Indian Wells Masters

The Indian Wells Masters, also known as the Indian Wells Open and BNP Paribas Open is an annual tennis tournament usually held in early- and mid-March at the Indian Wells Tennis Garden in Indian Wells, California, United States. The owner is Larry Ellison, executive chairman and co-founder of Oracle. The tournament director is former world No. 2 player Tommy Haas. The tournament is a Masters 1000 event on the men's tour and is a WTA 1000 event on the women's tour.

Indian Wells Masters
Tournament information
Founded1974 (1974)
LocationTucson, Arizona
(1974–75)
Rancho Mirage, California (1976–80)
La Quinta, California (1981–86)
Indian Wells, California (1987–current)
VenueIndian Wells Tennis Garden
SurfaceHard (Plexipave) - outdoors
Websitebnpparibasopen.com
Current champions (2022)
Men's singles Taylor Fritz
Women's singles Iga Świątek
Men's doubles John Isner
Jack Sock
Women's doubles Xu Yifan
Yang Zhaoxuan
ATP Tour
CategoryATP Tour Masters 1000
(since 1990)
Grand Prix tennis circuit
(1977–89)
Draw96S / 48Q / 32D
Prize moneyUS$8,584,055 (2022)
WTA Tour
CategoryWTA 1000
(since 2021)
WTA Premier Mandatory
(2009–19)
WTA Tier I
(1996–2008)
WTA Tier II
(1990–95)
WTA Tier III
(1989)
Draw96S / 48Q / 32D
Prize moneyUS$ 8,369,455 (2022)

Between 1974 and 1976 it was non-tour event and between 1977 and 1989 it was held as part of the Grand Prix Tennis Tour. The event is one of two tour events (along with the Miami Open), other than the Majors, in which main draw play extends beyond eight days. The women's main draw usually starts on Wednesday and the men's main draw starts on Thursday. Both finals are held on Sunday of the following week. Both singles main draws include 96 players in a 128-player grid, with the 32 seeded players getting a bye (a free pass) to the second round.

The tournament is played on hardcourt and is the best-attended tennis tournament outside the four Grand Slam tournaments, it is often called the "fifth Grand Slam".[1] It has the second-largest permanent tennis stadium in the world, behind New York City's Arthur Ashe Stadium.

Location

Indian Wells lies in the Coachella Valley (Palm Springs area), about 125 miles east of downtown Los Angeles.[2]

The tournament is played in the Indian Wells Tennis Garden (built in 2000) which has 29 tennis courts, including the 16,100-seat main stadium, which is the second largest tennis-specific stadium in the world.[3] After the 2013 BNP Paribas Open, the Indian Wells Tennis Garden started an expansion and upgrade of its facilities that includes a new 8,000 seat Stadium 2.[4] The revamping of the tennis center also included a "Pro Purple" interior court color created specifically for the ATP Masters Series and first used at Indian Wells, citing the purple color being 180 degrees and exactly opposite the yellow of the ball.[5]

Indian Wells Tennis Garden

History

The tournament was founded by former tennis pros Charlie Pasarell and Raymond Moore.

The men's tournament was previously called
  • The American Airlines Tennis Games (1974–1978),
  • The Congoleum Classic (1979–1980, 1982–1984),
  • The Grand Marnier/ATP Tennis Games (1981),
  • The Pilot Pen Classic (1985–1987),
  • The Newsweek Champions Cup (1988–1999),
  • The Tennis Masters Series Indian Wells (2000–2001), and
  • The Pacific Life Open (2002–2008).
The women's tournament was previously called
  • The Virginia Slims of Indian Wells (1989–1990),
  • The Virginia Slims of Palm Springs (1991),
  • The Matrix Essentials Evert Cup (1992–1993),
  • The Evert Cup (1994, 1999),
  • The State Farm Evert Cup (1995–1998) in honor of Chris Evert,
  • The Tennis Masters Series (2000–2001), and
  • The Pacific Life Open (2002–2008).

Originally the women's tournament was held a week before the men's event. In 1996, the championship became one of the few fully combined events on both the Association of Tennis Professionals and Women's Tennis Association tours.

