Tenofovir alafenamide
Tenofovir alafenamide, sold under the brand name Vemlidy, is a hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor medication for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults with compensated liver disease.[4] It is taken by mouth.[4]
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Pronunciation | /ˌtəˈnoʊfəvɪər ˌæləˈfɛnəmaɪd/ |
Trade names | Vemlidy Genvoya (with elvitegravir, cobicistat and emtricitabine) Odefsey (with emtricitabine and rilpivirine) Descovy (with emtricitabine) Symtuza (with darunavir, cobicistat, and emtricitabine) |
Other names | GS-7340 |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
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Protein binding | ~80%[4] |
Elimination half-life | 0.51 hour |
Excretion | Feces (31.7%), urine (<1%) |
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Formula | C21H29N6O5P |
Molar mass | 476.474 g·mol−1 |
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Tenofovir alafenamide is a prodrug of tenofovir. It was developed by Gilead Sciences based on the protide technology of Chris McGuigan for use in the treatment of HIV/AIDS and chronic hepatitis B, and is applied in the form of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF). Closely related to the commonly used reverse-transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), TAF has greater antiviral activity and better distribution into lymphoid tissues than that agent.[6][7] Vemlidy was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2016.[8]
Fixed-dose combinations containing tenofovir alafenamide
- Elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (Genvoya)[9] — approved both in the United States and in the European Union in November 2015[10][11][12] (compare elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir; (Stribild)[13][14][15][16])
- Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir alafenamide (Odefsey)[17] — approved in the United States in March 2016, and in the European Union in June 2016[18][19] (compare Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir; (Complera)[20][21][22])
- Emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (Descovy)[23] — approved in the United States in April 2016 (compare emtricitabine/tenofovir; (Truvada)). In October 2019, Descovy was approved in the United States for HIV-1 pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).[24][25]
- Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (Biktarvy)[26] — approved in the United States in February 2018.
- Darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (Symtuza)[27] — approved in the European Union in September 2017, in the United States in July 2018, and in Australia in November 2019.[28][29][30][31]
- Dolutegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide.[32]
- Dolutegravir/lamivudine/tenofovir alafenamide.[33][34]
Research
Gilead announced a Phase III clinical trial evaluating a single-tablet regimen combining tenofovir alafenamide with cobicistat, emtricitabine and elvitegravir[35] and developed a coformulation of the drug with cobicistat, emtricitabine and the protease inhibitor darunavir.[36][37][38] In a 48-week study comparing elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil (Stribild) to elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (Genvoya), the results showed the newer drug's effects to be non-inferior to the established agent, but at much lower dosages and with lower incidence of adverse side effects such as impaired kidney function.[39][40][41] The FDA approved the TAF-based treatment regimen for treatment of HIV-1 in November 2015.[42] Genvoya is the first TAF-based regimen to receive approval.[42]
References
- "Tenofovir alafenamide (Vemlidy) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 26 December 2018. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
- "Product Monograph: Vemlidy (tenofovir alafenamide) tablets" (PDF). Government of Canada: The Drug and Health Product Register. 20 August 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 June 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
- "Vemlidy 25 mg film coated tablets - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 8 September 2020. Archived from the original on 11 July 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
- "Vemlidy- tenofovir alafenamide tablet". DailyMed. 11 February 2020. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
- "Vemlidy EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 13 July 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
- Eisenberg EJ, He GX, Lee WA (2001). "Metabolism of GS-7340, a novel phenyl monophosphoramidate intracellular prodrug of PMPA, in blood". Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids. 20 (4–7): 1091–8. doi:10.1081/NCN-100002496. PMID 11562963. S2CID 24652157.
