Seine-et-Marne

Seine-et-Marne (French pronunciation: [sɛn e maʁn] (listen)) is a department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square kilometres (2,284 square miles); it roughly covers its eastern half. In 2019, it had a population of 1,421,197.[3] Its prefecture is Melun, although both Meaux and Chelles have larger populations.

Seine-et-Marne
Department of France
Clockwise from top: Palace of Fontainebleau, city centre of Meaux, Vaux-le-Vicomte, Provins
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of Seine-et-Marne in France
Coordinates: 48°36′N 03°00′E
CountryFrance
RegionÎle-de-France
PrefectureMelun
SubprefecturesFontainebleau
Meaux
Provins
Torcy
Government
 • President of the Departmental CouncilJean-François Parigi[1]
Area
1
 • Total5,915 km2 (2,284 sq mi)
Population
 (Jan. 2019)[2]
 • Total1,421,197
 • Rank10th
 • Density240/km2 (620/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number77
Arrondissements5
Cantons23
Communes507
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km2

History

Seine-et-Marne is one of the original 83 departments created on 4 March 1790 during the French Revolution in application of the law of 22 December 1789. It had previously belonged to the former province of Île-de-France.

Geography

Situation
Prefecture building of the Seine-et-Marne department in Melun

Seine-et-Marne forms a part of the Île-de-France region; the department covers 49% of the region's land area. It is bordered by Val-d'Oise, Seine-Saint-Denis, Val-de-Marne, Essonne to the west; Loiret and Yonne to the south; Aube and Marne to the east; and Aisne and Oise to the north. It is served by RER A, RER B, RER D and RER E amongst other services.

Melun is Seine-et-Marne's prefecture. Fontainebleau, Meaux, Provins and Torcy are its subprefectures. The department comprises part of Paris's outer eastern suburbs; much of Charles de Gaulle Airport sits within its far northwestern boundaries, including a majority of the terminals. The department has many natural reserves, notably Brie and Gâtinais. The department's highest point is butte Saint-George (215 m).

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Meaux; the prefecture Melun is the third-most populous. As of 2019, there are 17 communes with more than 20,000 inhabitants. The 10 most populous communes are:[3]

Commune Population (2019)
Meaux 55,750
Chelles 55,154
Melun 40,844
Pontault-Combault 37,617
Savigny-le-Temple 29,987
Bussy-Saint-Georges 26,597
Villeparisis 26,580
Champs-sur-Marne 25,654
Roissy-en-Brie 22,851
Dammarie-lès-Lys 22,128

Climate

Seine-et-Marne has a temperate Atlantic climate. The average rainfall is based upon that of Fontainebleau, giving an average rainfall of 650 mm (25.6 in), which is higher than the average of Île-de-France: 600 mm (23.6 in). Average temperature in Melun during the 1953–2002 period was 3.2 °C (37.8 °F) for January and 18.6 °C (65.5 °F) for July.

The storm of 26 December 1999 led to five deaths in Seine-et-Marne and caused several trees to fall.

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1801299,160—    
1806304,263+0.34%
1831323,881+0.25%
1841333,311+0.29%
1851345,076+0.35%
1861352,312+0.21%
1872341,490−0.28%
1881348,991+0.24%
1891356,747+0.22%
1901358,325+0.04%
1911363,561+0.15%
1921349,234−0.40%
1931406,108+1.52%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1936409,311+0.16%
1946407,137−0.05%
1954453,438+1.36%
1962524,486+1.84%
1968604,340+2.39%
1975755,762+3.25%
1982887,112+2.32%
19901,078,166+2.47%
19991,197,673+1.17%
20061,273,488+0.88%
20111,338,427+1.00%
20161,397,665+0.87%
Sources:[4][5]

People from Seine-et-Marne are known as the Seine-et-Marnais.

Originally Seine-et-Marne was very rural and lightly populated. Over the past 50 years, however, its population has tripled, due to the development of the Paris conurbation and the building of new towns in the northwest of the region. The population was estimated to be 1,267,496 inhabitants in 2006. The region has changed from consisting only of small villages to forming a large part of the Paris conurbation.

Seine-et-Marne as a whole shares a sister city relationship with Orlando, Florida, United States, as both host Disney theme parks.

