Enostosis

An enostosis is a small area of compact bone within the cancellous bone.[1][2] They are commonly seen as an incidental finding on radiographs or CT scans. They are typically very small and do not cause any symptoms.[3] Their radiodensity is generally similar to cortical bone.[4] No treatment is necessary. Multiple enostoses are present in osteopoikilosis.[5]

Enostosis
Other namesBone island
Osteopoikilosis results in multiple enostoses.
SpecialtyOrthopedic

Spine

Enostosis is usually found in T1 to T7 for the thoracic spine and L2 to L3 in the lumbar spine. It consists of cortical bone merging with medullary bone with irregular margins. The shape of the lesion is round or oval with a thorn-like margin, up to 2 cm in diameter. In both T1 and T2-weighted imaging, it shows low signal intensity. It is usually presented as a single lesion.[6]

References
  1. Ingle, John Ide; Bakland, Leif K. (2002). Endodontics. PMPH-USA. p. 197. ISBN 9781550091885. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  2. Davies, A. Mark; Sundaram, Murali; James, Steven J. (2009). Imaging of Bone Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions: Techniques and Applications. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 253. ISBN 9783540779841. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  3. Mann, Robert W.; Hunt, David R. (2013). PHOTOGRAPHIC REGIONAL ATLAS OF BONE DISEASE: A Guide to Pathologic and Normal Variation in the Human Skeleton (3rd Ed.). Charles C Thomas Publisher. p. 284. ISBN 9780398088279. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  4. Page 1900 in: Albert L. Baert (2008). Encyclopedia of Imaging, Volume 2. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540352785.
  5. Algra, Paul R.; Valk, Jaap; Heimans, Jan J. (2013). Diagnosis and Therapy of Spinal Tumors. Springer. p. 96. ISBN 9783642602542. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  6. Orguc, Sebnem; Arkun, Remide (2014-06-04). "Primary Tumors of the Spine". Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology. 18 (3): 280–299. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1375570. ISSN 1089-7860. PMID 24896744.

Further reading
  • Greenspan, A (Feb 1995). "Bone island (enostosis): current concept--a review". Skeletal Radiology. 24 (2): 111–5. doi:10.1007/bf00198072. PMID 7747175. S2CID 11248413.
  • Media related to Enostosis at Wikimedia Commons


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