List of Scottish football champions
The Scottish football champions are the winners of the highest league in Scottish football, namely the Scottish Football League (SFL) from 1890 until 1998, the Scottish Premier League (SPL) from 1998 until 2013 and the Scottish Premiership thereafter.
Scottish football champions |
|---|
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The trophies awarded to the Scottish champions prior to 1998 (top) and subsequently |
Founded |
1890 |
Editions completed |
125 |
Number of teams |
12 |
Current champions |
Country |
Scotland |
Most titles won |
Rangers (55 times champions, including 1 shared) |
The SFL was established in 1890, initially as an amateur league until professionalism in Scottish football was legalised in 1893.[1] At the end of the first season Dumbarton and Rangers finished level on points at the top of the table. The rules in force at the time required that the teams contest a play-off match for the championship, which finished in a 2–2 draw, and the first ever championship was thus shared between two clubs, the only occasion on which this has happened.[2] In 1893 a lower division was formed, with the existing division renamed Division One. The higher tier continued during World War I but the league was suspended altogether during World War II.[3] Although there were several short spells when a third level was created, the two-division structure remained largely in place until 1975, when a major re-organisation of the league led to a new three-tier setup and the creation of a new Premier Division at the highest level. In 1998, the teams then in the Premier Division broke away to form the SPL, which supplanted the Premier Division as the highest level of football in Scotland.[4] The SPL and SFL merged in 2013 to form the Scottish Professional Football League (SPFL), which branded its top division as the Scottish Premiership.[5]
Throughout its existence the championship of Scottish football has been dominated by two Glasgow clubs, Celtic and Rangers. The two rivals, who are collectively known as the "Old Firm", have claimed the vast majority of league titles. As of 2022, Rangers have won 55 and Celtic 52, while no other club has won the title on more than four occasions. No club outside the Old Firm has won the title since the 1984–85 season, when the Aberdeen side managed by Alex Ferguson won the Premier Division.[6] The current 37-year period of dominance by the Old Firm is a record; the previous longest streak was 27 years, between 1904 and 1931. Each of the Old Firm clubs has managed a run of nine consecutive championships: Celtic from 1966 to 1974 and again from 2012 to 2020,[7] and Rangers from 1989 to 1997. Each of the two clubs has also claimed the double, by winning the league and the Scottish Cup in the same season, on many occasions.[8] As of the end of the 2021–22 season, Celtic have won 19 doubles and Rangers 18. Only Linfield in Northern Ireland (24) and South China in Hong Kong (20) have won more doubles.[9] The only other club to have won a league and Scottish Cup double is Aberdeen, in 1983–84.[9] Additionally, both old Firm clubs have completed a treble seven times by also winning the Scottish League Cup.[9][10] In the 1966–67 season, Celtic took all three domestic trophies, and also won the European Cup to complete the only quadruple to date.[11]
