Micromonospora
Micromonospora is a genus of bacteria of the family Micromonosporaceae. They are gram-positive, spore-forming, generally aerobic, and form a branched mycelium; they occur as saprotrophic forms in soil and water. Various species are sources of aminoglycoside antibiotics with spellings that end with -micin, such as gentamicin,[1] mutamicin,[2] netilmicin, retymicin, sisomicin,[3][4] verdamicin, calicheamicin, and the recently found turbinmicin.[5] Potent new antifungal discovered in the microbiome of marine animals, unlike most other aminoglycoside names that end with -mycin (e.g. neomycin and streptomycin and are produced by Streptomyces spp.).
| Micromonospora | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Micromonospora spp. (red colonies). | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Actinomycetota |
| Class: | Actinomycetia |
| Order: | Micromonosporales |
| Family: | Micromonosporaceae |
| Genus: | Micromonospora Ørskov 1923 (Approved Lists 1980) |
| Type species | |
| Micromonospora chalcea (Foulerton 1905) Ørskov 1923 (Approved Lists 1980) | |
| Species | |
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See text. | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Species
Micromonospora comprises the following species:[6]
- M. acroterricola Carro et al. 2019
- M. andamanensis (Supong et al. 2013) Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. arida Carro et al. 2019
- M. aurantiaca Sveshnikova et al. 1969 (Approved Lists 1980)
- M. auratinigra corrig. Thawai et al. 2004
- M. avicenniae Li et al. 2013
- M. azadirachtae Kuncharoen et al. 2019
- M. caldifontis Thawai et al. 2019
- M. carbonacea Luedemann and Brodsky 1965 (Approved Lists 1980)
- "M. cellulolyticum" Lin et al. 1994
- M. chaiyaphumensis Jongrungruangchok et al. 2008
- M. chalcea (Foulerton 1905) Ørskov 1923 (Approved Lists 1980)
- M. chersina Tomita et al. 1992
- M. chokoriensis Ara and Kudo 2007
- M. citrea Kroppenstedt et al. 2005
- M. coerulea Jensen 1932 (Approved Lists 1980)
- M. coriariae Trujillo et al. 2006
- M. costi Thawai 2015
- M. coxensis Ara and Kudo 2007
- M. craniellae Li et al. 2019
- M. craterilacus Ay et al. 2020
- M. cremea Carro et al. 2012
- M. deserti Saygin et al. 2020
- M. eburnea Thawai et al. 2005
- M. echinaurantiaca Kroppenstedt et al. 2005
- M. echinofusca Kroppenstedt et al. 2005
- M. echinospora Luedemann and Brodsky 1964 (Approved Lists 1980)
- M. endolithica Hirsch et al. 2004
- "M. endophytica" Thanaboripat et al. 2015
- M. endophytica (Xie et al. 2011) Li et al. 2019
- M. equina Everest and Meyers 2013
- M. ferruginea Back et al. 2021
- M. fiedleri (Goodfellow et al. 2013) Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. fluminis Camacho Pozo et al. 2020
- M. fluostatini Phongsopitanun et al. 2015
- M. fulva Lee and Whang 2017
- M. fulviviridis Kroppenstedt et al. 2005
- M. gallica (Erikson 1935) Waksman 1961 (Approved Lists 1980)
- M. gifhornensis (Rheims et al. 1998) Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. globbae Kuncharoen et al. 2018
- M. globispora Carro et al. 2019
- M. haikouensis corrig. Xie et al. 2012
- M. halophytica Weinstein et al. 1968 (Approved Lists 1980)
- M. halotolerans Carro et al. 2013
- M. harpali Fang et al. 2015
- M. humi Songsumanus et al. 2011
- M. humida Ra et al. 2021
- M. inaquosa Carro et al. 2019
- M. inositola Kawamoto et al. 1974 (Approved Lists 1980)
- M. inyonensis Kroppenstedt et al. 2005
- "M. jinlongensis" Gao et al. 2014
- M. kangleipakensis Nimaichand et al. 2013
- M. krabiensis Jongrungruangchok et al. 2008
- M. lupini Trujillo et al. 2007
- M. lutea (Liao et al. 2009) Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. luteifusca Carro et al. 2017
- M. luteiviridis Carro et al. 2018
- "M. lycii" Zhao et al. 2016
- M. mangrovi Xie et al. 2016
- "M. maoerensis" Li et al. 2014
- M. marina Tanasupawat et al. 2010
- M. maris (Goodfellow et al. 2012) Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. maritima Songsumanus et al. 2013
