A.C. Milan

Associazione Calcio Milan (Italian pronunciation: [assotʃatˈtsjoːne ˈkaltʃo ˈmiːlan]), commonly referred to as AC Milan or simply Milan, is a professional football club in Milan, Italy, founded in 1899.[5][6] The club has spent its entire history, with the exception of the 1980–81 and 1982–83 seasons, in the top flight of Italian football, known as Serie A since 1929–30.[5]

AC Milan
Full nameAssociazione Calcio Milan S.p.A.[1]
Nickname(s)I Rossoneri (The Red and Blacks)
Il Diavolo (The Devil)
Founded1899 (1899), as Milan Foot-Ball and Cricket Club
GroundSan Siro
Capacity75,923 (limited capacity), 80,018 (maximum)
OwnerRedBird Capital Partners (99.93%)[2][3]
Private shareholders (0.07%)[4]
ChairmanPaolo Scaroni
Head coachStefano Pioli
LeagueSerie A
2021–22Serie A, 1st of 20 (champions)
WebsiteClub website
Third colours

AC Milan's 18 FIFA and UEFA trophies is the fourth highest out of any club (joint with Boca Juniors), and the most out of any Italian club.[7][8][9][10] Milan has won a joint record three Intercontinental Cups and one FIFA Club World Cup,[10] seven European Cup/Champions League titles (Italian record),[10] the UEFA Super Cup a joint record five times and the Cup Winners' Cup twice.[10] With 19 league titles, Milan is tied as the second most successful club in Serie A with local rivals Inter Milan (also with 19 league titles), behind Juventus (36 league titles).[11] They have also won the Coppa Italia five times, and the Supercoppa Italiana seven.[10]

Milan's home games are played at San Siro, also known as the Stadio Giuseppe Meazza. The stadium, which was built by Milan's second chairman Piero Pirelli in 1926 and is shared since 1947 with city rivals Internazionale,[12] is the largest in Italian football, with a total capacity of 75,923.[13] They have a long-standing rivalry with Inter, with whom they contest the Derby della Madonnina; it is one of the most followed derbies in football.[14]

The club is one of the wealthiest in Italian and world football.[15] It was a founding member of the now-defunct G-14 group of Europe's leading football clubs as well as its replacement, the European Club Association.[16]

History

Foundation and early years (1899–1950)
Herbert Kilpin, the club's first captain and one of its founding members
The AC Milan formation that won the Italian championship in 1901

"Saremo una squadra di diavoli. I nostri colori saranno il rosso come il fuoco e il nero come la paura che incuteremo agli avversari."

— 1899, Herbert Kilpin[17][18]

"We will be a team of devils. Our colours will be red like fire and black like the fear we will invoke in our opponents."

— 1899, Herbert Kilpin

AC Milan was founded as Milan Foot-Ball and Cricket Club in 1899 by English expatriate Herbert Kilpin.[6] The club claims 16 December of that year as their foundation date,[19] but historical evidence seems to suggest that the club was actually founded a few days earlier, most likely on 13 December.[20] However, with the club's charter being lost, the exact date remains open to debate.

In honour of its English origins, the club has retained the English spelling of the city's name, as opposed to the Italian spelling Milano, which it was forced to bear under the fascist regime. Milan won its first Italian championship in 1901, interrupting a three-year hegemony of Genoa, and a further two in succession in 1906 and 1907.[5] The club proved successful in the first decade of its existence, with several important trophies won, including, among others, the Medaglia del Re three times,[21] the Palla Dapples 23 times[22] and the FGNI tournament five times, a competition organized by the Italian Gymnastics Federation but not officially recognized by the Italian Football Federation.[23]

AC Milan celebrating after winning the European Cup Winners' Cup final in 1968

In 1908, Milan experienced a split caused by internal disagreements over the signing of foreign players, which led to the forming of another Milan-based team, F.C. Internazionale Milano.[24] Following these events, Milan did not manage to win a single domestic title until 1950–51,[10] with some exceptions represented by the 1915-16 Coppa Federale[25] and the 1917-18 Coppa Mauro,[26] two tournaments played during the First World War which, especially the former, received a lot of attention and proved to be highly competitive, despite them not being officially recognized by the Italian federation.

Return to victory and international affirmation (1950-1970)

The 1950s saw the club return to the top of Italian football, headed by the famous Gre-No-Li Swedish trio Gunnar Gren, Gunnar Nordahl and Nils Liedholm. This was one of the club's most successful periods domestically, with the Scudetto going to Milan in 1951, 1955, 1957 and 1959.[10] This decade witnessed also the first European successes of Milan, with the triumphs in the 1951 and 1956 Latin Cup. Milan was also the first Italian club to take part to the newly born European Cup in the 1955-56 season, and reached the final two years later, when they were defeated by Real Madrid.

