Vibrio natriegens

Vibrio natriegens is a Gram-negative marine bacterium.[3][5] It was first isolated from salt marsh mud. It is a salt-loving organism (halophile) requiring about 2% NaCl for growth. It reacts well to the presence of sodium ions which appear to stimulate growth in Vibrio species, to stabilise the cell membrane, and to affect sodium-dependent transport and mobility. Under optimum conditions, and all nutrients provided, the doubling time of V. natriegens can be less than 10 minutes. In the laboratory, the growth medium can be easily changed, thus affecting the growth rate of a culture.[6][7] V. natriegens is commonly found in estuarine mud. S.I. Paul et al. (2021)[5] isolated and identified many strains of Vibrio natriegens from marine sponges of the Saint Martin's Island Area of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.

Vibrio natriegens
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Vibrionales
Family: Vibrionaceae
Genus: Vibrio
Species:
V. natriegens
Binomial name
Vibrio natriegens
Synonyms[1][4]

Pseudomonas natriegens [1]
Beneckea natriegens

Biochemical characteristics of V. natriegens

Colony, morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of Vibrio natriegens are shown in the Table below.[5]

Test type Test Characteristics
Colony characters Size Medium
Type Round
Color Whitish
Shape Convex
Morphological characters Shape Vibrio
Physiological characters Motility +
Growth at 6.5% NaCl +
Biochemical characters Gram's staining –
Oxidase +
Catalase +
Oxidative-Fermentative Oxidative
Motility +
Methyl Red –
Voges-Proskauer –
Indole –
H2S Production +
Urease +
Nitrate reductase +
β-Galactosidase +
Hydrolysis of Gelatin +
Aesculin +
Casein +
Tween 40 +
Tween 60 +
Tween 80 +
Acid production from Glycerol +
Galactose +
D-Glucose +
D-Fructose V
D-Mannose V
Mannitol V
N-Acetylglucosamine +
Amygdalin –
Maltose +
D-Melibiose –
D-Trehalose –
Glycogen +
D-Turanose +

Note: + = Positive, – =Negative, V =Variable (+/–)

Biotechnological uses

Owing to its rapid growth rate, ability to grow on inexpensive carbon sources, and capacity to secrete proteins into the growth media, efforts are underway to leverage this species as a host for molecular biology and biotechnology applications.[8][9] Recently, V. natriegens crude extract has been shown by multiple research groups to be a promising platform for cell-free expression.[10][11][12][13]

References
  1. Payne WJ, Eagon RG, Williams AK (1961). "Some observations on the physiology of Pseudomonas natriegens nov. spec". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 27: 121–8. doi:10.1007/bf02538432. PMID 13733692. S2CID 1165159.
  2. Woolkalis MJ, Baumann P (July 1981). "Evolution of alkaline phosphatase in marine species of Vibrio". J. Bacteriol. 147 (1): 36–45. doi:10.1128/jb.147.1.36-45.1981. PMC 216004. PMID 6787029.
  3. Baumann P, Baumann L, Bang SS, Woolkalis MJ (1980). "Reevaluation of the taxonomy of Vibrio, Beneckea, and Photobacterium: Abolition of the genus Beneckea". Curr. Microbiol. 4 (3): 127–132. doi:10.1007/bf02602814. S2CID 40579993.
  4. Baumann P, Baumann L, Mandel M (July 1971). "Taxonomy of marine bacteria: the genus Beneckea". J. Bacteriol. 107 (1): 268–94. doi:10.1128/jb.107.1.268-294.1971. PMC 246914. PMID 4935323.
  5. Paul, Sulav Indra; Rahman, Md. Mahbubur; Salam, Mohammad Abdus; Khan, Md. Arifur Rahman; Islam, Md. Tofazzal (2021-12-15). "Identification of marine sponge-associated bacteria of the Saint Martin's island of the Bay of Bengal emphasizing on the prevention of motile Aeromonas septicemia in Labeo rohita". Aquaculture. 545: 737156. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737156. ISSN 0044-8486.
  6. Aiyar SE, Gaal T, Gourse RL (Mar 2002). "rRNA promoter activity in the fast-growing bacterium Vibrio natriegens". J. Bacteriol. 184 (5): 1349–58. doi:10.1128/jb.184.5.1349-1358.2002. PMC 134863. PMID 11844764.
  7. R. G. Eagon (1962). "Pseudomonas natriegens, A Marine Bacterium with a Generation Time of Less Than 10 Minutes". J. Bacteriol. 83 (4): 736–737. doi:10.1128/jb.83.4.736-737.1962. PMC 279347. PMID 13888946.
  8. Lee, Henry H.; Ostrov, Nili; Wong, Brandon G.; Gold, Michaela A.; Khalil, Ahmad S.; Church, George M. (2016-06-12). "Vibrio natriegens, a new genomic powerhouse". BioRxiv. doi:10.1101/058487.
  9. Weinstock, Matthew T.; Hesek, Eric D.; Wilson, Christopher M.; Gibson, Daniel G. (2016-08-29). "Vibrio natriegens as a fast-growing host for molecular biology". Nature Methods. 13 (10): 849–51. doi:10.1038/nmeth.3970. ISSN 1548-7105. PMID 27571549. S2CID 3533695.
  10. Wiegand, Daniel J.; Lee, Henry H.; Ostrov, Nili; Church, George M. (2018-09-12). "Establishing a Cell-free Vibrio natriegens Expression System". ACS Synthetic Biology. 7 (10): 2475–2479. doi:10.1021/acssynbio.8b00222. OSTI 1529064. PMID 30160938. S2CID 52135507.
  11. Wiegand, Daniel J.; Lee, Henry H.; Ostrov, Nili; Church, George M. (2019-03-15). "Cell-free Protein Expression Using the Rapidly Growing Bacterium Vibrio natriegens". Journal of Visualized Experiments (145). doi:10.3791/59495. PMC 6512795. PMID 30933074.
  12. Des Doye, BJ; Davidson, SR; Weinstock, MT; Gibson, DG; Jewett, MC (2018-09-06). "Establishing a High-Yielding Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Platform Derived from Vibrio natriegens". ACS Synthetic Biology. 7 (9): 2245–2255. doi:10.1021/acssynbio.8b00252. PMID 30107122. S2CID 52004914.
  13. Failmezger, J; Scholz, S; Blombach, B; Siemann-Herzberg, M (2018-06-01). "Cell-Free Protein Synthesis From Fast-Growing Vibrio natriegens". Frontiers in Microbiology. 9: 1146. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01146. PMC 5992293. PMID 29910785.


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