The BNP Paribas Open has become one of the largest events on both men's and women's tour. In 2004 it expanded to a multi-week 96 person field, and since then, it along with the following Miami Open, have been colloquially termed the Sunshine Double. Dubbed the "Grand Slam of the West",[6][7] it is the most-attended tennis tournament in the world other than the four Majors, with over 450,000 visitors during the 2015 event.[8]

In 2009, the tournament and the Indian Wells Tennis Garden were sold to Larry Ellison.[9][10]

On March 8, 2020, the tournament was postponed, and later canceled, to halt the potential spread of COVID-19.[11]

Williams sisters controversy

Venus and Serena Williams refused to play the Indian Wells tournament from 2001 to 2014 despite threats of financial sanctions and ranking point penalties. The two were scheduled to play in the 2001 semifinal but Venus withdrew due to an injury. Amid speculation of match fixing, the crowd for the final loudly booed Serena when she came out to play the final and continued to boo her intermittently through the entire match, even to the point of cheering unforced errors and double faults.[12] Williams won the tournament and was subsequently booed during the awards ceremony. The following month at the Ericsson Open, Richard Williams, Serena and Venus's father, claimed racial slurs were directed at him while in the stands, although there is no definitive evidence of this.[13] Neither Venus nor Serena played the tournament until 2015, when Serena Williams played in the tournament, ending her 14-year boycott of the event.[14][15] Venus Williams ended her boycott by competing in 2016.[16]

Past finals

Men's singles
YearChampionRunner-upScore
1974 John Newcombe Arthur Ashe 6–3, 7–6
1975 John Alexander Ilie Năstase 7–5, 6–2
1976 Jimmy Connors Roscoe Tanner 6–4, 6–4
1977 Brian Gottfried Guillermo Vilas 2–6, 6–1, 6–3
1978 Roscoe Tanner Raúl Ramírez 6–1, 7–6(7–5)
1979 Roscoe Tanner (2) Brian Gottfried 6–4, 6–2
1980Final not held due to rain (tournament cancelled at the semifinal stage)
1981 Jimmy Connors (2) Ivan Lendl 6–3, 7–6(7–5)
1982 Yannick Noah Ivan Lendl 3–6, 6–2, 7–5 [17]
1983 José Higueras Eliot Teltscher 6–4, 6–2
1984 Jimmy Connors (3) Yannick Noah 6–2, 6–7(7–9), 6–3
1985 Larry Stefanki David Pate 6–1, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3
1986 Joakim Nyström Yannick Noah 6–1, 6–3, 6–2
1987 Boris Becker Stefan Edberg 6–4, 6–4, 7–5
1988 Boris Becker (2) Emilio Sánchez 7–5, 6–4, 2–6, 6–4
1989 Miloslav Mečíř Yannick Noah 3–6, 2–6, 6–1, 6–2, 6–3
1990 Stefan Edberg Andre Agassi 6–4, 5–7, 7–6(7–1), 7–6(8–6)
1991 Jim Courier Guy Forget 4–6, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–4)
1992 Michael Chang Andrei Chesnokov 6–3, 6–4, 7–5
1993 Jim Courier (2) Wayne Ferreira 6–3, 6–3, 6–1
1994 Pete Sampras Petr Korda 4–6, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3, 6–2
1995 Pete Sampras (2) Andre Agassi 7–5, 6–3, 7–5
1996 Michael Chang (2) Paul Haarhuis 7–5, 6–1, 6–1
1997 Michael Chang (3) Bohdan Ulihrach 4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3
1998 Marcelo Ríos Greg Rusedski 6–3, 6–7(15–17), 7–6(7–4), 6–4
1999 Mark Philippoussis Carlos Moyà 5–7, 6–4, 6–4, 4–6, 6–2
2000 Àlex Corretja Thomas Enqvist 6–4, 6–4, 6–3
2001 Andre Agassi Pete Sampras 7–6(7–5), 7–5, 6–1
2002 Lleyton Hewitt Tim Henman 6–1, 6–2
2003 Lleyton Hewitt (2) Gustavo Kuerten 6–1, 6–1
2004 Roger Federer Tim Henman 6–3, 6–3
2005 Roger Federer (2) Lleyton Hewitt 6–2, 6–4, 6–4
2006 Roger Federer (3) James Blake 7–5, 6–3, 6–0
2007 Rafael Nadal Novak Djokovic 6–2, 7–5
2008 Novak Djokovic Mardy Fish 6–2, 5–7, 6–3
2009 Rafael Nadal (2) Andy Murray 6–1, 6–2
2010 Ivan Ljubičić Andy Roddick 7–6(7–3), 7–6(7–5)
2011 Novak Djokovic (2) Rafael Nadal 4–6, 6–3, 6–2
2012 Roger Federer (4) John Isner 7–6(9–7), 6–3
2013 Rafael Nadal (3) Juan Martín del Potro 4–6, 6–3, 6–4
2014 Novak Djokovic (3) Roger Federer 3–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–3)
2015 Novak Djokovic (4) Roger Federer 6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–2
2016 Novak Djokovic (5) Milos Raonic 6–2, 6–0
2017 Roger Federer (5) Stan Wawrinka 6–4, 7–5
2018 Juan Martín del Potro Roger Federer 6–4, 6–7(8–10), 7–6(7–2)
2019 Dominic Thiem Roger Federer 3–6, 6–3, 7–5
2020Not held (due to COVID-19 pandemic)[18][19]
2021 Cameron Norrie Nikoloz Basilashvili 3–6, 6–4, 6–1
2022 Taylor Fritz Rafael Nadal 6–3, 7–6(7–5)