Champions
Key:
| Club won the Scottish Cup |
| Club won the Scottish League Cup |
| Club won both domestic cups |
Scottish Football League (1890–1893)
| Season | Champions[12] | Runners-up[12] | Third place[12] | Top scorer(s)[13] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Goals | ||||
| 1890–91 | Dumbarton (1) and Rangers (1)[lower-alpha 1] |
Celtic | Jack Bell (Dumbarton) | 20 | |
| 1891–92 | Dumbarton (2) | Celtic | Heart of Midlothian | Jack Bell (Dumbarton) | 23 |
| 1892–93 | Celtic (1) | Rangers | St Mirren | Sandy McMahon (Celtic) John Campbell (Celtic) | 11 |
Scottish Football League Division One (1893–1946)
| Season | Champions[12] | Runners-up[12] | Third place[12] | Top scorer(s)[13] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Goals | ||||
| 1893–94 | Celtic (2) | Heart of Midlothian | St Bernard's | Sandy McMahon (Celtic) | 16 |
| 1894–95 | Heart of Midlothian (1) | Celtic | Rangers | John Miller (Clyde) | 12 |
| 1895–96 | Celtic (3) | Rangers | Hibernian | Allan Martin (Celtic) | 19 |
| 1896–97 | Heart of Midlothian (2) | Hibernian | Rangers | Willie Taylor (Heart of Midlothian) | 12 |
| 1897–98 | Celtic (4) | Rangers | Hibernian | Robert Hamilton (Rangers) | 18 |
| 1898–99 | Rangers (2) | Heart of Midlothian | Celtic | Robert Hamilton (Rangers) | 25 |
| 1899–1900 | Rangers (3) | Celtic | Hibernian | Robert Hamilton (Rangers) William Michael (Heart of Midlothian) | 15 |
| 1900–01 | Rangers (4) | Celtic | Hibernian | Robert Hamilton (Rangers) | 20 |
| 1901–02 | Rangers (5) | Celtic | Heart of Midlothian | William Maxwell (Third Lanark) | 10 |
| 1902–03 | Hibernian (1) | Dundee | Rangers | David Reid (Hibernian) | 14 |
| 1903–04 | Third Lanark (1) | Heart of Midlothian | Celtic and Rangers |
Robert Hamilton (Rangers) | 28 |
| 1904–05 | Celtic (5)[lower-alpha 2] | Rangers | Third Lanark | Robert Hamilton (Rangers) Jimmy Quinn (Celtic) | 19 |
| 1905–06 | Celtic (6) | Heart of Midlothian | Airdrieonians | Jimmy Quinn (Celtic) | 20 |
| 1906–07 | Celtic (7) | Dundee | Rangers | Jimmy Quinn (Celtic) | 29 |
| 1907–08 | Celtic (8) | Falkirk | Rangers | Jock Simpson (Falkirk) | 32 |
| 1908–09 | Celtic (9) | Dundee | Clyde | John Hunter (Dundee) | 29 |
| 1909–10 | Celtic (10) | Falkirk | Rangers | Jimmy Quinn (Celtic) Jock Simpson (Falkirk) | 24 |
| 1910–11 | Rangers (6) | Aberdeen | Falkirk | Willie Reid (Rangers) | 38 |
| 1911–12 | Rangers (7) | Celtic | Clyde | Willie Reid (Rangers) | 33 |
| 1912–13 | Rangers (8) | Celtic | Airdrieonians and Heart of Midlothian |
James Reid (Airdrieonians) | 30 |
| 1913–14 | Celtic (11) | Rangers | Heart of Midlothian and Morton |
James Reid (Airdrieonians) | 27 |
| 1914–15 | Celtic (12) | Heart of Midlothian | Rangers | Tom Gracie (Heart of Midlothian) James Richardson (Ayr United) | 29 |
| 1915–16 | Celtic (13) | Rangers | Morton | Jimmy McColl (Celtic) | 34 |
| 1916–17 | Celtic (14) | Morton | Rangers | Bert Yarnall (Airdrieonians) | 39 |
| 1917–18 | Rangers (9) | Celtic | Kilmarnock and Morton |
Hughie Ferguson (Motherwell) | 35 |
| 1918–19 | Celtic (15) | Rangers | Morton | David McLean (Rangers) | 29 |
