Nizofenone

Nizofenone (Ekonal, Midafenone) is a neuroprotective drug which protects neurons from death following cerebral anoxia (interruption of oxygen supply to the brain). It might thus be useful in the treatment of acute neurological conditions such as stroke.[1][2][3][4]

Nizofenone
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
ATC code
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • (2-chlorophenyl)(2-{2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1H-imidazol-1-yl}-5-nitrophenyl)methanone
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC21H21ClN4O3
Molar mass412.87 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • Clc1ccccc1C(=O)c3cc([N+]([O-])=O)ccc3n2ccnc2CN(CC)CC
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C21H21ClN4O3/c1-3-24(4-2)14-20-23-11-12-25(20)19-10-9-15(26(28)29)13-17(19)21(27)16-7-5-6-8-18(16)22/h5-13H,3-4,14H2,1-2H3 Y
  • Key:WZGBZLHGOVJDET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  (verify)

References

The following articles should be added in references:

Yasuda H (1999). Prevention of neurodegeneration by a neuroprotective radical scavenger. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 893: 430-3. PMID: 10672283

Hayashi Y, Shimada O, Yasuda H, Ikegami K (1994). Effect of nizofenone on experimental head trauma in mice. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 328(3): 251-60. PMID: 7625881


Yasuda H, Kishiro K, Izumi N, Nakanishi M (1985). Biphasic liberation of arachidonic and stearic acids during cerebral ischemia. J Neurochem. 45(1): 168-72. PMID: 2987409

Yasuda H, Ochi H, Tsumagari T (1984). Stimulation of prostacyclin synthesis by nizofenone. Biochem Pharmacol. 33(17): 2707-9. PMID: 6431991

Saito I, Asano T, Ochiai C, Takakura K, Tamura A, Sano K (1983). A double-blind clinical evaluation of the effect of Nizofenone (Y-9179) on delayed ischemic neurological deficits following aneurysmal rupture. Neurol Res. 5(4): 29-47. PMID: 6149485

Ochiai C, Asano T, Takakura K, Fukuda T, Horizoe H, Morimoto Y (1982). Mechanisms of cerebral protection by pentobarbital and nizofenone correlated with the course of local cerebral blood flow changes. Stroke. 13(6): 788-96. PMID: 7147293

Yasuda H, Shimada O, Nakajima A, Asano T (1981). Cerebral protective effect and radical scavenging action. J Neurochem. 37(4): 934-8. PMID: 7320731

Yasuda H, Nakanishi M, Tsumagari T, Nakajima A, Nakanishi M (1979). The mechanism of action of a novel cerebral protective drug against anoxia I. The effect on cerebral energy demand. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 242(1): 77-85. PMID: 543750

Tamura A, Asano T, Sano K, Tsumagari T, Nakajima A (1979). Protection from cerebral ischemia by a new imidazole derivative (Y-9179) and pentobarbital. A comparative study in chronic middle cerebral artery occlusion in cats. Stroke. 10(2): 126-34. PMID: 442136


  1. Ohta T, Kikuchi H, Hashi K, Kudo Y (March 1986). "Nizofenone administration in the acute stage following subarachnoid hemorrhage. Results of a multi-center controlled double-blind clinical study". Journal of Neurosurgery. 64 (3): 420–6. doi:10.3171/jns.1986.64.3.0420. PMID 3512795.
  2. Yasuda H, Izumi N, Nakanishi M, Maruyama Y (1988). "Brain protection against oxygen deficiency by nizofenone". Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 222: 403–10. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9510-6_48. ISBN 978-1-4615-9512-0. PMID 3364265.
  3. Yasuda H, Nakajima A (1993). "Brain protection against ischemic injury by nizofenone". Cerebrovascular and Brain Metabolism Reviews. 5 (4): 264–76. PMID 8110594.
  4. Matsumoto Y, Aihara K, Kamata T, Goto N (September 1994). "Nizofenone, a neuroprotective drug, suppresses glutamate release and lactate accumulation". European Journal of Pharmacology. 262 (1–2): 157–61. doi:10.1016/0014-2999(94)90039-6. PMID 7813567.


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