The 1960s began with the debut of Milan's legend Gianni Rivera in 1960:[27] he will remain with the club for the rest of his career for the following 19 seasons. In 1961, Nereo Rocco was appointed as new coach of the club,[28] which under his leadership won immediately a scudetto in 1961-62, followed, in the next season, by Milan's first European Cup triumph, achieved after beating Benfica in the final.[29][30] This success was repeated in 1969, with a 4–1 win over Ajax in the final, which was followed by the Intercontinental Cup title the same year.[10] During this period Milan also won its first Coppa Italia, with victory over Padova in the 1967 final, and two European Cup Winners' Cups: in 1967–68 and 1972–73.[10]

10th Scudetto and decline (1970-1986)

Domestically, the 1970s were characterized by the pursue of the 10th Serie A title, which grants the winner the Scudetto star. For three years in a row, in 1971, 1972 and 1973, Milan ended up second in the league, after some memorable duels with Inter and Juventus. Finally, the achievement was reached in 1979. The same year saw the retirement of Gianni Rivera and the debut of Franco Baresi, at his first full season with the club. After this success, the team went into a period of decline. The club in 1980 was involved in the Totonero scandal and as punishment was relegated to Serie B for the first time in its history.[31] The scandal was centred around a betting syndicate paying players and officials to fix the outcome of matches.[31] Milan achieved promotion back to Serie A at the first attempt, winning the 1980–81 Serie B title,[10] but were again relegated a year later as the team ended its 1981–82 campaign in third-last place. In 1983, Milan won the Serie B title for the second time in three seasons to return to Serie A,[10] where they achieved a sixth-place finish in 1983–84.

Berlusconi's ownership and international glory (1986-2012)
Tassotti (left) holds the UEFA Champions League trophy along with manager Fabio Capello, following Milan's victory in the 1993–94 edition of the tournament

On 20 February 1986, entrepreneur Silvio Berlusconi (who owns Fininvest and Mediaset) acquired the club and saved it from bankruptcy after investing vast amounts of money,[5] appointing rising manager Arrigo Sacchi at the helm of the Rossoneri and signing Dutch internationals Ruud Gullit, Marco van Basten and Frank Rijkaard.[5] The Dutch trio added an attacking impetus to the team, and complemented the club's Italian internationals Paolo Maldini, Franco Baresi, Alessandro Costacurta and Roberto Donadoni. Under Sacchi, Milan won its first Scudetto in nine years in the 1987–88 season. The following year, the club won its first European Cup in two decades, beating Romanian club Steaua București 4–0 in the final. Milan retained their title with a 1–0 win over Benfica a year later and was the last team to win back-to-back European Cups until Real Madrid's win in 2017.[32] The Milan team of 1988–1990, nicknamed the "Immortals" in the Italian media,[33] has been voted the best club side of all time in a global poll of experts conducted by World Soccer magazine.[34]

After Sacchi left Milan in 1991, he was replaced by the club's former player Fabio Capello whose team won three consecutive Serie A titles between 1992 and 1994, a spell which included a 58-match unbeaten run in Serie A (which earned the team the label "the Invincibles"),[33][35][36] and back-to-back UEFA Champions League final appearances in 1993, 1994 and 1995. A year after losing 1–0 to Marseille in the 1993 Champions League final, Capello's team reached its peak in one of Milan's most memorable matches of all time, the famous 4–0 win over Barcelona in the 1994 Champions League final.[35] Capello's side went on to win the 1995–96 league title before he left to manage Real Madrid in 1996.[35] In 1998–99, after a two-year period of decline, Milan lifted its 16th championship in the club's centenary season.

Milan captain Paolo Maldini lifting the European Cup after they won the 2002–03 UEFA Champions League
Milan celebrates winning the 2006–07 UEFA Champions League

Milan's next period of success came under another former player, Carlo Ancelotti. After his appointment in November 2001, Ancelotti took Milan to the 2003 Champions League final, where they defeated Juventus on penalties to win the club's sixth European Cup.[37] The team then won the Scudetto in 2003–04 before reaching the 2005 Champions League final, where they were beaten by Liverpool on penalties despite leading 3–0 at half-time.[37] Two years later, the two teams met again in the 2007 Champions League final, with Milan winning 2–1 to lift the title for a seventh time.[37][38] The team then won its first FIFA Club World Cup in December 2007.[39] In 2009, after becoming Milan's second longest serving manager with 420 matches overseen,[39] Ancelotti left the club to take over as manager at Chelsea.

During this period, the club was involved in the Calciopoli scandal, where five teams were accused of fixing matches by selecting favourable referees.[40] A police inquiry excluded any involvement of Milan managers,[41] but the Italian Football Federation (FIGC) unilaterally decided that it had sufficient evidence to charge Milan vice-president Adriano Galliani. As a result, Milan was initially punished with a 15-point deduction and was banned from the 2006–07 UEFA Champions League. An appeal saw that penalty reduced to eight points,[42] which allowed the club to retain its Champions League participation.

Following the aftermath of Calciopoli, local rivals Internazionale dominated Serie A, winning four Scudetti. However, with the help a strong squad boasting players such as Zlatan Ibrahimović, Robinho and Alexandre Pato joining many of the veterans of the club's mid-decade European successes, Milan recaptured the Scudetto in the 2010–11 Serie A season, their first since the 2003–04 season, and 18th overall.[43][44]

Jerseys of Paolo Maldini (number 3), Kaká (number 22) and Zlatan Ibrahimović (number 11) in the San Siro museum

Changes in ownership and decline (2012-2019)

However, after the Scudetto the club declined in performance. Milan failed to qualify to European competitions for a few years, and the only trophy won was the 2016 Supercoppa Italiana, achieved under Vincenzo Montella's coaching after defeating Juventus in the penalty shoot-out.