Place of birth of residents of Seine-et-Marne in 1999
Born in metropolitan France Born outside metropolitan France
86.6% 13.4%
Born in
overseas France		 Born in foreign countries with French citizenship at birth1 EU-15 immigrants2 Non-EU-15 immigrants
1.4% 2.3% 3.8% 5.9%
1 This group is made up largely of former French settlers, such as Pieds-Noirs in Northwest Africa, followed by former colonial citizens who had French citizenship at birth (such as was often the case for the native elite in French colonies), as well as to a lesser extent foreign-born children of French expatriates. Note that a foreign country is understood as a country not part of France in 1999, so a person born for example in 1950 in Algeria, when Algeria was an integral part of France, is nonetheless listed as a person born in a foreign country in French statistics.

2 An immigrant is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. Note that an immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants.

Economy

With 60 percent of the region used as farmland, Seine-et-Marne is where most agricultural activity occurs within Île-de-France. Cereals and sugar beet are the principal exports from Seine-et-Marne.

The other key industrial structures are the refinery at Grandpuits and the Safran Aircraft Engines research plant at Villaroche. The new town of Marne-la-Vallée is the centre of tourism in Seine-et-Marne in terms of number of visitors, mainly due to the Disneyland Park and Walt Disney Studios Park theme parks at Disneyland Paris.

Politics

Presidential elections 2nd round
ElectionWinning CandidateParty%2nd Place CandidateParty%
2022 Emmanuel Macron LREM 56.98 Marine Le Pen FN 43.02
2017[6] Emmanuel Macron LREM 63.86 Marine Le Pen FN 36.14
2012 Nicolas Sarkozy UMP 50.75 François Hollande PS 49.25
2007 Nicolas Sarkozy UMP 56.25 Ségolène Royal PS 43.75
2002[6] Jacques Chirac RPR 80.64 Jean-Marie Le Pen FN 19.36
1995[7] Jacques Chirac RPR 55.07 Lionel Jospin PS 44.93

Departmental Council of Seine-et-Marne

The Departmental Council of Seine-et-Marne has 46 seats. Councillors are elected for six-year terms (no term limits) across the department's 23 cantons (two per canton). Since 2021, Jean-François Parigi of The Republicans (LR) has served as President of the Departmental Council.

National representation

In the National Assembly, Seine-et-Marne is represented by:

ConstituencyMember[8]Party
Seine-et-Marne's 1st constituency Aude Luquet Democratic Movement
Seine-et-Marne's 2nd constituency Valérie Lacroute The Republicans
Seine-et-Marne's 3rd constituency Jean-Louis Thiériot Union of Democrats and Independents
Seine-et-Marne's 4th constituency Christian Jacob The Republicans
Seine-et-Marne's 5th constituency Patricia Lemoine Agir
Seine-et-Marne's 6th constituency Jean-François Parigi The Republicans
Seine-et-Marne's 7th constituency Rodrigue Kokouendo La République En Marche!
Seine-et-Marne's 8th constituency Jean-Michel Fauvergue La République En Marche!
Seine-et-Marne's 9th constituency Michèle Peyron La République En Marche!
Seine-et-Marne's 10th constituency Stéphanie Do La République En Marche!
Seine-et-Marne's 11th constituency Olivier Faure Socialist Party

In the Senate, Seine-et-Marne is represented by:

  • Anne Chain-Larché (The Republicans), since 2015
  • Pierre Cuypers (The Republicans), since 2016
  • Arnaud de Belenet (La République En Marche!), since 2017
  • Vincent Éblé (Socialist Party), since 2011
  • Colette Mélot (Agir), since 2004
  • Claudine Thomas (The Republicans), since 2017

Tourism
  • Bilboquet rock formation in the forest of Fontainebleau
  • Throne Room in the Palace of Fontainebleau
  • Château-Landon
  • The walls of the medieval city of Provins
  • Gardens of Vaux-le-Vicomte
  • Knights Templar's commandry in Coulommiers

See also
  • Cantons of the Seine-et-Marne department
  • Communes of the Seine-et-Marne department
  • Arrondissements of the Seine-et-Marne department

Bibliography
  • Lion, Christian, La Mutuelle de Seine-et-Marne contre l'incendie de 1819 à 1969. Mutualité, assurance et cycles de l'incendie (Bruxelles etc., Peter Lang, 2008).

References
  1. "Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 4 May 2022.
  2. "Téléchargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations légales en 2019". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2021.
  3. Populations légales 2019: 77 Seine-et-Marne, INSEE
  4. "Historique de Seine-et-Marne". Le SPLAF.
  5. "Évolution et structure de la population en 2016". INSEE.
  6. "Présidentielles".
  7. "Résultats de l'élection présidentielle de 1995 par département - Politiquemania".
  8. Nationale, Assemblée. "Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français". Assemblée nationale.
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