Haplogroupes Y-ADN dans les populations de l'Afrique du Nord

Les principaux haplogroupes du chromosome Y des populations de l'Afrique du Nord berbérophones et arabophones sont : E1b1b1b (M81) et J1 (M267).

Par population
PopulationnA/BE(xE1b1b)E-M35E-M78E-M81E-M123FK-M9GIJ1J2R1aR1bAutresEtudes
Algérie/Oran10207.9%05.9%45.1%0000022.5%4.9%1%11.8%1%Robino et al. (2008)[1]
Algérie/Alger3502.9%011.4%42.9%011.8%2.9%0022.9%5.7%000Arredi et al. (2004)[2]
Tunisie/Jradou berbères320000100%0000000000Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisie/Zaghouan320003.1%40.6%09.4%00043.8%3.1%000Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisie/Tunis33003.0%6.0%54.5%3.0%6.0%03.0%024.2%0000Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisie/Tunis14802%3.4%5.4%37.8%2.7%4.7%0.7%0032.4%3.4%0.7%6.1%0.7%Arredi et al. (2004)
Maroc22106.4%4.1%6.8%65%00.9%1.8%0.9%0.5%5%4.1%04.1%0Fregel et al. (2009)
Maroc/Central8709.8%06.1%56.1%0000019.5%8.5%000%Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)[3]
Maroc513.9%5.9%5.9%5.9%54.9%0000019.6%003.9%0Onofri et al. (2008)
Maroc/Amizmiz Valley333%6.1%03%84.8%3%000000000Alvarez et al. (2009)
Maroc/Asni berbères5409.3%1.9%3.7%79.6%000001.9%001.9%1.9%Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Maroc/Middle Atlas berbères692.9%5.7%010.1%71.0%0004.3%05.8%0000Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Maroc/Bouhria berbères6707.5%01.5%77.6%0006.0%01.5%1.5%4.5%00Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Sahrawi89020.2%0059.6%0000020.2%0000Fregel et al. (2009)
Libye21509.5%011.1%35.9%1.5%004.2%030.5%3.4%0.4%03.4%Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)
Libye1750.60%0.6%1.7%8.0%33.7%1.1%4.6%0.6%1.1%2.0%27.4%6.9%1.7%5.1%4.9%Triki-Fendri et al. (2015)[4]
Égypte/Western Désert3505.7%5.7%28.6%28.6%0000031.4%0000Kujanová et al. (2009)[5]
Égypte1472.7%2.7%018.4%8.2%9.5%07.5%9.5%019.7%12.2%3.4%4.1%2.1%Luis et al. (2004)[6]
Égypte/Siwa berbères9328.0%6.5%2.2%6.5%1.1%2.2%003.2%07.5%6.5%028.0%8.3%Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Égypte(Nord)442.3%04.5%27.3%11.4%9.1%6.8%2.3%009.1%9.1%2.3%9.9%6.8%Arredi et al. (2004)
Égypte(Sud)290.0%0017.2%6.9%6.9%17.2%10.3%03.4%20.7%3.4%013.8%0Arredi et al. (2004)
Iles Canaries65201.4%03.5%8.3%2.3%004%9.7%3.5%10.4%2.8%50.6%0Fregel et al. (2009)[7]
Touaregs de Libye47042.5%0048.9%000000006.4%2.1%Ottoni et al. (2011)[8]
Touaregs du Mali1109.1%09.1%81.8%0000000000Pereira et al. (2011)[9]
Touaregs du Burkina Faso18016.7%0077.8%005.6%0000000Pereira et al. (2011)
Touaregs du Niger185.6%44.4%05.6%11.1%0000000033.3%0Pereira et al. (2011)

Par pays
Pays[10] n A B E-M33 E-M2 E-M35* E-M78* E-V12 E-V32 E-V13 E-V22 E-V65 E-M81 E-M34 F G I J1 J2 K L O P,R Q R1a R1b-V88 R1b-M269 R2 T
Maroc7600.260.662.763.294.210.790.26-0.261.843.6867.370.660.260.660.136.321.320.53--0.26--0.923.55--
Algérie156--0.645.130.641.920.64-0.641.281.9244.21.283.85--21.84.490.64---0.640.642.567.04--
Tunisie601-0.170.50.671.66----33.1662.731.162.660.170.1716.642.830.33--0.33-0.51.830.33-1.16
Sahara/Mauritanie189-0.535.296.88-------55.5611.11---13.23-------6.880.53--
Égypte3701.35-0.542.433.240.817.031.620.819.192.4311.896.761.085.680.5420.816.750.270.810.270.540.272.162.972.970.546.22

Origine géographique des lignées du chromosome Y
Région[11] Maroc (n=760) Algerie (n=156) Tunisie (n=601) Mauritanie/Sahara (n=189) Egypte (n=370)
Afrique du Nord73.90%50%68.90%55.60%33%
Moyen-Orient9.40%29.50%23.50%13.80%46.20%
Europe3.90%10.30%1.70%0%3.50%
Afrique de l'Ouest7%8.30%3%19.10%5.90%
Afrique de l'Est5.80%1.90%3%11.60%11.40%

Voir aussi

Notes
  1. Robino C, Crobu F, Di Gaetano C, et al., « Analysis of Y-chromosomal SNP haplogroups and STR haplotypes in an Algérien population sample », International Journal of Legal Medicine, vol. 122, no 3,‎ , p. 251–5 (PMID 17909833, DOI 10.1007/s00414-007-0203-5)
  2. Arredi B, Poloni ES, Paracchini S, et al., « A predominantly neolithic origin for Y-chromosomal DNA variation in North Africa », American Journal of Human Genetics, vol. 75, no 2,‎ , p. 338–45 (PMID 15202071, PMCID 1216069, DOI 10.1086/423147)
  3. Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013), Genome-Wide and Paternal Diversity Reveal a Recent Origin of Human Populations in North Africa
  4. Triki-Fendri et al. (2015), Paternal lineages in Libya inferred from Y-chromosome haplogroups
  5. Martina Kujanová, Luísa Pereira, Verónica Fernandes, Joana B. Pereira, Viktor Černý, Near Eastern Neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egypteian Western Desert, American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Volume 140, Issue 2, pages 336–346, October 2009
  6. Luis JR, Rowold DJ, Regueiro M, Caeiro B, Cinnioglu C, Roseman C, Underhill PA, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Herrera RJ (2004) The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: evidence for bidirectional corridors of human migrations" Am J Hum Genet 74:532–544
  7. Rosa Fregel et al., « Demographic history of Canary Islands male gene-pool: replacement of native lineages by European », BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 9,‎ , p. 181 (PMID 19650893, PMCID 2728732, DOI 10.1186/1471-2148-9-181)
  8. Ottoni C, Larmuseau MH, Vanderheyden N, Martínez-Labarga C, Primativo G, Biondi G, Decorte R, Rickards O., Deep into the roots of the Libyan Tuareg: a genetic survey of their paternal heritage, Am J Phys Anthropol. 2011 May;145(1):118-24. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21473. Epub 2011 Feb 10
  9. Pereira et al. , Y chromosomes and mtDNA of Tuareg nomads from the African Sahel, European Journal of Human Genetics (2010) 18, 915–923; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.21; published online 17 March 2010
  10. Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013) Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape" PLoS ONE 8(2) e56775. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775
  11. Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013) Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape" PLoS ONE 8(2) e56775. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775, Table 2. Geographic components (%) considered in Y-chromosome and mtDNA lineages.
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