On 5 August 2016, a new preliminary agreement was signed with the Chinese investment management company Sino-Europe Sports Investment Management Changxing Co., to which Fininvest sold a 99.93% stake of Milan for about €520 million, plus the refurbishment of the club financial debt of €220 million.[45] On 13 April 2017, the deal was completed and Rossoneri Sport Investment Lux became the new direct parent company of the club.[46] In order to finalise the deal, American hedge fund Elliott Management Corporation provided Li with a loan of €303 million (€180 million to complete the payment to Fininvest and €123 million issued directly to the club).[47][48] On 10 July 2018, Li failed to keep up with his loan repayment plan, neglecting to deposit a €32 million instalment on time in order to refinance the €303 million loan debt owed to the American hedge fund. As a result, In July 2018, chairman Li Yonghong's investment vehicle Rossoneri Champion Inv. Lux. was removed as the shareholder of Rossoneri Sport Inv. Lux., the direct parent company of the club, making the investment vehicle majority controlled by Elliott Management Corporation the sole shareholder of Rossoneri Sport Inv. Lux.[49][50][51][52]

On 27 November 2017, Montella was sacked due to poor results and replaced by former player Gennaro Gattuso.[53] Milan qualified for the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League group stage after finishing 6th in the 2017–18 Serie A season, but were banned by UEFA from European competition due to violations of Financial Fair Play regulations for failure to break-even.[54] Milan appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport and was overturned on 20 July 2018.[55][56][57]

In Gattuso's first full season in charge, Milan exceeded expectations and spent much of the campaign in the top 4. Despite winning their final 4 games, Milan missed out on the Champions League by one point.[58] After Milan's failure to qualify for the Champions League, Gattuso resigned as manager.[59] On 19 June 2019, Milan hired former Sampdoria manager Marco Giampaolo on a 2-year contract. On 28 June 2019, Milan was excluded from the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League for violating Financial Fair Play regulations for the years 2014–2017 and 2015–2018.[60]

Rossoneri fans celebrating their 2021–22 Serie A win in Piazza del Duomo, Milan

Recent history (2019-present)

After just 4 months in charge, Giampaolo was sacked after losing 4 of his first 7 games which was exacerbated by poor performances and a lack of supporter confidence. Stefano Pioli was hired as his replacement.[61] After the restart of the Serie A campaign due to the COVID-19 outbreak, Milan went on a 10 match unbeaten streak, winning 7 in the process including matches against Juventus, Lazio and Roma. This streak led to Milan abandoning their plans of hiring Ralf Rangnick as their new manager and sporting director, and instead extended Pioli's contract for a further 2 years.[62] Following a stellar start in the 2020–21 Serie A, which was a continuation of the second half of the previous season, Milan under Pioli in his first full season were led to a second-place finish in the league which was the highest finish for the team since the 2011–12 Serie A. This result allowed Milan to qualify for the 2021–22 UEFA Champions League for the following season, which would become their first appearance in the UEFA Champions League in seven years since their last appearance in the 2013–14 UEFA Champions League.

Milan secured their 19th Italian championship title on the last round of the 2021–22 season, with a club-record tally of 86 points. It was their first league title since the 2010–11 season. In the Serie A Awards, Rafael Leão was named as the league's Most valuable player, Mike Maignan as the best goalkeeper and Pioli as coach of the season.[63][64][65]

On 1 June 2022, RedBird Capital Partners agreed to acquire A.C. Milan at $1.3 billion, meanwhile Elliott Management Corporation would keep a minority stake.[66]

Colours and badge
The coat of arms of the city of Milan was the club badge of the first decades.

Red and black are the colours which have represented the club throughout its entire history. They were chosen to represent the players' fiery ardor (red) and the opponents' fear to challenge the team (black). Rossoneri, the team's widely used nickname, literally means "the red & blacks" in Italian, in reference to the colours of the stripes on its jersey.[67]

Another nickname derived from the club's colours is the Devil. An image of a red devil was used as Milan's logo at one point with a Golden Star for Sport Excellence located next to it.[68] As is customary in Italian football, the star above the logo was awarded to the club after winning 10 league titles, in 1979. For many years, Milan's badge was simply the Flag of Milan, which was originally the flag of Saint Ambrose.[68] The modern badge used today represents the club colours and the flag of the Comune di Milano, with the acronym ACM at the top and the foundation year (1899) at the bottom.[68]

White shorts and black socks are usually worn as part of the home strip. Milan's away strip has always been completely white.[69] It is considered by both the fans and the club to be a lucky strip in Champions League finals, due to the fact that Milan has won six finals out of eight in an all white strip (losing only to Ajax in 1995 and Liverpool in 2005), and only won one out of three in the home strip. The third strip, which is rarely used, changes yearly, being mostly black with red trimmings in recent seasons.