Women's singles
YearChampionRunner-upScore
1989 Manuela Maleeva Jenny Byrne6–4, 6–1
1990 Martina Navratilova Helena Suková6–2, 5–7, 6–1
1991 Martina Navratilova (2) Monica Seles6–2, 7–6(8–6)
1992 Monica Seles Conchita Martínez6–3, 6–1
1993 Mary Joe Fernández Amanda Coetzer3–6, 6–1, 7–6(8–6)
1994 Steffi Graf Amanda Coetzer6–0, 6–4
1995 Mary Joe Fernández (2) Natasha Zvereva6–4, 6–3
1996 Steffi Graf (2) Conchita Martínez7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–5)
1997 Lindsay Davenport Irina Spîrlea6–2, 6–1
1998 Martina Hingis Lindsay Davenport6–3, 6–4
1999 Serena Williams Steffi Graf6–3, 3–6, 7–5
2000 Lindsay Davenport (2) Martina Hingis4–6, 6–4, 6–0
2001 Serena Williams (2) Kim Clijsters4–6, 6–4, 6–2
2002 Daniela Hantuchová Martina Hingis6–3, 6–4
2003 Kim Clijsters Lindsay Davenport6–4, 7–5
2004 Justine Henin Lindsay Davenport6–1, 6–4
2005 Kim Clijsters (2) Lindsay Davenport6–4, 4–6, 6–2
2006 Maria Sharapova Elena Dementieva6–1, 6–2
2007 Daniela Hantuchová (2) Svetlana Kuznetsova6–3, 6–4
2008 Ana Ivanovic Svetlana Kuznetsova6–4, 6–3
2009 Vera Zvonareva Ana Ivanovic7–6(7–5), 6–2
2010 Jelena Janković Caroline Wozniacki6–2, 6–4
2011 Caroline Wozniacki Marion Bartoli6–1, 2–6, 6–3
2012 Victoria Azarenka Maria Sharapova6–2, 6–3
2013 Maria Sharapova (2) Caroline Wozniacki6–2, 6–2
2014 Flavia Pennetta Agnieszka Radwańska6–2, 6–1
2015 Simona Halep Jelena Janković2–6, 7–5, 6–4
2016 Victoria Azarenka (2) Serena Williams6–4, 6–4
2017 Elena Vesnina Svetlana Kuznetsova6–7(6–8), 7–5, 6–4
2018 Naomi Osaka Daria Kasatkina6–3, 6–2
2019 Bianca Andreescu Angelique Kerber6–4, 3–6, 6–4
2020Not held (due to COVID-19 pandemic)[18][19]
2021 Paula Badosa Victoria Azarenka7–6(7–5), 2–6, 7–6(7–2)
2022 Iga Świątek Maria Sakkari 6–4, 6–1

