Roseiflexus castenholzii

Roseiflexus castenholzii is a thermophilic, filamentous, anoxygenetic phototroph (FAP) bacterium that lacks chlorosomes. [1][2] This species was first isolated from red-colored bacterial mats located Nakabusa hot springs in Japan.[1]

Roseiflexus castenholzii
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Chloroflexota
Class: Chloroflexia
Order: Chloroflexales
Family: Roseiflexaceae
Genus: Roseiflexus
Species:
R. castenholzii
Binomial name
Roseiflexus castenholzii
Hanada et al., 2002

Morphology

This bacterium has a cell diameter is of 0.8-1.0 micrometres but does not have a definite length due to having a multicelluar filamentous structure. The bacterium is red to reddish-brown in colour and formed a distinct red bacterial mat in the natural environment.[3] R. casternholzii lacks internal vesicles, internal membranes, and complex structures. This species has shown the ability of gliding motility.[1]

Taxonomy

The five currently known genera of FAP organisms are Chlorofelxus, Choronema, Oscillochloris, Roseiflexus, and Heliothrix. Of these five, only two do not contain chlorosomes: Roseiflexus and Heliothrix. Roseiflexus and Heliothrix are both red in color due to only having Bchl a as a photosyntheic pigment. In most other aspects, both phenotypically and genetically, the genera Roseiflexus and Heliothrix are different from each other.[2] Little is known about the taxonomy of Roseiflexus due to it only containing one known species: Roseiflexus casternholzii.

Habitat and optimal growth conditions

When first discovered, Roseiflexus casternholzii was isolated from the lowest layer of a three layered bacterial mat; the top two contained cyanobacteria and Chloroflexus spp.[2] These mats were found in multiple Japanese hot springs ranging in temperature from 45.5°C to 68.5°C and with a neutral to alkaline pH range.[1][2]

It is able to grow photoheterotrophically under anaerobic light conditions and chemoheterotrophically under aerobic dark conditions. Optimal growth conditions for this organism are 50 degrees C and pH 7.5-8.0. Its type strain is HLO8T (= DSM 13941T = JCM 11240T).[1][3]

References
  1. Hanada S; Takaichi S; Matsuura K; Nakamura K (January 2002). "Roseiflexus castenholzii gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, filamentous, photosynthetic bacterium that lacks chlorosomes". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 52 (Pt 1): 187–93. doi:10.1099/00207713-52-1-187. PMID 11837302. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
  2. Hanada, Satoshi; Pierson, Beverly K. (2006), Dworkin, Martin; Falkow, Stanley; Rosenberg, Eugene; Schleifer, Karl-Heinz (eds.), "The Family Chloroflexaceae", The Prokaryotes, New York, NY: Springer New York, pp. 815–842, doi:10.1007/0-387-30747-8_33, ISBN 978-0-387-25497-5, retrieved 2022-10-31
  3. The prokaryotes. Vol. 7. Proteobacteria : delta and epsilon subclasses, deeply rooting bacteria : a handbook on the biology of bacteria. Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow (3rd ed.). New York: Springer. 2006. ISBN 978-0-387-30747-3. OCLC 262687432.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

Further reading


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.