"I can't think of many shirts out there that are as recognisable as Milan's. – Our kits go beyond just the sphere of football."

— In an interview with SoccerBible, Milan player Gianluca Lapadula complimented the iconic design of Rossoneri.[70]
  • First logo of the "Milan Foot-Ball and Cricket Club", used from 1899 to 1916.
  • Milan logo used between 1936 and 1945.
  • Milan logo used between 1946 and 1979, with few variations over the years.
  • Diavoletto logo, used from 1979 to 1986, and again as secondary logo since 2018.
  • Milan logo used between 1986 and 1998.
  • Milan logo used since 1998.

Kit suppliers and shirt sponsors
Wikimedia Commons has media related to A.C. Milan kits.
Period Kit manufacturer Shirt sponsor
Brand Company Back Sleeve
1981–82 Linea Milan Pooh Jeans Italiana Manifatture None
1982–83 NR Hitachi Hitachi Europe
1983–84 Cuore
1984–85 Rolly Go Oscar Mondadori Arnoldo Mondadori Editore
1985–86 Gianni Rivera Fotorex U-Bix Olivetti
1986–87 Kappa
1987–90 Mediolanum
1990–92 Adidas
1992–93 Motta
1993–94 Lotto
1994–98 Opel General Motors
1998–06 Adidas
2006–10 Bwin
2010–18 Emirates The Emirates Group
2018–21 Puma[71][72]
2021– wefox BitMEX

Kit deals
Kit supplier Period Contract
announcement		 Contract
duration		 Value Notes
Adidas 1998–2018 9 October 2013 2013–2018 €20 million per year[73] Original contract duration: 2013–2023
Contract prematurely terminated by mutual consent
at the end of the 2017–18 season.[74]
Puma 2018–present 12 February 2018 2018–present Between €10 million and 15 million per year[75]

Anthem and mascot

"A.C. Milan Anthem - Milan Milan" debuted in 1988 and was composed by Tony Renis and Massimo Guantini.[76][77]

The official mascot designed by Warner Bros., is "Milanello", a red devil with the A.C. Milan kit and a ball.

Stadium
Main article: San Siro
View of the San Siro in 1934.
Curva Sud of the San Siro.

The team's stadium is the 75,923 seat San Siro,[13] officially known as Stadio Giuseppe Meazza after the former player who represented both Milan and Internazionale. The more commonly used name, "San Siro", is the name of the district where it is located. San Siro has been the home of Milan since 1926, when it was privately built by funding from Milan's president at the time, Piero Pirelli. Construction was performed by 120 workers, and took 13+1⁄2 months to complete. The stadium was owned by the club until it was sold to the city in 1935, and since 1947 it has been shared with Internazionale when the other major Milanese club was accepted as joint tenant.

The first game played at the stadium was on 19 September 1926, when Milan lost 6–3 in a friendly match against Internazionale. Milan played its first league game in San Siro on 19 September 1926, losing 1–2 to Sampierdarenese. From an initial capacity of 35,000 spectators, the stadium has undergone several major renovations, most recently in preparation for the 1990 FIFA World Cup when its capacity was set to 85,700, all covered with a polycarbonate roof. In the summer of 2008 its capacity was reduced to 80,018, to meet the new standards set by UEFA.

Based on the English model for stadiums, San Siro is specifically designed for football matches, as opposed to many multi-purpose stadiums used in Serie A. It is therefore renowned in Italy for its fantastic atmosphere during matches, largely thanks to the closeness of the stands to the pitch. The frequent use of flares by supporters contributes to the atmosphere but the practice has occasionally caused problems.

On 19 December 2005, Milan vice-president and executive director Adriano Galliani announced that the club was seriously working towards a relocation. He stated Milan's new stadium will be largely based on the Veltins-Arena – the home of Schalke 04 in Gelsenkirchen – and will follow the standards of football stadiums in the United States, Germany and Spain. As opposed to many other stadiums in Italy, Milan's new stadium would likely be used for football only, having no athletics track. On 11 December 2014, Barbara Berlusconi announced a proposal to build a property stadium of 42,000 seats in Portello, behind the new HQ of the Rossoneri, and the large square "Piazza Gino Valle". The new village with shopping malls and hotel is located near CityLife district and is served by the metro.[78] On 20 September 2015, however, Silvio Berlusconi called an end to his club's plans to build a new stadium in the city.[79] In 2017, new CEO Marco Fassone stated that the club may look at either staying in the San Siro or moving to a new stadium with the club hierarchy emphasising the need to increase average attendance for home games.[80]

Supporters and rivalries
Brigate Rossonere
Scene of a Derby della Madonnina in 1915.