| 1919–20 | Rangers (10) | Celtic | Motherwell | Hughie Ferguson (Motherwell) | 33 |
| 1920–21 | Rangers (11) | Celtic | Heart of Midlothian | Hughie Ferguson (Motherwell) | 43 |
| 1921–22 | Celtic (16) | Rangers | Raith Rovers | Duncan Walker (St Mirren) | 45 |
| 1922–23 | Rangers (12) | Airdrieonians | Celtic | Jock White (Heart of Midlothian) | 30 |
| 1923–24 | Rangers (13) | Airdrieonians | Celtic | Dave Halliday (Dundee) | 38 |
| 1924–25 | Rangers (14) | Airdrieonians | Hibernian | William Devlin (Cowdenbeath) | 33 |
| 1925–26 | Celtic (17) | Airdrieonians | Heart of Midlothian | William Devlin (Cowdenbeath) | 40 |
| 1926–27 | Rangers (15) | Motherwell | Celtic | Jimmy McGrory (Celtic) | 49 |
| 1927–28 | Rangers (16) | Celtic | Motherwell | Jimmy McGrory (Celtic) | 47 |
| 1928–29 | Rangers (17) | Celtic | Motherwell | Evelyn Morrison (Falkirk) | 43 |
| 1929–30 | Rangers (18) | Motherwell | Aberdeen | Benny Yorston (Aberdeen) | 38 |
| 1930–31 | Rangers (19) | Celtic | Motherwell | Barney Battles, Jr. (Heart of Midlothian) | 44 |
| 1931–32 | Motherwell (1) | Rangers | Celtic | Willie MacFadyen (Motherwell) | 52 |
| 1932–33 | Rangers (20) | Motherwell | Heart of Midlothian | Willie MacFadyen (Motherwell) | 45 |
| 1933–34 | Rangers (21) | Motherwell | Celtic | Jimmy Smith (Rangers) | 41 |
| 1934–35 | Rangers (22) | Celtic | Heart of Midlothian | Jimmy Smith (Rangers) | 36 |
| 1935–36 | Celtic (18) | Rangers | Aberdeen | Jimmy McGrory (Celtic) | 50 |
| 1936–37 | Rangers (23) | Aberdeen | Celtic | David Wilson (Hamilton Academical) | 34 |
| 1937–38 | Celtic (19) | Heart of Midlothian | Rangers | Andy Black (Heart of Midlothian) | 40 |
| 1938–39 | Rangers (24) | Celtic | Aberdeen | Alex Venters (Rangers) | 35 |
| 1939–46 | Suspended due to World War II. Unofficial leagues (Emergency League and regional North Eastern League and Southern League) held. | ||||
Scottish Football League Division 'A' (1946–1955)
| Season | Champions[12] | Runners-up[12] | Third place[12] | Top scorer(s)[13] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Goals | ||||
| 1946–47 | Rangers (25) | Hibernian | Aberdeen | Bobby Mitchell (Third Lanark) | 22 |
| 1947–48 | Hibernian (2) | Rangers | Partick Thistle | Archie Aikman (Falkirk) | 20 |
| 1948–49 | Rangers (26) | Dundee | Hibernian | Alex Stott (Dundee) | 30 |
| 1949–50 | Rangers (27) | Hibernian | Heart of Midlothian | Willie Bauld (Heart of Midlothian) | 30 |
| 1950–51 | Hibernian (3) | Rangers | Dundee | Lawrie Reilly (Hibernian) | 22 |
| 1951–52 | Hibernian (4) | Rangers | East Fife | Lawrie Reilly (Hibernian) | 27 |
| 1952–53 | Rangers (28) | Hibernian | East Fife | Lawrie Reilly (Hibernian) Charlie Fleming (East Fife) | 30 |
| 1953–54 | Celtic (20) | Heart of Midlothian | Partick Thistle | Jimmy Wardhaugh (Heart of Midlothian) | 27 |
| 1954–55 | Aberdeen (1) | Celtic | Rangers | Willie Bauld (Heart of Midlothian) | 21 |
Scottish Football League Division One (1955–1975)
| Season | Champions[12] | Runners-up[12] | Third place[12] | Top scorer(s)[13] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Goals | ||||
| 1955–56 | Rangers (29) | Aberdeen | Heart of Midlothian | Jimmy Wardhaugh (Heart of Midlothian) | 28 |
| 1956–57 | Rangers (30) | Heart of Midlothian | Kilmarnock | Hugh Baird (Airdrieonians) | 33 |
