Pores of Kohn

The pores of Kohn (also known as interalveolar connections or alveolar pores) are discrete holes in walls of adjacent alveoli.[1] Cuboidal type II alveolar cells, which produce surfactant, usually form part of aperture.[2]

Etymology

The pores of Kohn take their name from the German physician and pathologist Hans Nathan Kohn (1866–1935) who first described them in 1893.[3][4]

Development

They are absent in human newborns. They develop at 3–4 years of age along with canals of Lambert during the process of thinning of alveolar septa.[5][2]

Function

The pores allow the passage of other materials such as fluid and bacteria, which is an important mechanism of spread of infection in lobar pneumonia and spread of fibrin in the grey hepatisation phase of recovery from the same. They also equalize the pressure in adjacent alveoli and, combined with increased distribution of surfactant, thus play an important role in prevention of collapse of the lung.[6]

Unlike adults, in children these inter-alveolar connections are poorly developed which aids in limiting the spread of infection. This is thought to contribute to round pneumonia.[7]

References
  1. Desplechain C.; Foliguet B.; Barrat E.; Grignon G.; Touati F. (1983). "[The pores of Kohn in pulmonary alveoli]". Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 19 (1): 59–68. PMID 6850150.
  2. Miller, J.E. Cotes, D.J. Chinn, M.R. (2006). Lung function : theory and measurement in health and disease (6th ed.). Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Pub. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-632-06493-9.
  3. H.N. Kohn: “Zur Histologie der indurierenden fibrinösen Pneumonie”. Münchener Medicinische Wochenschrift 1893 40: 42-45
  4. Gompelmann, D.; Eberhardt, R.; Herth, F.J.F. (2013). "Collateral Ventilation". Respiration. 85 (6): 515–520. doi:10.1159/000348269. ISSN 0025-7931. PMID 23485627.
  5. Hammer, Jürg, ed. (2005). Paediatric pulmonary function testing : 41 tables ([Online-Ausg.] ed.). Basel [u.a.]: Karger. pp. 6. ISBN 3-8055-7753-2.
  6. Clinical Procedures In Emergency Medicine & Color Atlas Of Emergency Department Procedures. W B Saunders Co. 2005. p. 149. ISBN 1416022503.
  7. https://radiopaedia.org/articles/round-pneumonia-1?lang=us
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