Milan is one of the most supported football clubs in Italy, according to research conducted by Italian newspaper La Repubblica.[81] Historically, Milan was supported by the city's working class, which granted them the nickname of casciavit (which in Milanese dialect means "screwdrivers"), used until the 1960s.[82] On the other hand, crosstown rivals Inter Milan were mainly supported by the more prosperous middle class.[82] The oldest ultras groups in all of Italian football, Fossa dei Leoni, originated in Milan.[83] Currently, the main ultras group within the support base is Brigate Rossonere.[83] Milan ultras have never had any particular political preference,[83] but the media traditionally associated them with the left wing[84] until recently, when Berlusconi's presidency somewhat altered that view.[85]

According to a study from 2010, Milan is the most supported Italian team in Europe and seventh overall, with over 18.4 million fans.[86] It had the thirteenth highest average attendance of European football clubs during the 2019–20 season, behind Borussia Dortmund, Bayern Munich, Manchester United, Barcelona, Real Madrid, Inter, Schalke 04, Tottenham Hotspur, Celtic, Atlético Madrid, West Ham United and Arsenal.[87]

Brothers Giuseppe (left) and Franco (right) Baresi facing each other in the 1979–80 Milan derby

Genoa fans consider Milan a hated rival after Genoa fan Vincenzo Spagnolo was stabbed to death by a Milan supporter in January 1995.[88] Milan's main rivalry, however, is with its neighbour club, Inter Milan, where both clubs meet in the widely anticipated Derby della Madonnina twice every Serie A season. The name of the derby refers to the Blessed Virgin Mary, whose statue atop the Milan Cathedral is one of the city's main attractions. The match usually creates a lively atmosphere, with numerous (often humorous or offensive) banners unfolded before the start of the game. Flares are commonly present and contribute to the spectacle but they have occasionally led to problems, including the abandonment of the second leg of the 2004–05 Champions League quarter-final match between Milan and Inter on 12 April 2005, after a flare thrown from the crowd by an Inter supporter struck Milan goalkeeper Dida on the shoulder.[89]

The rivalry with Juventus F.C. is a rivalry between the two most titled teams in Italy. The challenge confronts also two of the clubs with greater basin of supporters as well as those with the greatest turnover and stock market value in the country.[90] The match-ups between Milan and Juventus, is regarded as the championship of Serie A, and both teams were often fighting for the top positions of the standings, sometimes even decisive for the award of the title.[91] Milan also have rivalries with Roma and Napoli.

Honours
A partial view of the club's trophy room at the Mondo Milan Museum

Milan is one of the most successful clubs in Italy, having won a total of 31 domestic honours, in addition to their 18 international successes. Milan has earned the right to place a star on its jersey in recognition of the fact that it has won at least ten scudetti. In addition, the club is permanently allowed to display a multiple-winner badge on its shirt as it has won more than five European Cups.[92]

AC Milan honours
Type Competition Titles Seasons
Domestic Serie A 19 1901, 1906, 1907, 1950–51, 1954–55, 1956–57, 1958–59, 1961–62, 1967–68, 1978–79, 1987–88, 1991–92, 1992–93, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04, 2010–11, 2021–22
Serie B 2 1980–81, 1982–83
Coppa Italia 5 1966–67, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1976–77, 2002–03
Supercoppa Italiana 7 1988, 1992, 1993, 1994, 2004, 2011, 2016
Continent European Cup / UEFA Champions League 7 1962–63, 1968–69, 1988–89, 1989–90, 1993–94, 2002–03, 2006–07
European Cup Winners' Cup 2 1967–68, 1972–73
European Super Cup / UEFA Super Cup 5s 1989, 1990, 1994, 2003, 2007
Worldwide Intercontinental Cup 3s 1969, 1989, 1990
FIFA Club World Cup 1 2007
  •   record
  • s shared record

Club statistics and records
Paolo Maldini made a record 902 appearances for Milan, including 647 in Serie A.

Paolo Maldini holds the records for both total appearances and Serie A appearances for Milan, with 902 official games played in total and 647 in Serie A (as of 31 May 2009, not including playoff matches),[93] the latter being an all-time Serie A record.[94]

Swedish forward Gunnar Nordahl scored 38 goals in the 1950–51 season, 35 of which were in Serie A, setting an Italian football and club record. He went on to become Milan's all-time top goalscorer, scoring 221 goals for the club in 268 games.[95] He is followed in second place by Andriy Shevchenko with 175 goals in 322 games, and Gianni Rivera in third place, who has scored 164 goals in 658 games. Rivera is also Milan's youngest ever goalscorer, scoring in a league match against Juventus at just 17 years.

Legendary tactician Nereo Rocco, the first proponent of catenaccio in the country, was Milan's longest-serving manager, sitting on the bench for over nine years (in two spells) in the 1960s and early 1970s, winning the club's first European Cup triumphs. Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, who purchased the club in 1986, is Milan's longest-serving president (23 years, due to a two-year vacancy between 2004 and 2006).

The first official match in which Milan participated was in the Third Federal Football Championship, the predecessor of Serie A, losing 3–0 to Torinese. Milan's largest ever victory was 13–0 against Audax Modena, in a league match at the 1914–15 season. Its heaviest defeat was recorded in the league at the 1922–23 season, beaten 0–8 by Bologna.

