Pseudomonas savastanoi

Pseudomonas savastanoi
	Twig of olive-tree with a tumour caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Pseudomonadota
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Order:	Pseudomonadales
Family:	Pseudomonadaceae
Genus:	Pseudomonas
Species:	P. savastanoi
Binomial name
	Pseudomonas savastanoi; (Janse 1982); Gardan, et al. 1992
Type strain
	ATCC 13522 ; CFBP 1670 ; CIP 103721 ; ICMP 4352 ; LMG 2209 ; NCPPB 639
Pathovars
	P. s. pv. fraxini ; P. s. pv. nerii ; P. s. pv. oleae Janse[1] ; P. s. pv. phaseolicola ; P. s. pv. savastanoi (Smith) Janse[1]
Synonyms
	Pseudomonas syringae pv. savastanoi (Smith 1908) Young et al. 1978 ; Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi (ex Smith 1908) Janse 1982 Pseudomonas medicaginis Burkholder 1926 ; Pseudomonas tonelliana (Ferraris 1926) Burkholder 1948 ; Pseudomonas oleae (Arcangeli) Duggar 1909 ; Agrobacterium savastanoi (Smith) Starr and Weiss 1943 ; Agrobacterium tonellianum (Ferraris) Starr and Weiss 1943 ; Bacterium savastanoi E.F. Smith 1908 ; Bacterium tonellianum Ferraris 1926 ; Phytomonas savastanoi (Smith) Bergey et al. 1923 ; Phytomonas tonelliana (Ferraris) Adam and Pugsley 1934 ; Pseudomonas syringae subsp. savastanoi pv. oleae Janse 1981 ; Pseudomonas savastanoi Smith and Petri 1908

Pseudomonas savastanoi is a gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium that infects a variety of plants. It was once considered a pathovar of Pseudomonas syringae, but following DNA-relatedness studies, it was instated as a new species.[2] It is named after Savastano, a worker who proved between 1887 and 1898 that olive knot are caused by bacteria.[3][4]

The pathovar of greatest economical significance is Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi, which causes the disease olive knot.[1] Symptoms include formation of galls on infected trees; tumour formation is induced by indoleacetic acid biosynthesis by the bacteria, in a similar manner to the well-studied crown gall pathogen, Agrobacterium tumefaciens.[5][6]

History

One of the first scientists to carry out scientific and modern research on the disease of olive trees caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi (Italian: la rogna dell'ulivo) was Giuseppe Maria Giovene (1753-1837), who explained his conclusions in his publication Sulla rogna degli ulivi (1789).[7]

Pathovars

Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. fraxini causes ash canker.[8]
Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii attacks oleander.[8]
Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi causes olive knot.[5][1]
Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola attacks Phaseolus (bean) plants [9]

Quorum sensing

P. s. pv. s. has an unusual quorum sensing dynamic: It shares quorum with an entirely different order, the Enterobacterales.[10] Hosni et al., 2011 and Caballo-Ponce et al., 2018 find P. s. pv. s. produces very similar N-Acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) to the Erwiniaceae Erwinia toletana and Pantoea agglomerans.[10] Hosni find an avirulent mutant – defective for AHL production – is restored to virulence by the presence of E. toletana and P. agglomerans.[10] These results demonstrate disease enhancing cooperation but also reveal a possible way that undiscovered cheating may be occurring.[10]

References

"Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (PSDMSA)[Overview]". Global Database. EPPO (European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization). 2002-02-03. Retrieved 2022-03-22.
Gardan; Shafik, H; Belouin, S; Broch, R; Grimont, F; Grimont, PA; et al. (Apr 1999). "DNA relatedness among the pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae and description of Pseudomonas tremae sp. nov. and Pseudomonas cannabina sp. nov. (ex Sutic and Dowson 1959)". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 49 (2): 469–78. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-2-469. PMID 10319466.
George M. Garrity: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria
Joseph M. Ogawa, Harley English: Diseases of temperate zone tree fruit and nut crops
Hosni T, et al. 2011. Sharing of quorum-sensing signals and role of interspecies communities in a bacterial plant disease. ISME J. doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.65.
Yamada, T; Lee, PD; Kosuge, T (1986). "Insertion sequence elements of Pseudomonas savastanoi: Nucleotide sequence and homology with Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfer DNA". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 83 (21): 8263–7. Bibcode:1986PNAS...83.8263Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.21.8263. PMC 386908. PMID 16593778.
Giovene, Giuseppe Maria (1789). Memoria sulla rogna degli ulivi del canonico d. Giuseppe Maria Giovene. per Vincenzo Flauto. p. 1.
Smith, Dunez, Lelliot, Phillips and Archer (1988) European Handbook of Plant Disease. Blackwell Scientific Publications.
B. P Borowicz, A Maćkowiak, H Pospieszny (2002) Improved identification of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola at the molecular level. EPPO Bulletin 32 (3), 467–469.
Friesen, Maren L. (2020-08-25). "Social Evolution and Cheating in Plant Pathogens". Annual Review of Phytopathology. Annual Reviews. 58 (1): 55–75. doi:10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012740. ISSN 0066-4286.

External links

Type strain of Pseudomonas savastanoi at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

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[EPPOsavastanoi-1] "Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (PSDMSA)[Overview]". Global Database. EPPO (European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization). 2002-02-03. Retrieved 2022-03-22.

[2] Gardan; Shafik, H; Belouin, S; Broch, R; Grimont, F; Grimont, PA; et al. (Apr 1999). "DNA relatedness among the pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae and description of Pseudomonas tremae sp. nov. and Pseudomonas cannabina sp. nov. (ex Sutic and Dowson 1959)". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 49 (2): 469–78. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-2-469. PMID 10319466.

[Bergey-3] George M. Garrity: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria

[4] Joseph M. Ogawa, Harley English: Diseases of temperate zone tree fruit and nut crops

[Hosni_T_2011-5] Hosni T, et al. 2011. Sharing of quorum-sensing signals and role of interspecies communities in a bacterial plant disease. ISME J. doi:10.1038/ismej.2011.65.

[6] Yamada, T; Lee, PD; Kosuge, T (1986). "Insertion sequence elements of Pseudomonas savastanoi: Nucleotide sequence and homology with Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfer DNA". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 83 (21): 8263–7. Bibcode:1986PNAS...83.8263Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.21.8263. PMC 386908. PMID 16593778.

[7] Giovene, Giuseppe Maria (1789). Memoria sulla rogna degli ulivi del canonico d. Giuseppe Maria Giovene. per Vincenzo Flauto. p. 1.

[Smith-8] Smith, Dunez, Lelliot, Phillips and Archer (1988) European Handbook of Plant Disease. Blackwell Scientific Publications.

[9] B. P Borowicz, A Maćkowiak, H Pospieszny (2002) Improved identification of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola at the molecular level. EPPO Bulletin 32 (3), 467–469.

[Friesen-2020-10] Friesen, Maren L. (2020-08-25). "Social Evolution and Cheating in Plant Pathogens". Annual Review of Phytopathology. Annual Reviews. 58 (1): 55–75. doi:10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012740. ISSN 0066-4286.