PC3

PC3 (PC-3) is a human prostate cancer cell line used in prostate cancer research and drug development. PC3 cells are useful in investigating biochemical changes in advanced prostate cancer cells and in assessing their response to chemotherapeutic agents. PC3 cells are also used to study viral infection in mammalian cells that exhibit an immune response[1]

Properties of common prostate cancer cell lines

Description
Actin (Phalloidin) and Nuclei (DAPI) staining
PC3 cell cultured in plastic plate

The PC3 cell line was established in 1979 from bone metastasis of grade IV of prostate cancer in a 62-year-old Caucasian male.[2] These cells do not respond to androgens, glucocorticoids or fibroblast growth factors,[3] but results suggest that the cells are influenced by epidermal growth factors.[4] PC3 cells can be used to create subcutaneous tumor xenografts in mice to investigate the tumor environment and therapeutic drug functionality.

PC3 cells have high metastatic potential compared to DU145 cells, which have a moderate metastatic potential, and to LNCaP cells, which have low metastatic potential.[5] Comparisons of the protein expression of PC3, LNCaP, and other cells have shown that PC3 is characteristic of small cell neoendocrine carcinoma.[3]

PC3 cells have low testosterone-5-alpha reductase and acidic phosphatase activity, and do not express PSA (prostate-specific antigen). Furthermore, karyotypic analysis has shown that PC3 are near-triploid, having 62 chromosomes. Q-band analysis showed no Y chromosome. From a morphological point of view, electron microscopy revealed that PC3 cells show characteristics of a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma. They have features common to neoplastic cells of epithelial origins, such as numerous microvilli, junctional complexes, abnormal nuclei and nucleoli, abnormal mitochondria, annulate lamellae, and lipoidal bodies.

See also

References
  1. Timm C, Gupta A, Yin J (August 2015). "Robust kinetics of an RNA virus: Transcription rates are set by genome levels". Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 112 (8): 1655–62. doi:10.1002/bit.25578. PMC 5653219. PMID 25726926.
  2. Kaighn ME, Narayan KS, Ohnuki Y, Lechner JF, Jones LW (July 1979). "Establishment and characterization of a human prostatic carcinoma cell line (PC-3)". Investigative Urology. 17 (1): 16–23. PMID 447482.
  3. Tai S, Sun Y, Squires JM, Zhang H, Oh WK, Liang CZ, Huang J (November 2011). "PC3 is a cell line characteristic of prostatic small cell carcinoma". The Prostate. 71 (15): 1668–79. doi:10.1002/pros.21383. PMC 3426349. PMID 21432867.
  4. Johnston ST, Shah ET, Chopin LK, Sean McElwain DL, Simpson MJ (July 2015). "Estimating cell diffusivity and cell proliferation rate by interpreting IncuCyte ZOOM™ assay data using the Fisher-Kolmogorov model". BMC Systems Biology. 9 (38): 38. doi:10.1186/s12918-015-0182-y. PMC 4506581. PMID 26188761.
  5. Pulukuri SM, Gondi CS, Lakka SS, Jutla A, Estes N, Gujrati M, Rao JS (October 2005). "RNA interference-directed knockdown of urokinase plasminogen activator and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor inhibits prostate cancer cell invasion, survival, and tumorigenicity in vivo". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (43): 36529–40. doi:10.1074/jbc.M503111200. PMC 1351057. PMID 16127174.
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