During the 1991–92 season, the club achieved the feature of being the first team to win the Serie A title without losing a single game. Previously, only Perugia had managed to go unbeaten over an entire Serie A season (1978–79), but finished second in the table. In total, Milan's unbeaten streak lasted 58 games, starting with a 0–0 draw against Parma on 26 May 1991 and coincidentally ending with a 1–0 home loss to Parma on 21 March 1993. This is a Serie A record as well as the third-longest unbeaten run in top flight European football, coming in behind Steaua București's record of 104 unbeaten games and Celtic's 68 game unbeaten run.[96][97]

Since 2007, along with Boca Juniors, Milan has won more FIFA recognised international club titles than any other club in the world with 18 titles.[98] They were overtaken by Al Ahly SC from Egypt after their 2014 CAF Confederation Cup win.[99]

The sale of Kaká to Real Madrid in 2009 broke the eight-year-old world football transfer record held by Zinedine Zidane, costing the Spanish club €67 million[100] (about £56 million[101]). That record, however, lasted for less than a month, broken by Cristiano Ronaldo's £80 million transfer.[102] This record, however, is in terms of nominal British pound rates, not adjusted to inflation or the real value of the euro. Madrid bought Zidane for €77.5 million in 2001,[103][104] about £46 million at that time.

Players

First team squad
As of 1 September 2022[105]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
1 GK  ROU Ciprian Tătărușanu
2 DF  ITA Davide Calabria (captain)[106]
4 MF  ALG Ismaël Bennacer
5 DF  SEN Fodé Ballo-Touré
7 MF  FRA Yacine Adli
8 MF  ITA Sandro Tonali
9 FW  FRA Olivier Giroud
10 MF  ESP Brahim Díaz (on loan from Real Madrid)[107]
11 FW  SWE Zlatan Ibrahimović
12 FW  CRO Ante Rebić
14 MF  FRA Tiémoué Bakayoko (on loan from Chelsea)[108]
16 GK  FRA Mike Maignan
17 FW  POR Rafael Leão
19 DF  FRA Theo Hernandez (vice-captain)[106]
20 DF  FRA Pierre Kalulu
No. Pos. Nation Player
21 DF  USA Sergiño Dest (on loan from Barcelona)[109]
22 FW  SRB Marko Lazetić
23 DF  ENG Fikayo Tomori
24 DF  DEN Simon Kjær
25 DF  ITA Alessandro Florenzi
27 FW  BEL Divock Origi
28 DF  GER Malick Thiaw
30 FW  BRA Junior Messias
32 MF  ITA Tommaso Pobega
33 MF  BIH Rade Krunić
40 MF  BEL Aster Vranckx (on loan from Wolfsburg)[110]
46 DF  ITA Matteo Gabbia
56 FW  BEL Alexis Saelemaekers
83 GK  ITA Antonio Mirante
90 MF  BEL Charles De Ketelaere

Out on loan
As of 1 September 2022

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
— DF  ITA Gabriele Bellodi (at Olbia until 30 June 2023)[111]
— DF  ITA Mattia Caldara (at Spezia until 30 June 2023)[112]
— MF  ITA Marco Brescianini (at Cosenza until 30 June 2023)[113]
— MF  ITA Daniel Maldini (at Spezia until 30 June 2023)[114]
— MF  CRO Antonio Mionić (at Alessandria until 30 June 2023)[115]
No. Pos. Nation Player
— FW  BRA Luan Capanni (at Estrela da Amadora until 30 June 2023)[116]
— FW  ITA Lorenzo Colombo (at Lecce until 30 June 2023)[117]
— FW  ITA Marco Nasti (at Cosenza until 30 June 2023)[118]
— FW  SWE Emil Roback (at Nordsjælland until 30 June 2023)[119]

Youth Sector

List of Youth Sector players with a first-team shirt number

As of 1 September 2022[120]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
88 MF  ITA Antonio Gala
92 GK  ITA Lapo Nava
No. Pos. Nation Player
93 DF  ROU Andrei Coubiș
96 GK  DEN Andreas Jungdal

Retired numbers
No. Player Nationality Position Milan debut Last match Ref
3* Paolo Maldini  Italy Centre back / Left back 20 January 1985 31 May 2009 [121]
6 Franco Baresi  Italy Sweeper 23 April 1978 1 June 1997 [121]

* Might be restored for one of his two sons, should either of them play professionally for the club.

Coaching staff
As of 9 October 2020[122]
Position Name
Head coach Stefano Pioli
Assistant coach Giacomo Murelli
Fitness coaches Luca Monguzzi
Matteo Osti
Roberto Peressutti
Marco Vago
Technical assistants Daniele Bonera
Davide Lucarelli
Gianmarco Pioli
Luciano Vulcano
Goalkeeping coaches Emiliano Betti
Luigi Turci
Team manager Andrea Romeo
Sporting Director Frederic Massara
Technical Director Paolo Maldini

Chairmen and managers

Chairmen history
Alfred Edwards, the first chairman of the club in 1899–1909

Milan has had numerous chairmen[nb 1] over the course of its history. Here is a complete list of them.[123]

 
Name Years
Alfred Edwards 1899–1909
Piero Pirelli 1909–1928
Luigi Ravasco 1928–1930
Mario Benazzoli 1930–1933
Commission 1933
Luigi Ravasco 1933–1935
Pietro Annoni 1935–1936
Regency 1936
Emilio Colombo 1936–1939
Achille Invernizzi 1939–1940
Commission 1940–1944
  