| 1957–58 | Heart of Midlothian (3) | Rangers | Celtic | Jimmy Wardhaugh (Heart of Midlothian) Jimmy Murray (Heart of Midlothian) | 28 |
| 1958–59 | Rangers (31) | Heart of Midlothian | Motherwell | Joe Baker (Hibernian) | 25 |
| 1959–60 | Heart of Midlothian (4) | Kilmarnock | Rangers | Joe Baker (Hibernian) | 42 |
| 1960–61 | Rangers (32) | Kilmarnock | Third Lanark | Alex Harley (Third Lanark) | 42 |
| 1961–62 | Dundee (1) | Rangers | Celtic | Alan Gilzean (Dundee) | 24 |
| 1962–63 | Rangers (33) | Kilmarnock | Partick Thistle | Jimmy Millar (Rangers) | 27 |
| 1963–64 | Rangers (34) | Kilmarnock | Celtic | Alan Gilzean (Dundee) | 32 |
| 1964–65 | Kilmarnock (1) | Heart of Midlothian | Dunfermline Athletic | Jim Forrest (Rangers) | 30 |
| 1965–66 | Celtic (21) | Rangers | Kilmarnock | Joe McBride (Celtic) Alex Ferguson (Dunfermline Athletic) | 31 |
| 1966–67 | Celtic (22)[lower-alpha 3] | Rangers | Clyde | Stevie Chalmers (Celtic) | 21 |
| 1967–68 | Celtic (23) | Rangers | Hibernian | Bobby Lennox (Celtic) | 32 |
| 1968–69 | Celtic (24) | Rangers | Dunfermline Athletic | Kenny Cameron (Dundee United) | 26 |
| 1969–70 | Celtic (25) | Rangers | Hibernian | Colin Stein (Rangers) | 24 |
| 1970–71 | Celtic (26) | Aberdeen | St Johnstone | Harry Hood (Celtic) | 22 |
| 1971–72 | Celtic (27) | Aberdeen | Rangers[lower-alpha 4] | Joe Harper (Aberdeen) | 33 |
| 1972–73 | Celtic (28) | Rangers | Hibernian | Alan Gordon (Hibernian) | 27 |
| 1973–74 | Celtic (29) | Hibernian | Rangers | Dixie Deans (Celtic) | 26 |
| 1974–75 | Rangers (35) | Hibernian | Celtic | Andy Gray (Dundee United) Willie Pettigrew (Motherwell) | 20 |
Scottish Football League Premier Division (1975–1998)
| Season | Champions[12] | Runners-up[12] | Third place[12] | Top scorer(s)[13] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Goals | ||||
| 1975–76 | Rangers (36) | Celtic | Hibernian | Kenny Dalglish (Celtic) | 24 |
| 1976–77 | Celtic (30) | Rangers | Aberdeen | Willie Pettigrew (Motherwell) | 21 |
| 1977–78 | Rangers (37) | Aberdeen | Dundee United | Derek Johnstone (Rangers) | 25 |
| 1978–79 | Celtic (31) | Rangers | Dundee United | Andy Ritchie (Morton) | 22 |
| 1979–80 | Aberdeen (2) | Celtic | St Mirren | Doug Somner (St Mirren) | 25 |
| 1980–81 | Celtic (32) | Aberdeen | Rangers | Frank McGarvey (Celtic) | 23 |
| 1981–82 | Celtic (33) | Aberdeen | Rangers | George McCluskey (Celtic) | 21 |
| 1982–83 | Dundee United (1) | Celtic | Aberdeen[lower-alpha 5] | Charlie Nicholas (Celtic) | 29 |
| 1983–84 | Aberdeen (3)[lower-alpha 6] | Celtic | Dundee United | Brian McClair (Celtic) | 23 |
| 1984–85 | Aberdeen (4) | Celtic | Dundee United | Frank McDougall (Aberdeen) | 22 |
| 1985–86 | Celtic (34) | Heart of Midlothian | Dundee United | Ally McCoist (Rangers) | 24 |
| 1986–87 | Rangers (38) | Celtic | Dundee United | Brian McClair (Celtic) | 35 |
| 1987–88 | Celtic (35) | Heart of Midlothian | Rangers | Tommy Coyne (Dundee) | 33 |
| 1988–89 | Rangers (39) | Aberdeen | Celtic | Mark McGhee (Celtic) Charlie Nicholas (Aberdeen) | 16 |
| 1989–90 | Rangers (40) | Aberdeen | Heart of Midlothian | John Robertson (Heart of Midlothian) | 17 |
| 1990–91 | Rangers (41) | Aberdeen | Celtic | Tommy Coyne (Celtic) | 18 |
