List of heads of state of Pakistan
This is a list of the heads of state of Pakistan, from the foundation of Pakistan in 1947 to the present day. The current head of state of Pakistan is Arif Alvi, elected in 2018 after being nominated by PTI, the party run by then Prime Minister Imran Khan.
Politics of Pakistan |
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From 1947 to 1956 the head of state was the Pakistani monarch, who was the same person as the monarch of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms. The Monarch was represented in Pakistan by the Governor-General. Pakistan became a republic under the Constitution of 1956 and the Monarch and Governor-General were replaced by a ceremonial President.
Monarch (1947–1956)
The succession to the throne of Pakistan was the same as the succession to the British throne.
| No. | Portrait | Regnal name (Birth–Death) |
Reign | Full name | Consort | Royal House | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Start | End | ||||||
| 1 |  |
George VI (1895–1952) |
14 August 1947 | 6 February 1952 | Albert Frederick Arthur George | Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon | Windsor |
| Governors-general: Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin, Sir Ghulam Muhammad Prime ministers: Liaquat Ali Khan, Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin | |||||||
| 2 |  |
Elizabeth II (1926–2022) |
6 February 1952 | 23 March 1956 | Elizabeth Alexandra Mary | Philip Mountbatten | Windsor |
| Governors-general: Sir Ghulam Muhammad, Iskander Mirza Prime ministers: Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin, Mohammad Ali Bogra, Chaudhry Muhammad Ali | |||||||
Governors-General
The Governor-General was the representative of the monarch in Pakistan and exercised most of the powers of the monarch. The Governor-General was appointed for an indefinite term, serving at the pleasure of the monarch. After the passage of the Statute of Westminster 1931, the Governor-General was appointed solely on the advice of the Cabinet of Pakistan without the involvement of the British government. In the event of a vacancy the Chief Justice served as Officer Administering the Government.
| No. | Picture | Name (birth–death) |
Took office | Left office | Monarch |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  |
Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876–1948) |
14 August 1947[lower-alpha 1] | 11 September 1948 (died in office) |
.jpg.webp) George VI (1947–1952) |
| 2 |  |
Sir Khawaja Nazimuddin (1894–1964) |
11 September 1948[lower-alpha 2] | 17 October 1951 (became prime minister) | |
| 3 |  |
Sir Ghulam Muhammad (1895–1956) |
17 October 1951[lower-alpha 3] | 7 August 1955 (dismissed) | |
.jpg.webp) Elizabeth II (1952–1956) | |||||
| 4 |  |
Iskander Mirza (1899–1969) |
7 August 1955[lower-alpha 4] | 23 March 1956 (became president) |
Timeline
President of Pakistan
| Party name | |
|---|---|
| Republican Party | |
| Muslim League (C) | |
| Armed Forces | |
| Independent | |
| Muslim League (Q) | |
| Peoples Party | |
| Muslim League (N) | |
| Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf |
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Elected | Took office | Left office | Political party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | |
Iskander Mirza اسکندر مرزا (1899–1969) |
1956 | 23 March 1956 | 27 October 1958 | Republican Party |
| 2 |  |
Ayub Khan ایوب خان (1907–1974) |
—[lower-alpha 5] | 27 October 1958 | 8 June 1962 | — |
| (2) | 1965 | 8 June 1962 | 12 June 1965 | Pakistan Muslim League PML (C) | ||
| — | |
Mohammad Afzal Cheema محمد افضل چیمہ (1913–2008) Acting |
— | 8 June 1962 | 29 November 1963 | — |
| — | |
Fazlul Qadir Chaudhry فضل قادر چوہدھری (1919–1973) Acting |
— | 29 November 1963 | 12 June 1965 | Pakistan Muslim League (C) |
| (2) | |
Ayub Khan ایوب خان (1907–1974) |
