Colitis Syndrome". New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (6): 517–528. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1211115. ISSN 1533-4406. PMC 3889161. PMID 23924002.
  5. Gorkiewicz, G; Trajanoski, S; Högenauer, C (Nov 7, 2013). "Bradyrhizobium enterica in Cord Colitis Syndrome". The New England Journal of Medicine. 369 (19): 1866–7. doi:10.1056/NEJMc1311318. PMID 24195569.


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