| 1991–92 | Rangers (42) | Heart of Midlothian | Celtic | Ally McCoist (Rangers) | 34 |
| 1992–93 | Rangers (43) | Aberdeen | Celtic | Ally McCoist (Rangers) | 34 |
| 1993–94 | Rangers (44) | Aberdeen | Motherwell | Mark Hateley (Rangers) | 22 |
| 1994–95 | Rangers (45) | Motherwell | Hibernian | Tommy Coyne (Motherwell) | 16 |
| 1995–96 | Rangers (46) | Celtic | Aberdeen | Pierre van Hooijdonk (Celtic) | 26 |
| 1996–97 | Rangers (47) | Celtic | Dundee United | Jorge Cadete (Celtic) | 25 |
| 1997–98 | Celtic (36) | Rangers | Heart of Midlothian | Marco Negri (Rangers) | 32 |
Scottish Premier League (1998–2013)
| Season | Champions[12] | Runners-up[12] | Third place[12] | Top scorer(s)[13] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Goals | ||||
| 1998–99 | Rangers (48) | Celtic | St Johnstone | Henrik Larsson (Celtic) | 29 |
| 1999–2000 | Rangers (49) | Celtic | Heart of Midlothian | Mark Viduka (Celtic) | 25 |
| 2000–01 | Celtic (37) | Rangers | Hibernian | Henrik Larsson (Celtic) | 35 |
| 2001–02 | Celtic (38) | Rangers | Livingston | Henrik Larsson (Celtic) | 29 |
| 2002–03 | Rangers (50) | Celtic | Heart of Midlothian | Henrik Larsson (Celtic) | 28 |
| 2003–04 | Celtic (39) | Rangers | Heart of Midlothian | Henrik Larsson (Celtic) | 30 |
| 2004–05 | Rangers (51) | Celtic | Hibernian | John Hartson (Celtic) | 25 |
| 2005–06 | Celtic (40) | Heart of Midlothian | Rangers | Kris Boyd (Kilmarnock, Rangers) | 32 |
| 2006–07 | Celtic (41) | Rangers | Aberdeen | Kris Boyd (Rangers) | 20 |
| 2007–08 | Celtic (42) | Rangers | Motherwell | Scott McDonald (Celtic) | 25 |
| 2008–09 | Rangers (52) | Celtic | Heart of Midlothian | Kris Boyd (Rangers) | 27 |
| 2009–10 | Rangers (53) | Celtic | Dundee United | Kris Boyd (Rangers) | 23 |
| 2010–11 | Rangers (54) | Celtic | Heart of Midlothian | Kenny Miller (Rangers) | 21 |
| 2011–12 | Celtic (43) | Rangers | Motherwell | Gary Hooper (Celtic) | 24 |
| 2012–13 | Celtic (44) | Motherwell | St Johnstone | Michael Higdon (Motherwell) | 26 |
Scottish Premiership (2013–present)
| Season | Champions[12] | Runners-up[12] | Third place[12] | Top scorer(s)[13] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Player | Goals | ||||
| 2013–14 | Celtic (45) | Motherwell | Aberdeen | Kris Commons (Celtic) | 27 |
| 2014–15 | Celtic (46) | Aberdeen | Inverness Caledonian Thistle | Adam Rooney (Aberdeen) | 18 |
| 2015–16 | Celtic (47) | Aberdeen | Heart of Midlothian | Leigh Griffiths (Celtic) | 31 |
| 2016–17 | Celtic (48) | Aberdeen | Rangers | Liam Boyce (Ross County) | 23 |
| 2017–18 | Celtic (49) | Aberdeen | Rangers | Kris Boyd (Kilmarnock) | 18 |
| 2018–19 | Celtic (50) | Rangers | Kilmarnock | Alfredo Morelos (Rangers) | 18 |
| 2019–20[lower-alpha 7] | Celtic (51) | Rangers | Motherwell | Odsonne Édouard (Celtic) | 22 |
| 2020–21 | Rangers (55) | Celtic | Hibernian | Odsonne Édouard (Celtic) | 18 |
| 2021–22 | Celtic (52) | Rangers | Heart of Midlothian | Regan Charles-Cook (Ross County) Giorgos Giakoumakis (Celtic) |
13 |
Total titles won
Titles won by club (%)
Celtic – 52 (41.1%)
Aberdeen – 4 (3.2%)
Hearts – 4 (3.2%)
Hibernian – 4 (3.2%)
- As of 30 June 2022
- Clubs participating in the 2022–23 Scottish Premiership are denoted in bold type.
- Clubs no longer active are denoted in italics.
