Pralmorelin

Pralmorelin (INN) (brand name GHRP Kaken 100; former developmental code names KP-102, GPA-748, WAY-GPA-748), also known as pralmorelin hydrochloride (JAN) and pralmorelin dihydrochloride (USAN), as well as, notably, growth hormone-releasing peptide 2 (GHRP-2), is a growth hormone secretagogue (GHS) used as a diagnostic agent that is marketed by Kaken Pharmaceutical in Japan in a single-dose formulation for the assessment of growth hormone deficiency (GHD).[1][2][3]

Pralmorelin
Clinical data
Other namesD-Alanyl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl-L-alanyl-L-tryptophyl-D-phenylalanyl-L-lysinamide
Routes of
administration		Oral, intravenous
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • (2S)-6-Amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-[[(2R)-2-aminopropanoyl]amino]-3-naphthalen-2-ylpropanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]hexanamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
ChemSpider
UNII
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC45H55N9O6
Molar mass817.992 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • C[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CC1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=C1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC3=CNC4=CC=CC=C43)C(=O)N[C@H](CC5=CC=CC=C5)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N)N
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C45H55N9O6/c1-27(47)41(56)52-38(24-30-19-20-31-14-6-7-15-32(31)22-30)43(58)50-28(2)42(57)53-39(25-33-26-49-35-17-9-8-16-34(33)35)45(60)54-37(23-29-12-4-3-5-13-29)44(59)51-36(40(48)55)18-10-11-21-46/h3-9,12-17,19-20,22,26-28,36-39,49H,10-11,18,21,23-25,46-47H2,1-2H3,(H2,48,55)(H,50,58)(H,51,59)(H,52,56)(H,53,57)(H,54,60)/t27-,28+,36+,37-,38-,39+/m1/s1
  • Key:HRNLPPBUBKMZMT-RDRUQFPZSA-N

Pralmorelin is an orally-active, synthetic peptide drug, specifically, an analogue of met-enkephalin, with the amino acid sequence D-Ala-D-(β-naphthyl)-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2.[2][4] It acts as a ghrelin/growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) agonist, and was the first of this class of drugs to be introduced clinically.[2][3] Acute administration of the drug markedly increases the levels of plasma growth hormone (GH)[4][5] and reliably induces sensations of hunger and increases food intake in humans.[6]

Pralmorelin was also under investigation for the treatment of GHD and short stature (pituitary dwarfism), and made it to phase II clinical trials for these indications, but was ultimately never marketed for them.[4] This may be because the ability of pralmorelin to increase plasma GH levels is significantly lower in people with GHD relative to healthy individuals.[4]

See also

References
  1. Graul, Ann I.; Prous, J.R. (2006). "The Year's New Drugs: A Historical and Research Perspective on the 41 New Products that Reached their First Markets in 2005". Drug News & Perspectives. 19 (1): 33. ISSN 0214-0934.
  2. Moulin, Aline; Brunel, Luc; Verdie, Pascal; Gavara, Laurent; Martinez, Jean; Fehrentz, Jean-Alain (2014). "Ghrelin Receptor Ligands: Design and Synthesis of Pseudopeptides and Peptidomimetics". Current Chemical Biology. 7 (3): 254–270. doi:10.2174/2212796807999131128125920. ISSN 2212-7968.
  3. J. Larry Jameson; Leslie J. De Groot (25 February 2015). Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric: Expert Consult - Online. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 1366–. ISBN 978-0-323-32195-2.
  4. Adis Editorial (2004). "Pralmorelin". Drugs in R&D. 5 (4): 236–239. doi:10.2165/00126839-200405040-00011. PMID 15230633.
  5. Furuta S, Shimada O, Doi N, Ukai K, Nakagawa T, Watanabe J, Imaizumi M (2004). "General pharmacology of KP-102 (GHRP-2), a potent growth hormone-releasing peptide". Arzneimittelforschung. 54 (12): 868–80. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1297042. PMID 15646371.
  6. Müller, T.D.; Nogueiras, R.; Andermann, M.L.; Andrews, Z.B.; Anker, S.D.; Argente, J.; Batterham, R.L.; Benoit, S.C.; Bowers, C.Y.; Broglio, F.; Casanueva, F.F.; D'Alessio, D.; Depoortere, I.; Geliebter, A.; Ghigo, E.; Cole, P.A.; Cowley, M.; Cummings, D.E.; Dagher, A.; Diano, S.; Dickson, S.L.; Diéguez, C.; Granata, R.; Grill, H.J.; Grove, K.; Habegger, K.M.; Heppner, K.; Heiman, M.L.; Holsen, L.; Holst, B.; Inui, A.; Jansson, J.O.; Kirchner, H.; Korbonits, M.; Laferrère, B.; LeRoux, C.W.; Lopez, M.; Morin, S.; Nakazato, M.; Nass, R.; Perez-Tilve, D.; Pfluger, P.T.; Schwartz, T.W.; Seeley, R.J.; Sleeman, M.; Sun, Y.; Sussel, L.; Tong, J.; Thorner, M.O.; van der Lely, A.J.; van der Ploeg, L.H.T.; Zigman, J.M.; Kojima, M.; Kangawa, K.; Smith, R.G.; Horvath, T.; Tschöp, M.H. (2015). "Ghrelin". Molecular Metabolism. 4 (6): 437–460. doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2015.03.005. ISSN 2212-8778. PMC 4443295. PMID 26042199.


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