Salubrinal

Salubrinal is a drug which acts as a specific inhibitor of eIF2α phosphatase enzymes[1][2][3] and is primarily used experimentally, to study stress responses in eukaryotic cells associated with the action of eIF2. Salubrinal indirectly inhibits eIF2 as a result of reduced dephosphorylation of its α-subunit,[4] resulting in activation of stress response pathways usually triggered by events such as oxidative stress or buildup of unfolded protein in the endoplasmic reticulum.[5] Salubrinal has putative therapeutic value due to its function,[1][3] but is as yet only used experimentally. Salubrinal is being studied at Indiana University for its potential to fight osteoporosis and accelerate bone healing.[6]

Salubrinal
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 3-phenyl-N-[2,2,2-trichloro-1-[[(8-quinolinylamino)thioxomethyl]amino]ethyl]-2-propenamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.237.268
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC21H17Cl3N4OS
Molar mass479.80 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • C1=CC=C(C=C1)/C=C/C(=O)NC(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)NC(=S)NC2=CC=CC3=C2N=CC=C3
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C21H17Cl3N4OS/c22-21(23,24)19(27-17(29)12-11-14-6-2-1-3-7-14)28-20(30)26-16-10-4-8-15-9-5-13-25-18(15)16/h1-13,19H,(H,27,29)(H2,26,28,30)/b12-11+ N
  • Key:LCOIAYJMPKXARU-VAWYXSNFSA-N N
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

References
  1. Lewerenz J, Maher P (January 2009). "Basal levels of eIF2alpha phosphorylation determine cellular antioxidant status by regulating ATF4 and xCT expression". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. 284 (2): 1106–15. doi:10.1074/jbc.M807325200. PMC 2613630. PMID 19017641.
  2. Kessel D (August 2006). "Protection of Bcl-2 by salubrinal". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. Elsevier Inc. 346 (4): 1320–3. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.056. PMC 2978664. PMID 16806073.
  3. Boyce M, Bryant KF, Jousse C, Long K, Harding HP, Scheuner D, et al. (February 2005). "A selective inhibitor of eIF2alpha dephosphorylation protects cells from ER stress". Science. 307 (5711): 935–9. Bibcode:2005Sci...307..935B. doi:10.1126/science.1101902. PMID 15705855. S2CID 86257684.
  4. "Entrez Gene: EIF2S1 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 1 alpha, 35kDa". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 2010-10-05.
  5. Wek RC, Jiang HY, Anthony TG (February 2006). "Coping with stress: eIF2 kinases and translational control". Biochemical Society Transactions. Biochemical Society. 34 (Pt 1): 7–11. doi:10.1042/BST20060007. PMID 16246168.
  6. "New compound may accelerate bone healing, prevent osteoporosis". August 2011. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 2011-08-29.
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