| Club | Champions | Runners-up | Third place | Last Championship |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rangers[lower-alpha 8] | 55 | 33 | 20 | 2020–21 |
| Celtic | 52 | 32 | 17 | 2021–22 |
| Aberdeen | 4 | 17 | 9 | 1984–85 |
| Heart of Midlothian | 4 | 14 | 19 | 1959–60 |
| Hibernian | 4 | 6 | 14 | 1951–52 |
| Dumbarton[lower-alpha 8] | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1891–92 |
| Motherwell | 1 | 7 | 9 | 1931–32 |
| Kilmarnock | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1964–65 |
| Dundee | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1961–62 |
| Dundee United | 1 | 0 | 8 | 1982–83 |
| Third Lanark | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1903–04 |
| Airdrieonians (1878) | 0 | 4 | 2 | — |
| Falkirk | 0 | 2 | 1 | — |
| Morton[lower-alpha 9] | 0 | 1 | 4 | — |
| Clyde | 0 | 0 | 3 | — |
| Partick Thistle | 0 | 0 | 3 | — |
| St Johnstone | 0 | 0 | 3 | — |
| Dunfermline Athletic | 0 | 0 | 2 | — |
| East Fife | 0 | 0 | 2 | — |
| St Mirren | 0 | 0 | 2 | — |
| Inverness Caledonian Thistle | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Livingston | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| Raith Rovers | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
| St Bernard's | 0 | 0 | 1 | — |
By city/town
| City / town | Championships | Clubs | Last championship |
|---|---|---|---|
| Glasgow[lower-alpha 8] | 108 | Rangers (55), Celtic (52), Third Lanark (1) | 2021–22 (Celtic) |
| Edinburgh | 8 | Heart of Midlothian (4), Hibernian (4) | 1959–60 (Heart of Midlothian) |
| Aberdeen | 4 | Aberdeen (4) | 1984–85 (Aberdeen) |
| Dumbarton[lower-alpha 8] | 2 | Dumbarton (2) | 1891–92 (Dumbarton) |
| Dundee | 2 | Dundee (1), Dundee United (1) | 1982–83 (Dundee United) |
| Kilmarnock | 1 | Kilmarnock (1) | 1964–65 (Kilmarnock) |
| Motherwell | 1 | Motherwell (1) | 1931–32 (Motherwell) |
- Teams in Italics are defunct, and cannot win any more championships
- Teams in Bold currently participate in the Scottish Premiership
See also
- List of Scottish Cup finals
- List of Scottish League Cup finals
Notes
- Rangers and Dumbarton were declared joint champions after the teams finished level on points and a play-off for the title finished in a 2–2 draw.
- Celtic defeated Rangers 2–1 in a play-off for the title after the teams finished level on points.
- Celtic also won the European Cup
- Rangers won the European Cup Winners' Cup
- Aberdeen also won the European Cup Winners' Cup
- Aberdeen also won the European Super Cup
- The 2019–20 Scottish Premiership was suspended in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland. The season was subsequently curtailed on 18 May 2020 and a points per game average was used to calculate a final table.[7]
- The total includes one championship shared by Rangers (Glasgow) and Dumbarton, in 1890–91.
- Morton are now known as Greenock Morton.
References
- Davies, Hunter (2003). Boots, Balls and Haircuts: An Illustrated History of Football from Then to Now. Cassell Illustrated. p. 39. ISBN 1-84403-261-2.
- "Scotland – List of Champions". RSSSF. 22 August 2007. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
- "Scotland – List of Divisional Movements". RSSSF. 3 January 2007. Archived from the original on 27 April 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
- "History". www.scotprem.premiumtv.co.uk. Scottish Premier League. Archived from the original on 2 February 2007. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
- "SPFL: New Scottish league brands unveiled". BBC Sport. BBC. 24 July 2013. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2013.
- Duncan, Colin (25 April 2013). "Aberdeen stars Dougie Bell & Neil Simpson: We wouldn't have believed our SPL victory would be last for non-Old Firm team". Daily Record. Trinity Mirror. Archived from the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
- "Celtic champions & Hearts relegated after SPFL ends season". BBC Sport. 18 May 2020. Archived from the original on 6 October 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- "Brief history". www.celticfc.net. Celtic FC. Archived from the original on 10 May 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
1988: Celtic celebrate the centenary season (1987/88) by winning the first "double" in 11 years. The accomplishment marks the 35th league title, and the 28th Scottish Cup.
- "Doing the Double!". RSSSF. 18 April 2013. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
- "1946–1970 An Historic Treble". www.rangers.premiumtv.co.uk. Rangers FC. Archived from the original on 1 July 2007. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
In 1948–49, Rangers became the first team to win the League, the Scottish Cup, and the League Cup in one season. It was the first glorious treble in Scottish football.
- James Dart, Paolo Bandini and Sean Armstrong (28 February 2007). "The sulkiest football walk-offs ever". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 9 January 2008. Retrieved 5 March 2008.
- Barnes, Stuart. News of the World Football Annual 2007/2008 (season 2007). Invincible Press. pp. 159–161. ISBN 0-00-725555-1.
- Brown, Alan; Preston, Simon; Di Maggio, Roberto (9 June 2016). "Scotland – List of Topscorers". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
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