Estradiol valerate/gestonorone caproate

Estradiol valerate/gestonorone caproate (EV/GC), known by the developmental code names SH-834 and SH-8.0834, is a high-dose combination medication of estradiol valerate (EV), an estrogen, and gestonorone caproate (GC; norhydroxyprogesterone caproate), a progestin, which was developed and studied by Schering in the 1960s and 1970s for potential use in the treatment of breast cancer in women but was ultimately never marketed.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] It contained 90 mg EV and 300 mg GC in each 3 mL of oil solution and was intended for use by intramuscular injection once a week.[3][6] The combination has also been studied incidentally in the treatment of ovarian cancer.[8]

Estradiol valerate /
gestonorone caproate
Estradiol valerate (top) and
gestonorone caproate (bottom)
Combination of
Estradiol valerateEstrogen
Gestonorone caproateProgestogen
Clinical data
Other namesEV/GC; EV/NOHPC; EV/OHNPC; SH-834; SH-8.0834
Routes of
administration		Intramuscular injection

Both high-dose estrogens and high-dose progestogens have been found to be independently effective in the treatment of breast cancer in women.[6][9][10] High-dose estrogens show greater and more consistent effectiveness than high-dose progestogens for this indication.[6][9][11] The combination of an estrogen and progestogen, specifically estradiol benzoate and progesterone, was first studied in breast cancer in rodents and women by Charles Huggins and colleagues in 1962.[9][6][12][11] Initially progesterone and hydroxyprogesterone caproate were used as the progestogen component in such studies;[6][12][13] the need for a more potent progestogen in such combinations led to the development of EV/GC, which was first reported in the treatment of breast cancer in women in 1966.[6][1] GC is a relatively pure progestogen that has about 5- to 10-fold the progestogenic potency of hydroxyprogesterone caproate in humans.[14][15][16] New reports on EV/GC in breast cancer continued until 1976.[7]

Both progesterone and hydroxyprogesterone caproate, which are relatively pure progestogens, have been found to have modest or negligible effectiveness when employed by themselves in the treatment of breast cancer in women.[9][11][17][18][19] Conversely, progestins with off-target glucocorticoid and/or androgenic activity, such as medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate, and 19-nortestosterone derivatives, have been found to have greater and more clinically useful effectiveness in comparison.[9][10] This has raised the possibility that the beneficial therapeutic effects of progestogens in breast cancer may be more related to their off-target activity than their progestogenic activity.[9] In accordance, a study found that the effectiveness of an estrogen alone and the combination of EV/GC in the treatment of breast cancer in women was not significantly different.[7] This was the last study of EV/GC to be published.[7]

