Posterior interosseous nerve

Posterior interosseous nerve
Posterior interosseous nerve
	The supinator. (Deep branch of radial nerve labeled at upper right and lower right. Dorsal interosseous is this nerve after passing the supinator, at lower right.)
Details
From	Deep branch of the radial nerve
Innervates	Extensor carpi radialis brevis; Extensor digitorum; Extensor digiti minimi; Extensor carpi ulnaris; Supinator muscle; Abductor pollicis longus; Extensor pollicis brevis; Extensor pollicis longus; Extensor indicis;
Identifiers
Latin	nervus interosseus antebrachii posterior
TA98	A14.2.03.055
TA2	6437
FMA	77559
	Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

The posterior interosseous nerve (or dorsal interosseous nerve) is a nerve in the forearm. It is the continuation of the deep branch of the radial nerve, after this has crossed the supinator muscle. It is considerably diminished in size compared to the deep branch of the radial nerve. The nerve fibers originate from cervical segments C7 and C8 in the spinal column.

Structure

Course

It descends along the interosseous membrane, anterior to the extensor pollicis longus muscle, to the back of the carpus, where it presents a gangliform enlargement from which filaments are distributed to the ligaments and articulations of the carpus.

Supply

The posterior interosseous nerve supplies all the muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm, except anconeus muscle, brachioradialis muscle, and extensor carpi radialis longus muscle. In other words, it supplies the following muscles:

Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle — deep branch of radial nerve
Extensor digitorum muscle
Extensor digiti minimi muscle
Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle
Supinator muscle — deep branch of radial nerve
Abductor pollicis longus muscle
Extensor pollicis brevis muscle
Extensor pollicis longus muscle
Extensor indicis muscle

The posterior interosseous nerve provides proprioception to the joint capsule of the distal radioulnar articulation, but not pain sensation.[1]

Clinical significance

The posterior interosseous nerve may be entrapped at the arcade of Frohse, which is part of the supinator muscle. This nerve can be injured in Monteggia fracture due to dislocation of the proximal head of radius bone.

Posterior interosseous neuropathy is purely a motor syndrome resulting in finger drop due to no extension of IP joints and radial wrist deviation on extension.

References

This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 944 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918) .

Slutsky, David J. (2006). "Chapter 4 - A Practical Approach to Nerve Grafting in the Upper Extremity". Peripheral Nerve Surgery - Practical Applications in the Upper Extremity. Elsevier, Churchill Livingstone. pp. 61–80. doi:10.1016/B978-0-443-06667-2.50009-5. ISBN 978-0-443-06667-2.

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[1] Slutsky, David J. (2006). "Chapter 4 - A Practical Approach to Nerve Grafting in the Upper Extremity". Peripheral Nerve Surgery - Practical Applications in the Upper Extremity. Elsevier, Churchill Livingstone. pp. 61–80. doi:10.1016/B978-0-443-06667-2.50009-5. ISBN 978-0-443-06667-2.