- M Markowitz, A Zolopa, et al. GS-7340 Demonstrates Greater Declines in HIV-1 RNA than Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate During 14 Days of Monotherapy in HIV-1 Infected Subjects Archived 25 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine. 18th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections 2 Mar 2011. Paper # 152LB
- "FDA Approves Vemlidy (tenofovir alafenamide) for Chronic Hepatitis B in Adults". United States Department of Health and Human Services. 21 November 2016. Archived from the original on 11 October 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- "Genvoya- elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide tablet". DailyMed. 11 February 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
- "Genvoya (elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide) fixed-dose combination tablet". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 8 December 2015. Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Summary Review: Genvoya" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. 6 August 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
- "Genvoya EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Drug Approval Package: Stribild (elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) Fixed Dose". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 10 October 2012. Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Summary Review: Stribild" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. 19 October 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
- "Stribild- elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 28 January 2019. Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Stribild EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Odefsey- emtricitabine, rilpivirine hydrochloride, and tenofovir alafenamide tablet". DailyMed. 6 December 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
- "Odefsey (emtricitabine, rilpivirine, and tenofovir alafenamide) Tablets". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 November 2016. Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Odefsey EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Drug Approval Package: (emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) NDA #202123". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 6 September 2012. Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Summary Review: Complera" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. 19 July 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
- "Complera- emtricitabine, rilpivirine hydrochloride, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 9 December 2019. Archived from the original on 29 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- "Descovy- emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide tablet". DailyMed. 13 January 2020. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
- "FDA approves second drug to prevent HIV infection as part of ongoing efforts to end the HIV epidemic". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 3 October 2019. Archived from the original on 11 October 2019. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- Mandavilli, Apoorva (4 October 2019). "F.D.A. Approves New H.I.V.-Prevention Drug, but Not for Everyone". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- "Biktarvy- bictegravir sodium, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide fumarate tablet". DailyMed. 8 August 2019. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
- "Symtuza- darunavir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 6 March 2020. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
- "Drug Approval Package: Symtuza (darunavir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide)". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 11 December 2018. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
- "Symtuza EPAR". European Medicines Agency. Archived from the original on 10 July 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
- "TGA eBS - Product and Consumer Medicine Information Licence". Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- "Symtuza 800/150/200/10 Tablets". NPS MedicineWise. 15 July 2021. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
- "Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
- "Drugs@FDA: FDA-Approved Drugs". accessdata.fda.gov. Archived from the original on 2 April 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
- "Tentative Approval: Dolutegravir, Lamivudine, and Tenofovir Alafenamide Tablets" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. 30 March 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 May 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2022.
- "Gilead Initiates Phase 3 Clinical Program for Tenofovir Alafenamide, a Novel Low-Dose Prodrug for the Treatment of HIV" (Press release). Gilead. 24 January 2013. Archived from the original on 11 October 2019.
- "Gilead Sciences Finalizes Agreement with Tibotec Pharmaceuticals to Develop and Commercialize a Single-Tablet Regimen of Prezista with Emtriva, GS 7340 and Cobicistat". Gilead Sciences (Press release). 15 November 2011. Archived from the original on 11 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- GS-7340 Packs Greater HIV Punch, Potentially Better Safety, Versus Viread Archived 8 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine Horn, Tim. 15 Mar 2012. AIDSmeds.com
- Pharmacokinetics of a Novel EVG/COBI/FTC/GS-7340 Single Tablet Regimen Archived 28 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine. 13th International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of HIV Therapy. Barcelona, Spain. April 16–18, 2012.
- Once-Daily Tenofovir Prodrug Combo Pill as Effective as Stribild Archived 20 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine. AIDSmeds.com 1 Nov 2012.
- CROI 2013: New Pro-drug Tenofovir Alafenamide Appears Equally Effective but Better Tolerated Archived 25 October 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Highleyman, Liz. HIVandHepatitis.com. 6 March 2013.
- Horn, T. et al. Tenefovir Alafenamide Fumarate (TAF) Sign-On Letter to Gilead Archived 19 November 2019 at the Wayback Machine. 13 June 2013. Treatment Action Group.
- "U.S. Food and Drug Administration Approves Gilead's Single Tablet Regimen Genvoya (Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide) for Treatment of HIV-1 Infection" (Press release). Gilead. 5 November 2015. Archived from the original on 8 November 2015.
External links
- "Tenofovir alafenamide". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- "Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.