Men's doubles
YearChampionsRunners-upScore
1974 Charlie Pasarell
Sherwood Stewart		 Tom Edlefsen
Manuel Orantes		6–4, 6–4
1975 William Brown
Raúl Ramírez		 Raymond Moore
Dennis Ralston		2–6, 7–6, 6–4
1976 Colin Dibley
Sandy Mayer		 Raymond Moore
Erik van Dillen		6–4, 6–7, 7–6
1977 Bob Hewitt
Frew McMillan		 Marty Riessen
Roscoe Tanner		7–6, 7–6
1978 Raymond Moore
Roscoe Tanner		 Bob Hewitt
Frew McMillan		6–4, 6–4
1979 Gene Mayer
Sandy Mayer (2)		 Cliff Drysdale
Bruce Manson		6–4, 7–6
1980Final not held due to rain (tournament cancelled at the semifinal stage)
1981 Bruce Manson
Brian Teacher		 Terry Moor
Eliot Teltscher		7–6, 6–2
1982 Brian Gottfried
Raúl Ramírez (2)		 John Lloyd
Dick Stockton		6–4, 3–6, 6–2
1983 Brian Gottfried (2)
Raúl Ramírez (3)		 Tian Viljoen
Danie Visser		6–3, 6–3
1984 Bernard Mitton
Butch Walts		 Scott Davis
Ferdi Taygan		5–7, 6–3, 6–2
1985 Heinz Günthardt
Balázs Taróczy		 Ken Flach
Robert Seguso		3–6, 7–6, 6–3
1986 Peter Fleming
Guy Forget		 Yannick Noah
Sherwood Stewart		6–4, 6–3
1987 Guy Forget (2)
Yannick Noah		 Boris Becker
Eric Jelen		6–4, 7–6
1988 Boris Becker
Guy Forget (3)		 Jorge Lozano
Todd Witsken		6–4, 6–4
1989 Boris Becker (2)
Jakob Hlasek		 Kevin Curren
David Pate		7–6, 7–5
1990 Boris Becker (3)
Guy Forget (4)		 Jim Grabb
Patrick McEnroe		4–6, 6–4, 6–3
1991 Jim Courier
Javier Sánchez		 Guy Forget
Henri Leconte		7–6, 3–6, 6–3
1992 Steve DeVries
David Macpherson		 Kent Kinnear
Sven Salumaa		4–6, 6–3, 6–3
1993 Guy Forget (5)
Henri Leconte		 Luke Jensen
Scott Melville		6–4, 7–5
1994 Grant Connell
Patrick Galbraith		 Byron Black
Jonathan Stark		7–5, 6–3
1995 Tommy Ho
Brett Steven		 Gary Muller
Piet Norval		6–4, 7–6
1996 Todd Woodbridge
Mark Woodforde		 Brian MacPhie
Michael Tebbutt		1–6, 6–2, 6–2
1997 Mark Knowles
Daniel Nestor		 Mark Philippoussis
Patrick Rafter		7–6, 4–6, 7–5
1998 Jonas Björkman
Patrick Rafter		 Todd Martin
Richey Reneberg		6–4, 7–6
1999 Wayne Black
Sandon Stolle		 Ellis Ferreira
Rick Leach		7–6(7–4), 6–3
2000 Alex O'Brien
Jared Palmer		 Paul Haarhuis
Sandon Stolle		6–4, 7–6(7–5)
2001 Wayne Ferreira
Yevgeny Kafelnikov		 Jonas Björkman
Todd Woodbridge		6–2, 7–5
2002 Mark Knowles (2)
Daniel Nestor (2)		 Roger Federer
Max Mirnyi		6–4, 6–4
2003 Wayne Ferreira (2)
Yevgeny Kafelnikov (2)		 Bob Bryan
Mike Bryan		3–6, 7–5, 6–4
2004 Arnaud Clément
Sébastien Grosjean		 Wayne Black
Kevin Ullyett		6–3, 4–6, 7–5
2005 Mark Knowles (3)
Daniel Nestor (3)		 Wayne Arthurs
Paul Hanley		7–6(8–6), 7–6(7–2)
2006 Mark Knowles (4)
Daniel Nestor (4)		 Bob Bryan
Mike Bryan		6–4, 6–4
2007 Martin Damm
Leander Paes		 Jonathan Erlich
Andy Ram		6–4, 6–4
2008 Jonathan Erlich
Andy Ram		 Daniel Nestor
Nenad Zimonjić		6–4, 6–4
2009 Mardy Fish
Andy Roddick		 Max Mirnyi
Andy Ram		3–6, 6–1, [14–12]
2010 Marc López
Rafael Nadal		 Daniel Nestor
Nenad Zimonjić		7–6(10–8), 6–3
2011 Alexandr Dolgopolov
Xavier Malisse		 Roger Federer
Stanislas Wawrinka		6–4, 6–7(5–7), [10–7]
2012 Marc López (2)
Rafael Nadal (2)		 John Isner
Sam Querrey		6–2, 7–6(7–3)
2013 Bob Bryan
Mike Bryan		 Treat Conrad Huey
Jerzy Janowicz		6–3, 3–6, [10–6]
2014 Bob Bryan (2)
Mike Bryan (2)		 Alexander Peya
Bruno Soares		6–4, 6–3
2015 Vasek Pospisil
Jack Sock		 Simone Bolelli
Fabio Fognini		6–4, 6–7(3–7), [10–7]
2016 Pierre-Hugues Herbert
Nicolas Mahut		 Vasek Pospisil
Jack Sock		6–3, 7–6(7–5)
2017 Raven Klaasen
Rajeev Ram		 Łukasz Kubot
Marcelo Melo		6–7(1–7), 6–4, [10–8]
2018 John Isner
Jack Sock (2)		 Bob Bryan
Mike Bryan		7–6(7–4), 7–6(7–2)
2019 Nikola Mektić
Horacio Zeballos		 Łukasz Kubot
Marcelo Melo		4–6, 6–4, [10–3]
2020Not held (due to COVID-19 pandemic)[18][19]
2021 John Peers
Filip Polášek		 Aslan Karatsev
Andrey Rublev		6–3, 7–6(7–5)
2022 John Isner (2)
Jack Sock (3)		 Santiago González
Édouard Roger-Vasselin		7–6(7–4), 6–3