See also

References
  1. Notter G, Kaigas M (September 1966). "Behandlung des inoperablen und metastasierenden Mammakarzinoms mit gestagenen und östrogenen Hormonen" [The treatment of inoperable and metastasizing breast carcinoma with gestational and estrogenic hormones]. Munchener medizinische Wochenschrift (1950) (in German). 108 (39): 1920–1923. ISSN 0027-2973. PMID 6014870.
  2. British Empire Cancer Campaign for Research (1966). Annual Report. Vol. 44. The Campaign. pp. 394–395. Progesterone in the Treatment of Advanced Tumours of the Breast. The clinical trial with a progestogen/oestrogen compound, Trial No. SH 834 has been continued. An assessment of its effectiveness in 25 patients with advanced cancer of the breast, of whom 8 were in a terminal stage of the disease and in almost all of whom other types of treatment had failed or become ineffective, has been made. In the group of 8 terminal cases only 2 showed a temporary improvement. Of the remaining 17 cases with treatment periods up to 10 months 16 are still alive; in 9 cases the results were good and in 7 of these, after other measures had failed, SH 834 brought about a temporary arrest of the disease with considerable, though incomplete, regression of the skin infiltrations and amelioration of the general condition and well-being of the patients.
  3. Berndt G, Stender HS (November 1970). "Die Östrogen-Gestagen-Kombinationsbehandlung des metastasierenden Mammakarzinoms mit SH 834" [The combined estrogen-gestagen treatment of metastasizing mammary carcinoma using with SH 834]. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. (in German). 95 (48): 2399–2404. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1108843. ISSN 0012-0472. PMID 5529652.
  4. Hildebrandt, Liselotte (1971). Die Hormonbehandlung des progredienten Mamma-Carcinoms unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Therapie mit der Gestagen-Oestrogen-Kombination SH 834 [The hormone treatment of progressive breast carcinoma with special consideration of the therapy with the gestagen-estrogen combination SH 834] (Dissertation) (in German). Medizinische Hochschule Hannover. pp. 1–39. OCLC 634592499.
  5. Berndt G, Eckel H, Notter G, Stender HS. "Die Wirkung einer Ostrogen-Gestagen-Kombinationstherapie beim fortgeschrittenen Mammakarzinom mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der Lungenmetastasen" [Effect of combined estrogen-gestagen therapy on advanced breast carcinoma with special consideration of lung metastases]. Strahlentherapie (in German). 141 (5): 540–548. ISSN 0039-2073.
  6. Notter G, Berndt G (October 1975). "Hormonal treatment of mammary carcinoma with Progynon-Depot and Depostat". Acta Radiol Ther Phys Biol. 14 (5): 433–42. doi:10.3109/02841867509132684. PMID 1202923.
  7. Firusian N, Schietzel M (September 1976). "Zur additiven Therapie des metastasierenden Mamma-Karzinoms unter Berücksichtigung des Postmenopausalaltes (Ergebnisse einer randomisierten Studie)" [Additive treatment of metastasizing breast cancer with special reference to postmenopausal age (results of a randomized study)]. Strahlentherapie (in German). 152 (3): 235–47. ISSN 0039-2073. PMID 968923.
  8. Ward HW (June 1972). "Progestogen therapy for ovarian carcinoma". J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw. 79 (6): 555–9. doi:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1972.tb14200.x. PMID 4555897. S2CID 2586346.
  9. Dao, Thomas L. (1975). "Pharmacology and Clinical Utility of Hormones in Hormone Related Neoplasms". In Alan C. Sartorelli; David G. Johns (eds.). Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Agents. pp. 170–192. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-65806-8_11. ISBN 978-3-642-65806-8.
  10. Muss, H. B.; Cruz, J. M. (1992). "High-dose progestin therapy for metastatic breast cancer". Annals of Oncology. 3 (suppl 3): S15–S20. doi:10.1093/annonc/3.suppl_3.S15. ISSN 0923-7534. PMID 1390312.
  11. Ufer, Joachim (1968). "Die therapeutische Anwendung der Gestagene beim Menschen" [Therapeutic Use of Progestogens in Humans]. Die Gestagene [Progestogens]. Springer-Verlag. pp. 1026–1124. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-99941-3_7. ISBN 978-3-642-99941-3.
  12. Landau, Richard L. (1962). "Estradiol Benzoate and Progesterone in Advanced Human-Breast Cancer". JAMA. 182 (6): 632–6. doi:10.1001/jama.1962.03050450032008. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 12305404.
  13. Crowley LG, MacDonald I (April 1965). "Delalutin and estrogens for the treatment of advanced mammary carcinoma in the postmenopausal woman". Cancer. 18 (4): 436–446. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(196504)18:4<436::AID-CNCR2820180407>3.0.CO;2-D. ISSN 0008-543X. PMID 14278040.
  14. Horský, Jan; Presl, Jiří (1981). "Genital Cycle". In J. Horsky; J. Presl (eds.). Ovarian Function and its Disorders: Diagnosis and Therapy. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 70–129. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-8195-9_11. ISBN 978-94-009-8195-9. Gestonorone caproate is a depot gestagen, five times more potent than 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate.
  15. Karlstedt K (1971). "Progesterone treatment for local recurrence and metastases in carcinoma corporis uteri". Acta Radiologica: Therapy, Physics, Biology. 10 (2): 187–92. doi:10.3109/02841867109129755. PMID 5556820. The preparations used were Proluton Depot (17a-hydroxy-progesterone caproate) and in 3 patients SH 5132 (17a-hydroxy-19-norprogesterone caproate); 100 mg of the latter corresponds to 1000 mg of Proluton Depot.
  16. Moe N (1972). "Short-term progestogen treatment of endometrial carcinoma. Histological, histochemical and hormonal studies". Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 51 (1): 55–62. doi:10.3109/00016347209154968. PMID 4261828. S2CID 7181971. Thirteen patients with primary adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus were treated for 21 days with 17alpha-hydroxy-progesterone-caproate (Primolut Depot®, Schering), 1000 mg daily, or 17alpha-hydroxy-19-nor-progesterone-caproate (Depostat®, Schering), 200 mg daily. These doses can be considered as equivalent.
  17. Lundgren S (1992). "Progestins in breast cancer treatment. A review". Acta Oncol. 31 (7): 709–22. doi:10.3109/02841869209083859. PMID 1476750.
  18. Taylor SG, Morris RS (January 1951). "Hormones in breast metastasis therapy". Med. Clin. North Am. 35 (1): 51–61. doi:10.1016/S0025-7125(16)35321-4. PMID 14796108.
  19. Gordon D, Horwitt BN, Segaloff A, Murison PJ, Schlosser JV (March 1952). "Hormonal therapy in cancer of the breast. III. Effect of progesterone on clinical course and hormonal excretion". Cancer. 5 (2): 275–7. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(195203)5:2<275::aid-cncr2820050213>3.0.co;2-h. PMID 14905411.



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