Smacoviridae

Smacoviridae is a family of single-stranded DNA viruses.[1] The genomes of this family are small (2.3–2.8 kilobases in length). The name Smacoviridae stands for 'small circular genome virus'.[2] The genomes are circular single-stranded DNA and encode rolling-circle replication initiation proteins (Rep) and unique capsid proteins. As of 2021, 12 genera and 84 species are recognized in this family.[3][4] The viruses in this taxon were isolated from faecal samples from insects and vertebrates by metagenomic methods. Little is known about their biology.

Smacoviridae
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Monodnaviria
Kingdom: Shotokuvirae
Phylum: Cressdnaviricota
Class: Arfiviricetes
Order: Cremevirales
Family: Smacoviridae

Taxonomy

The family Smacoviridae is the sole member of the order Cremevirales and together with other families of CRESS DNA viruses is included within the phylum Cressdnaviricota.[5]

The family currently includes the following genera:[3][4]

  • Babosmacovirus
  • Bonzesmacovirus
  • Bostasmacovirus
  • Bovismacovirus
  • Cosmacovirus
  • Dragsmacovirus
  • Drosmacovirus
  • Felismacovirus
  • Huchismacovirus
  • Inpeasmacovirus
  • Porprismacovirus
  • Simismacovirus

Biology

These viruses have single stranded genomes of 2.3–2.8 kilobases in length. The genome encodes two proteins, a Rep (replicator) and a CP (capsid) protein.

References
  1. Varsani, A; Krupovic, M (2018). "Smacoviridae: a new family of animal-associated single-stranded DNA viruses". Archives of Virology. 163 (7): 2005–2015. doi:10.1007/s00705-018-3820-z. PMID 29572596. S2CID 4227007.
  2. Ng, TF; Zhang, W; Sachsenröder, J; Kondov, NO; da Costa, AC; Vega, E; Holtz, LR; Wu, G; Wang, D; Stine, CO; Antonio, M; Mulvaney, US; Muench, MO; Deng, X; Ambert-Balay, K; Pothier, P; Vinjé, J; Delwart, E (2015). "A diverse group of small circular ssDNA viral genomes in human and non-human primate stools". Virus Evolution. 1 (1): vev017. doi:10.1093/ve/vev017. PMC 5014484. PMID 27774288.
  3. Krupovic, M; Varsani, A (21 September 2021). "A 2021 taxonomy update for the family Smacoviridae". Archives of Virology. 166 (11): 3245–3253. doi:10.1007/s00705-021-05224-6. PMID 34546431.
  4. "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
  5. Krupovic, M; Varsani, A; Kazlauskas, D; Breitbart, M; Delwart, E; Rosario, K; Yutin, N; Wolf, YI; Harrach, B; Zerbini, FM; Dolja, VV; Kuhn, JH; Koonin, EV (1 June 2020). "Cressdnaviricota: a Virus Phylum Unifying Seven Families of Rep-Encoding Viruses with Single-Stranded, Circular DNA Genomes". Journal of Virology. 94 (12): e00582-20. doi:10.1128/JVI.00582-20. PMC 7307096. PMID 32269128.
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