Women's doubles
YearChampionsRunners-upScore
1989 Hana Mandlíková
Pam Shriver		 Rosalyn Fairbank
Gretchen Rush-Magers		 6–3, 6–7(4–7), 6–3
1990 Jana Novotná
Helena Suková		 Gigi Fernández
Martina Navratilova		 6–2, 7–6(8–6)
1991 Final not held due to rain
1992 Claudia Kohde-Kilsch
Stephanie Rehe		 Jill Hetherington
Kathy Rinaldi		 6–3, 6–3
1993 Rennae Stubbs
Helena Suková (2)		 Ann Grossman
Patricia Hy		 6–3, 6–4
1994 Lindsay Davenport
Lisa Raymond		 Manon Bollegraf
Helena Suková		 6–2, 6–4
1995 Lindsay Davenport (2)
Lisa Raymond (2)		 Larisa Savchenko Neiland
Arantxa Sánchez		 2–6, 6–4, 6–3
1996 Chanda Rubin
Brenda Schultz-McCarthy		 Julie Halard
Nathalie Tauziat		 6–1, 6–4
1997 Lindsay Davenport (3)
Natasha Zvereva		 Lisa Raymond
Nathalie Tauziat		 6–3, 6–2
1998 Lindsay Davenport (4)
Natasha Zvereva (2)		 Alexandra Fusai
Nathalie Tauziat		 6–4, 2–6, 6–4
1999 Martina Hingis
Anna Kournikova		 Mary Joe Fernández
Jana Novotná		 6–2, 6–2
2000 Lindsay Davenport (5)
Corina Morariu		 Anna Kournikova
Natasha Zvereva		 6–2, 6–3
2001 Nicole Arendt
Ai Sugiyama		 Virginia Ruano
Paola Suárez		 6–4, 6–4
2002 Lisa Raymond (3)
Rennae Stubbs (2)		 Elena Dementieva
Janette Husárová		 7–5, 6–0
2003 Lindsay Davenport (6)
Lisa Raymond (4)		 Kim Clijsters
Ai Sugiyama		 3–6, 6–4, 6–1
2004 Virginia Ruano Pascual
Paola Suárez		 Svetlana Kuznetsova
Elena Likhovtseva		 6–1, 6–2
2005 Virginia Ruano Pascual (2)
Paola Suárez (2)		 Nadia Petrova
Meghann Shaughnessy		 7–6(7–3), 6–1
2006 Lisa Raymond (5)
Samantha Stosur		 Virginia Ruano
Meghann Shaughnessy		 6–2, 7–5
2007 Lisa Raymond (6)
Samantha Stosur (2)		 Chan Yung-jan
Chuang Chia-jung		 6–3, 7–5
2008 Dinara Safina
Elena Vesnina		 Yan Zi
Zheng Jie		 6–1, 1–6, [10–8]
2009 Victoria Azarenka
Vera Zvonareva		 Gisela Dulko
Shahar Pe'er		 6–4, 3–6, [10–5]
2010 Květa Peschke
Katarina Srebotnik		 Nadia Petrova
Samantha Stosur		 6–4, 2–6, [10–5]
2011 Sania Mirza
Elena Vesnina (2)		 Bethanie Mattek-Sands
Meghann Shaughnessy		 6–0, 7–5
2012 Liezel Huber
Lisa Raymond (7)		 Sania Mirza
Elena Vesnina		 6–2, 6–3
2013 Ekaterina Makarova
Elena Vesnina (3)		 Nadia Petrova
Katarina Srebotnik		 6–0, 5–7, [10–6]
2014 Hsieh Su-wei
Peng Shuai		 Cara Black
Sania Mirza		 7–6(7–5), 6–2
2015 Martina Hingis (2)
Sania Mirza (2)		 Ekaterina Makarova
Elena Vesnina		 6–3, 6–4
2016 Bethanie Mattek-Sands
Coco Vandeweghe		 Julia Görges
Karolína Plíšková		 4–6, 6–4, [10–6]
2017 Chan Yung-jan
Martina Hingis (3)		 Lucie Hradecká
Kateřina Siniaková		 7–6(7–4), 6–2
2018 Hsieh Su-wei (2)
Barbora Strýcová		 Ekaterina Makarova
Elena Vesnina		 6–4, 6–4
2019 Elise Mertens
Aryna Sabalenka		 Barbora Krejčíková
Kateřina Siniaková		 6–3, 6–2
2020Not held (due to COVID-19 pandemic)[18][19]
2021 Hsieh Su-wei (3)
Elise Mertens (2)		 Veronika Kudermetova
Elena Rybakina		 7–6(7–1), 6–3
2022 Xu Yifan
Yang Zhaoxuan		 Asia Muhammad
Ena Shibahara		 7–5, 7–6(7–4)