Name Years
Regency 1944–1945
Umberto Trabattoni 1945–1954
Andrea Rizzoli 1954–1963
Felice Riva 1963–1965
Commission 1965–1966
Luigi Carraro 1966–1967
Franco Carraro 1967–1971
Federico Sordillo 1971–1972
Albino Buticchi 1972–1975
Bruno Pardi 1975–1976
Vittorio Duina 1976–1977
  
Name Years
Felice Colombo 1977–1980
Gaetano Morazzoni 1980–1982
Giuseppe Farina 1982–1986
Rosario Lo Verde 1986
Silvio Berlusconi 1986–2004
Regency 2004–2006
Silvio Berlusconi 2006–2008
Regency 2008–2017
Li Yonghong 2017–2018
Paolo Scaroni 2018–

Managerial history
Nereo Rocco, the most successful manager in the history of AC Milan with 10 trophies

Below is a list of Milan managers from 1900 until the present day.[124]

 
Name Nationality Years
Herbert Kilpin 1900–1908
Daniele Angeloni 1906–1907
Technical Commission 1907–1910
Giovanni Camperio 1910–1911
Technical Commission 1911–1914
Guido Moda 1915–1922
Ferdi Oppenheim 1922–1924
Vittorio Pozzo 1924–1926
Guido Moda 1926
Herbert Burgess 1926–1928
Engelbert König 1928–1931
József Bánás 1931–1933
József Viola 1933–1934
Adolfo Baloncieri 1934–1937
William Garbutt 1937
Hermann Felsner
József Bánás
1937–1938
József Viola 1938–1940
Guido Ara
Antonio Busini
1940–1941
Mario Magnozzi 1941–1943
Giuseppe Santagostino 1943–1945
Adolfo Baloncieri 1945–1946
Giuseppe Bigogno 1946–1949
Lajos Czeizler 1949–1952
Gunnar Gren 1952
Mario Sperone 1952–1953
Béla Guttmann 1953–1954
Antonio Busini 1954
Hector Puricelli 1954–1956
Giuseppe Viani 1957–1960
Paolo Todeschini 1960–1961
Nereo Rocco 1961–1963
Luis Carniglia 1963–1964
Nils Liedholm 1963–1966
Giovanni Cattozzo 1966
Arturo Silvestri 1966–1967
Nereo Rocco 1967–1972
Cesare Maldini 1973–1974
Giovanni Trapattoni 1974
  
Name Nationality Years
Gustavo Giagnoni 1974–1975
Nereo Rocco 1975
Paolo Barison 1975–1976
Giovanni Trapattoni 1976
Giuseppe Marchioro 1976–1977
Nereo Rocco 1977
Nils Liedholm 1977–1979
Massimo Giacomini 1979–1981
Italo Galbiati 1981
Luigi Radice 1981–1982
Italo Galbiati 1982
Francesco Zagatti 1982
Ilario Castagner 1982–1984
Italo Galbiati 1984
Nils Liedholm 1984–1987
Fabio Capello 1987
Arrigo Sacchi 1987–1991
Fabio Capello 1991–1996
Óscar Tabárez
Giorgio Morini
1996
Arrigo Sacchi 1996–1997
Fabio Capello 1997–1998
Alberto Zaccheroni 1998–2001
Cesare Maldini
Mauro Tassotti		 2001
Fatih Terim
Antonio Di Gennaro
2001
Carlo Ancelotti 2001–2009
Leonardo 2009–2010
Massimiliano Allegri 2010–2014
Mauro Tassotti (caretaker) 2014
Clarence Seedorf 2014
Filippo Inzaghi 2014–2015
Siniša Mihajlović 2015–2016
Cristian Brocchi 2016
Vincenzo Montella 2016–2017
Gennaro Gattuso 2017–2019
Marco Giampaolo 2019
Stefano Pioli 2019–

AC Milan as a company
AC Milan headquarter in Milan
Entrance to the AC Milan training facility Centro sportivo Milanello

On 13 April 2017 Milan became a subsidiary of Rossoneri Sport Investment Luxembourg, which acquired 99.92973% shares of AC Milan S.p.A. from Fininvest. Li Yonghong became the new chairman[nb 1] and Marco Fassone was confirmed as CEO. The other members of the board of directors were Roberto Cappelli, David Han Li, Lu Bo (Chinese: 路博 of Haixia Capital[125]), Marco Patuano, Paolo Scaroni and Xu Renshuo.[126] (Chinese: 许仁硕)[125] However, Li Yonghong's investment vehicle was removed as the shareholder of Rossoneri Sport Investment Luxembourg on 10 July after defaulted in a pledge to Elliott Management Corporation, which lent a large sum of money to Li in 2017 to finalise the acquisition.[127][128] Other partners of Elliott were Arena Investors[128] and Blue Skye, according to news reports.[129]

Elliott nominated new board of directors for both Rossoneri Sport Investment Luxembourg and Milan, with Paolo Scaroni as the new chairman (Italian: presidente) of the board of Milan and interim CEO. The four previous Chinese member of the board and former CEO Marco Fassone were all dismissed.[130]

