Oscillatoria brevis

Oscillatoria brevis, is a species of the genus Oscillatoria first identified in 1892.[2] It is a Blue-green filamentous cyanobacteria, which can be found in brackish and fresh waterways.[3][4] O. brevis can also be isolated from soil.[5]

Oscillatoria brevis
Oscillatoria brevis
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Cyanobacteria
Class: Cyanophyceae
Order: Oscillatoriales
Family: Oscillatoriaceae
Genus: Oscillatoria
Species:
O. brevis
Binomial name
Oscillatoria brevis
Kützing ex Gomont 1892[1]

Oscillatoria brevis is a mesophile but can bear a temperature of -16 °C,[6] and can perform photosynthesis at a temperature of 70 °C.[7] It is a photoautotroph, containing Chlorophyll a and c-phycocyanin, but can preform anoxygenic photosynthesis by reducing sulfur.[8] It is able to fix nitrogen, and can be cultured from soils. It along with other nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria found in the soil have been found to positively correlate with soil richness and the microbe density.[5] O. brevis has also been shown to be tolerant of some heavy metal ions namely copper, silver, zinc, and cadmium.[9]Oscillatoria is able to glide via microfibrils. the genus name Oscillatoria is in reference to look of oscillation when gliding.[10] The species name, brevis, is Latin for short or small, yet the microbe is 10 μM width and length varies in the genus from 5-70 μM.[4]

Metabolites

Oscillatoria brevis is identified as an cyanobacteria that produces Geosmin, a compound with a heavy earthy smell, that corelates with chlorophyll production.[11] Like many cyanobacteria O. brevis have lipopolysaccharides which can cause illness in humans and animals through ingestion or through an open wound.[12] Other species in the Oscillatoria genus have been identified to have genes for producing cytotoxin, cylindrospermopsin, along with two neurotoxins, anatoxin-a and homoanatoxin-a.[13]

References
  1. ":: Algaebase". AlgaeBase.
  2. "Oscillatoria brevis Kützing ex Gomont 1892 :: Algaebase". www.algaebase.org. Retrieved 2021-10-17.
  3. Brown, Igor I.; Fadeyev, Sergey I.; Gerasimenko, Lyudmila M.; Kirik, Irina I.; Pushenko, Marina Ya.; Severina, Inna I. (1990-03-01). "Sodium ions are necessary for growth and energy transduction in the marine cyanobacterium Oscillatoria brevis". Archives of Microbiology. 153 (4): 409–411. doi:10.1007/BF00249014. ISSN 1432-072X. S2CID 25360062.
  4. Muhlsteinova, Radka; Hauer, Tomáš; Ley, Paul; Pietrasiak, Nicole (2018-05-01). "Seeking the true Oscillatoria: A quest for a reliable phylogenetic and taxonomic reference point". Preslia. 90. doi:10.23855/preslia.2018.151.
  5. Afify, Aida; Hauka, Fathy; Gaballah, Mahmoud; Abou Elatta, Ahmed (2018-06-01). "Isolation and Identification of Dominant N2 Fixing Cyanobacterial Strains from Different Locations". Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology. 9 (6): 141–146. doi:10.21608/jacb.2018.35217. ISSN 2090-3626. S2CID 199262691.
  6. "Cyanophyta: Micro-cystic and Oscillatoria (With Diagrams)". Biology Discussion. 2016-02-04. Retrieved 2021-10-18.
  7. Darpan, Pratiyogita (August 2001). Competition Science Vision. Pratiyogita Darpan.
  8. Millie, David F.; Ingram, Daphne A.; Dionigi, Christopher P. (December 1990). "Pigment and Photosynthetic Responses of Oscillatoria Agardhii (Cyanophyta) to Photon Flux Density and Spectral Quality1". Journal of Phycology. 26 (4): 660–666. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3646.1990.00660.x. ISSN 0022-3646. S2CID 84638271.
  9. Tong, Liu; Nakashima, Susumu; Shibasaka, Mineo; Katsuhara, Maki; Kasamo, Kunihiro (2002-09-15). "A Novel Histidine-Rich CPx-ATPase from the Filamentous Cyanobacterium Oscillatoria brevis Related to Multiple-Heavy-Metal Cotolerance". Journal of Bacteriology. 184 (18): 5027–5035. doi:10.1128/JB.184.18.5027-5035.2002. PMC 135323. PMID 12193618.
  10. "Oscillatoria". oceandatacenter.ucsc.edu. Retrieved 2021-10-18.
  11. Naes, H.; Aarnes, H.; Utkilen, H. C.; Nilsen, S.; Skulberg, O. M. (June 1985). "Effect of Photon Fluence Rate and Specific Growth Rate on Geosmin Production of the Cyanobacterium Oscillatoria brevis (Kütz.) Gom". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 49 (6): 1538–1540. Bibcode:1985ApEnM..49.1538N. doi:10.1128/aem.49.6.1538-1540.1985. ISSN 0099-2240. PMC 241763. PMID 16346822.
  12. Stewart, Ian; Schluter, Philip J.; Shaw, Glen R. (2006-03-24). "Cyanobacterial lipopolysaccharides and human health – a review". Environmental Health. 5 (1): 7. doi:10.1186/1476-069X-5-7. ISSN 1476-069X. PMC 1489932. PMID 16563160.
  13. Méjean, Annick; Mazmouz, Rabia; Mann, Stéphane; Calteau, Alexandra; Médigue, Claudine; Ploux, Olivier (October 2010). "The genome sequence of the cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. PCC 6506 reveals several gene clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of toxins and secondary metabolites". Journal of Bacteriology. 192 (19): 5264–5265. doi:10.1128/JB.00704-10. ISSN 1098-5530. PMC 2944518. PMID 20675499.
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