Records

Men's singles
Most titles Roger Federer 5
Novak Djokovic
Most finals Roger Federer 9
Most consecutive titles Roger Federer
(2004, 2005, 2006)
 3
Novak Djokovic
(2014, 2015, 2016)
Most consecutive finals Roger Federer
(2004, 2005, 2006)
(2017, 2018, 2019)
 3
Novak Djokovic
(2014, 2015, 2016)
Most matches played Roger Federer 79
Most matches won Roger Federer 66
Most consecutive matches won Novak Djokovic 19
Most editions played Roger Federer 18
Best winning % Novak Djokovic 84.75% (50–9)
Youngest champion Boris Becker 19y, 2m, 26d
(1987)
Oldest champion Roger Federer 35y, 7m, 11d
(2017)
Longest final
1991 (51 games)
Jim Courier 464677
Guy Forget 636364
Shortest final
2016 (14 games)
Novak Djokovic 66
Milos Raonic 20

Women's singles
Most titles Martina Navratilova 2
Mary Joe Fernandez
Steffi Graf
Lindsay Davenport
Serena Williams
Kim Clijsters
Daniela Hantuchová
Maria Sharapova
Victoria Azarenka
Most finals Lindsay Davenport 6
Most consecutive titles Martina Navratilova
(1990, 1991)
 2
Most consecutive finals Lindsay Davenport
(2003, 2004, 2005)
 3
Most consecutive matches won Martina Navratilova 10

See also

References
  1. BNP Paribas Open tennis finally returns to Indian Wells in October, Los Angeles Times, May 20, 2021
  2. "Google Maps". Retrieved February 8, 2016.
  3. "Indian Wells Tennis Garden – Site Facts". Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
  4. "2014 Indian Wells Tennis Garden Expansion". ATP. March 3, 2013.
  5. "BNP Paribas Open Debuts New Plexipave® IW Stadium Court". March 3, 2014.
  6. "The Long and Winding Road to Indian Wells". The Beverly Hills Courier. Archived from the original on March 1, 2013. Retrieved March 12, 2013.
  7. "Larry Ellison opens his wallet for Indian Wells event". USA Today. March 13, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2013.
  8. "Top 15 Moments Of 2015 Tournament". BNP Paribas Open. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
  9. Charlie Pasarell and Co. keep tennis' desert palace glittering
  10. BNP Paribas Open Announces Larry Ellison As New Owner
  11. "Indian Wells tennis postponed after coronavirus confirmed". Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  12. "Williams booed after Indian Wells win". CNN.
  13. "Racism charges swirl as Williams sisters advance". CNN.
  14. Williams, Serena (February 4, 2015). "Serena Williams: I'm Returning to Indian Wells". Time.
  15. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 15, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  16. "Venus books return to Indian Wells". WTA. January 27, 2016. Retrieved January 30, 2016.
  17. "NOAH BEATS LENDL, ENDING STREAK AT 44". The New York Times.
  18. "BNP Paribas Open Will Not Be Held As Scheduled Due to Coronavirus Concerns". atptour.com. March 8, 2020. Retrieved March 8, 2020.
  19. "2020 BNP Paribas Open Will Not Be Held". tennis.life. March 9, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
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