According to The Football Money League published by consultants Deloitte, in the 2005–06 season, Milan was the fifth-highest earning football club in the world with an estimated revenue of €233.7 million.[131] However, it fell to eighth in 2011–12 season,[132] tenth in 2012–13 and twelfth in 2013–14 season. The club is also ranked as the eighth-wealthiest football club in the world by Forbes magazine as of 2014, making it the wealthiest in Italian football, just surpassing ninth-ranked Juventus by a narrow margin.[15]

Emirates is the current main sponsor for Milan's shirt starting from the 2010–11 season and through to the 2019–20 season.[133] This follows a four-year relationship with Austrian online betting company bwin.com as sponsor.[134]

Previously, German car manufacturer Opel (owned by General Motors) had sponsored Milan for 12 seasons.[135] For most of those 12 years, "Opel" was displayed on the front of the shirt, but in the 2003–04 and the 2005–06 seasons respectively, "Meriva" and "Zafira" (two cars from the company's range) were displayed.

The current shirts are supplied by Puma. Previously it was supplied by German sportswear manufacturer Adidas, whose deal was scheduled to run until 2023.[136] The deal made Adidas the official manufacturer of all kits, training equipment and replica outfits. However, an early termination of the deal was announced in October 2017,[137] effective on 30 June 2018. Prior to Adidas, the Italian sports company Lotto produced Milan's sportswear.

AC Milan Group made an aggregate net loss in recent years, which was one of the largest among the Italian clubs, notably: 2005, net loss of €4.5 million (separate account);[138] 2006, a net income of €11.9 million[138] (mainly contributed by the sales of Andriy Shevchenko);[139] 2007, a net loss of €32 million;[140] 2008, a net loss of €77 million;[141] 2009, a net loss of €19 million[100] (the decreased net loss was mainly contributed by the sales of Kaká);[142] 2010, a net loss of €65 million;[143] in 2011, a net loss of €67.334 million,[144] in 2012, a net loss of €6.857 million[145] (contributed by the sales of Thiago Silva and Zlatan Ibrahimović).[146] and in 2013, a net loss of €15.7 million[147] (with some contribution by the sales of Kevin-Prince Boateng and Alexandre Pato[148][146] and other players, as well as decrease in wage bill.[149])

As a consequence of the aggregate 2.5-year financial result in the reporting periods ending at 31 December 2015, 31 December 2016 and 30 June 2017 (a FFP-adjusted net loss of €146 million, €121 million in excess of the acceptable deviation in the regulation[150]: 9 ), Milan was initially banned from European competitions due to breach in UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations. However, the European ban was lifted by an appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport.[150] Milan was allowed to achieve the break even condition on or before 30 June 2021.[151]

AC Milan Group
consolidated financial statement
(In millions of euros)
YearRevenueProfitTotal AssetsEquityRe-capitalization
2006[152]00 305.1110000 11.90400 287.065 −40.768 001.464
2007[153] 275.442 −031.716 303.678 −47.483 025.000
2008[141][154] 237.900 −066.838 325.625 −64.482 050.000
2009[155] (restated)[143] 307.349 −009.836 394.150 −71.978 002.340
2010[143][156] 253.196 −069.751 380.868 −96.693 045.068
2011[157] 266.811 −067.334 363.756 −77.091 087.060
2012[145] 329.307 −006.857 334.284 −54.948 029.000
2013[147] 278.713 −015.723 354.595 −66.921 003.750
2014[158][159] 233.574 −091.285 291.301 −94.206[nb 2] 064.000
2015 (restated)[160] 213.426 −089.079 362.156 −50.557 150.000
2016[161] 236.128 −074.871 315.200 −50.427 075.000
2017 (first half)[162][163][164] 102.866 −032.624 447.557 029.969 059.520 + 53.500
2017–18 255.733[165]: 42 [166][167] −126.019[165]: 43 [166][167] 435.166[165]: 40  −36.043[165]: 41 [167] 038.88[168] + 21.1032[169] (59.983)[165]: 115 
2018–19 242.637[170] −145.985[170] 455.954 82.286
2019–20 192.317[171] −194.616[171] 380.588[171] 34.124[171]

Note: Re-capitalization figures were obtained from item versamenti soci in conto capitale e/o copertura perdite, for 2006 to 2017 financial year

Superleague Formula

Milan had a team in the Superleague Formula race car series where teams are sponsored by football clubs. Robert Doornbos, formerly driving for Minardi and Red Bull Racing in the Formula One World Championship, drove for Milan in 2008.[172] Doornbos won his first race for the team at Nürburgring, Germany. Giorgio Pantano is driving for Milan in the 2009 season and he has also won races for the team.[173] The team folded in 2010 along with the series in 2011.

See also
  • European Club Association
  • Dynasties in Italian football

Notes
  1. the Italian word for chairman of the board of directors was Presidente. However, it was not equal to the English meaning of president of a company.
  2. The full restated financial statement of 2014 was not available; in 2016 Annual Report, the equity at the end of 2014 financial year was stated as negative 111.616 million

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