- M. matsumotoense (Asano et al. 1989) Lee et al. 2000
- M. mirobrigensis Trujillo et al. 2005
- "M. miyakonensis" Kawamura et al. 1981
- M. musae Kuncharoen et al. 2021
- M. narathiwatensis Thawai et al. 2008
- "M. neihuensis" Wu et al. 1988
- M. nickelidurans Lin et al. 2015
- M. nigra (Weinstein et al. 1968) Kasai et al. 2000
- M. noduli Carro et al. 2016
- M. olivasterospora Kawamoto et al. 1983
- M. orduensis Veyisoglu et al. 2020
- M. oryzae Kittiwongwattana et al. 2015
- M. ovatispora Li and Hong 2016
- M. pallida (Luedemann and Brodsky 1964) Kasai et al. 2000
- M. palomenae Fang et al. 2015
- M. parathelypteridis Zhao et al. 2017
- M. pattaloongensis Thawai et al. 2008
- M. pelagivivens Intra et al. 2020
- M. peucetia Kroppenstedt et al. 2005
- M. phaseoli (Wang et al. 2013) Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. phytophila Carro et al. 2018
- M. pisi Garcia et al. 2010
- M. polyrhachis Xiang et al. 2014
- M. profundi Veyisoglu et al. 2016
- "M. provocatoris" Abdel-Mageed et al. 2021
- M. purpureochromogenes (Waksman and Curtis 1916) Luedemann 1971 (Approved Lists 1980)
- M. qiuiae (Xi et al. 2012) Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. radicis Kuncharoen et al. 2019
- M. rhizosphaerae Wang et al. 2011
- M. rifamycinica Huang et al. 2008
- M. rosaria (ex Wagman et al. 1972) Horan and Brodsky 1986
- "M. rosea" Gado et al. 1985
- "M. rubida" Sun et al. 2021
- M. saelicesensis Trujillo et al. 2007
- M. sagamiensis Kroppenstedt et al. 2005
- M. schwarzwaldensis Vela Gurovic et al. 2013
- M. sediminicola Supong et al. 2013
- M. sediminimaris Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. sediminis Phongsopitanun et al. 2016
- M. siamensis Thawai et al. 2006
- M. soli Thawai et al. 2016
- M. sonneratiae Li et al. 2013
- "M. spongicola" Supong et al. 2013
- M. tarapacensis Villalobos et al. 2021
- M. taraxaci Zhao et al. 2015
- M. terminaliae Kaewkla et al. 2017
- M. trujilloniae Nouioui et al. 2018
- M. tulbaghiae Kirby and Meyers 2010
- M. ureilytica Carro et al. 2016
- M. veneta Kaewkla et al. 2022
- "M. verruculosa" Tani et al. 1982
- M. vinacea Carro et al. 2016
- M. violae Zhang et al. 2014
- M. viridifaciens Kroppenstedt et al. 2005
- M. vulcania Jia et al. 2016
- M. wenchangensis Ren et al. 2013
- M. yangpuensis Zhang et al. 2012
- M. yasonensis Veyisoglu et al. 2017
- M. zamorensis Carro et al. 2012
- "M. zeae" Shen et al. 2014
- "M. zhangzhouensis" Fu et al. 2020
- M. zhanjiangensis Zhang et al. 2015
- M. zingiberis (Thawai et al. 2018) Kuncharoen et al. 2019
References
- Weinstein MJ, Luedemann GM, Oden EM, Wagman GH, Rosselet JP, Marquez JA, et al. (July 1963). "Gentamicin, a new antibiotic complex from Micromonospora". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 6 (4): 463–4. doi:10.1021/jm00340a034. PMID 14184912.
- Testa RT, Wagman GH, Daniels PJ, Weinstein MJ (September 17, 1974). "Mutamicins; biosynthetically created new sisomicin analogues". The Journal of Antibiotics. 27 (12): 917–21. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.27.917. PMID 4468277.
- Weinstein MJ, Marquez JA, Testa RT, Wagman GH, Oden EM, Waitz JA (October 3, 1970). "Antibiotic 6640, a new Micromonospora-produced aminoglycoside antibiotic". The Journal of Antibiotics. 23 (11): 551–4. doi:10.7164/antibiotics.23.551. PMID 5487129.
- Christine CC, Sanders E (1973). "Sisomicin: Evaluation in vitro and Comparison with Gentamicin and Tobramycin". Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 3 (1): 24–8. doi:10.1128/aac.3.1.24. PMC 444355. PMID 4790572.
- Fan Zhang et al.: A marine microbiome antifungal targets urgent-threat drug-resistant fungi. In: Science Vol. 370, Issue 6519, 20 Nov 2020, pp. 974-978. doi:10.1126/science.abd6919. See also:
- Donna Lu: Potent new antifungal discovered in the microbiome of marine animals. On: NewScientist, 19 November 2020
- Parte, A.C. "Micromonospora". LPSN.
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