312

Year 312 (CCCXII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Constantinus and Licinianus (or, less frequently, year 1065 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 312 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
312 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar312
CCCXII
Ab urbe condita1065
Assyrian calendar5062
Balinese saka calendar233–234
Bengali calendar−281
Berber calendar1262
Buddhist calendar856
Burmese calendar−326
Byzantine calendar5820–5821
Chinese calendar辛未年 (Metal Goat)
3008 or 2948
     to 
壬申年 (Water Monkey)
3009 or 2949
Coptic calendar28–29
Discordian calendar1478
Ethiopian calendar304–305
Hebrew calendar4072–4073
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat368–369
 - Shaka Samvat233–234
 - Kali Yuga3412–3413
Holocene calendar10312
Iranian calendar310 BP – 309 BP
Islamic calendar320 BH – 319 BH
Javanese calendar192–193
Julian calendar312
CCCXII
Korean calendar2645
Minguo calendar1600 before ROC
民前1600年
Nanakshahi calendar−1156
Seleucid era623/624 AG
Thai solar calendar854–855
Tibetan calendar阴金羊年
(female Iron-Goat)
438 or 57 or −715
     to 
阳水猴年
(male Water-Monkey)
439 or 58 or −714
Battle of the Milvian Bridge (312)


Events

Roman Empire

  • Constantine I crosses the Cottian Alps with an army (40,000 men) and defeats Maxentius's generals in three battles at Turin, Brescia and Verona. Maxentius's Praetorian Prefect Ruricius Pompeianus is killed in the fighting outside Verona.
  • October 28 Battle of the Milvian Bridge: Constantine defeats Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge, becoming the only Roman emperor in the West. Prior to the battle, he reportedly has a vision of a cross (labarum) with the phrase "in hoc signo vinces" ("In this sign you shall conquer"). This encourages him to convert to Christianity.
  • October 29 Constantine enters Rome; he stages a grand adventus in the city, and is met with popular jubilation. Maxentius' body is fished out of the Tiber and decapitated.
  • Constantine forges an alliance with co-emperor Licinius, and offers him his half-sister, Constantia, in marriage. The Praetorian Guard and Imperial Horse Guard (equites singulares Augusti) are disbanded.
  • Emperor Maximinus Daza campaigns unsuccessfully against the Armenians.

Religion

  • Constantine I adopts the words "in hoc signo vinces" as a motto, and has the letters X and P (the first letters of the Greek word Christ) emblazoned on the shields of his soldiers.
  • The Council of Carthage supports Donatism, which espouses a rigorous application and interpretation of the sacraments. These doctrines will be condemned by the Council of Arles (314).
  • Constantine I promotes a policy of state sponsorship of Christianity, perhaps even becoming a Christian himself (see Constantine the Great and Christianity).

Births

  • Dao'an, Chinese Buddhist monk and writer (d. 385)
  • Huan Wen (or Yuanzi), Chinese general (d. 373)

Deaths

References

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