Nitrogen oxide

Nitrogen oxide may refer to a binary compound of oxygen and nitrogen, or a mixture of such compounds:

Charge-neutral

  • Nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen(II) oxide, or nitrogen monoxide
  • Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrogen(IV) oxide
  • Nitrogen trioxide (NO3), or nitrate radical
  • Nitrous oxide (N2O), nitrogen(0,II) oxide
  • Dinitrogen dioxide (N2O2), nitrogen(II) oxide dimer
  • Dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3), nitrogen(II,IV) oxide
  • Dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), nitrogen(IV) oxide dimer
  • Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5), nitrogen(V) oxide, or nitronium nitrate [NO2]+[NO3]
  • Nitrosylazide (N4O), nitrogen(−I,0,I,II) oxide
  • Nitryl azide (N4O2)
  • Oxatetrazole (N4O)
  • Trinitramide (N(NO2)3 or N4O6), nitrogen(0,IV) oxide

Anions

  • Nitroxide (O=N)
  • Nitrite (O=N−O or NO2)
  • Nitrate (NO3)
  • Peroxynitrite (O=N−O−O or NO3)
  • Peroxynitrate (O2N−O−O or NO4)
  • Orthonitrate (NO3−4, analogous to phosphate PO3−4)
  • Hyponitrite (O−N=N−O or N2O2−2)
  • Trioxodinitrate or hyponitrate ([O2NNO]2− or [N2O3]2−)
  • Nitroxylate ((O−)2N−N(−O)2 or N2O4−4)
  • Dinitramide (O2N−N−NO2 or N3O4)

Cations

  • Nitrosonium (N≡O+ or [NO]+)
  • Nitronium (O=N+=O or [NO2]+)

Atmospheric sciences

In atmospheric chemistry:

  • NOx (or NOx) refers to the sum of NO and NO2.[1][2]
  • NOy (or NOy) refers to the sum of NOx and all oxidized atmospheric odd-nitrogen species (e.g. the sum of NOx, HNO3, HNO2, etc.)
  • NOz (or NOz) = NOyNOx

Stability

Due to relatively weak N–O bonding, all nitrogen oxides are unstable with respect to N2 and O2, which is the principle behind the catalytic converter and prevents the combustion of the atmosphere.

See also

  • Nitrate
  • Nitrogen oxide sensor
  • Sulfur nitrides, which are valence isoelectronic with nitrogen oxides

References

  1. United States Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. § 7602
  2. Seinfeld, John H.; Pandis, Spyros N. (1997), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change, Wiley-Interscience, ISBN 0-471-17816-0
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