1965 | 12 June 1965 | 25 March 1969 | Pakistan Muslim League (C) |
| 3 |  |
Yahya Khan یحییٰ خان (1917–1980) |
— | 25 March 1969 [5] | 20 December 1971 | — |
| 4 | .jpg.webp) |
Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto ذولفقار علی بھٹو (1928–1979) |
1971 | 20 December 1971 | 14 August 1973 | Pakistan Peoples Party |
| 5 |  |
Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry فضل الہی چودھری (1904–1982) |
1973 | 14 August 1973 | 20 April 1978 | Pakistan Peoples Party |
| — | |
Sheikh Anwarul Haq شیخ انوار الحق (1917–1995) Acting |
— | 20 April 1978 | 7 May 1978 | Pakistan Peoples Party |
| (5) | |
Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry ٖفضل الہی چودھری (1904–1982) |
1973 | 7 May 1978 | 16 September 1978 | Pakistan Peoples Party |
| 6 | .jpg.webp) |
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq محمد ضیا الحق (1924–1988) |
— | 16 September 1978 | 17 August 1988 | — |
| 7 | .JPG.webp) |
Ghulam Ishaq Khan غلام اسحاق خان (1915–2006) |
1988 | 17 August 1988 | 18 July 1993 | Independent |
| — | |
Wasim Sajjad وسیم سجاد (born 1941) Acting |
— | 18 July 1993 | 14 November 1993 | Pakistan Muslim League (N) |
| 8 | .jpg.webp) |
Farooq Leghari فارق لغاری (1940–2010) |
1993 | 14 November 1993 | 2 December 1997 | Pakistan Peoples Party |
| — | |
Wasim Sajjad وسیم سجاد (born 1941) Acting |
— | 2 December 1997 | 1 January 1998 | Pakistan Muslim League (N) |
| 9 | .jpg.webp) |
Muhammad Rafiq Tarar محمد رفیق تارڑ (1929–2022) |
1997 | 1 January 1998 | 20 June 2001 | Pakistan Muslim League (N) |
| 10 |  |
Pervez Musharraf پرویز مشرف (born 1943) |
2004[lower-alpha 6] | 20 June 2001 | 6 October 2007 | — |
| (10) | 2007 | 6 October 2007 | 18 August 2008 | Pakistan Muslim League (Q) | ||
| — |  |
Muhammad Mian Soomro محمد میاں سومرہ (born 1950) Acting |
— | 18 August 2008 | 9 September 2008 | Pakistan Muslim League (N) |
| 11 |  |
Asif Ali Zardari آصف علی زرداری (born 1955) |
2008 | 9 September 2008 | 9 September 2013 | Pakistan Peoples Party |
| 12 |  |
Mamnoon Hussain ممنون حسین (1941–2021) |
2013 | 9 September 2013 | 9 September 2018 | Pakistan Muslim League (N) |
| 13 |  |
Arif Alvi ڈاکٹر عارف علوی (born 1949) |
2018 | 9 September 2018 | Incumbent | Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf |
See also
- Governor-General of Pakistan
- Vice President of Pakistan
- List international trips made by the President of Pakistan
- List of prime ministers of Pakistan
- Military coups in Pakistan
- History of Pakistan
- Politics of Pakistan
- Political history of Pakistan
- Constitution of Pakistan of 1956
- Constitution of Pakistan of 1962
Notes
- Appointed by King George VI.[1]
- Recommended by Liaqat Ali Khan to King George VI.[2]
- Recommended by Khawaja Nazimuddin to King George VI.[3]
- Recommended by Mohammad Ali Bogra to Queen Elizabeth II.[4]
- Seized power in the 1958 coup d'état.
- Musharraf took vote of confidence from the electoral college of Pakistan and elected himself as a President of Pakistan.[6]
References
- "Transfer of power and Jinnah". 4 February 2013.
- "Pakistan Affairs". 1948.
- "Ghulam Muhammad | governor general of Pakistan".
- Syed Nur Ahmad (2019), From Martial Law To Martial Law: Politics In The Punjab, 1919-1958, Taylor & Francis, ISBN 9780429716560
- Shahid Javed Burki, Craig Baxter Pakistan Under The Military: Eleven Years Of Zia Ul-haq (WESTVIEW SPECIAL STUDIES ON SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA) 1st Edition https://www.amazon.com/Pakistan-Under-Military-WESTVIEW-SOUTHEAST/dp/0813379857
- Waldman, Amy (2 January 2004). "Pakistan gives Musharraf confidence vote as president". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 January 2013.
External links
| Monarch (1947–1956) | | |
|---|---|---|
| President (from 1956) | ||
§Head of the military regime *Acting President | ||
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