Picea abies

Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Pinales 

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Divisio: Tracheophyta
Divisio: Pinophyta
Classis: Pinopsida
Ordo: Pinales

Familia: Pinaceae
Genus: Picea
Species: Picea abies
Varietates: P. a. var. abies – P. a. var. acuminata

Name

Picea abies (L.) H.Karst., Deut. Fl.: 325. 1881.

Synonyms

  • Basionym
    • Pinus abies L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1002. 1753.
  • Homotypic
    • Abies picea Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 2. 1768.
    • Pinus pyramidalis Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 399. 1796.
    • Abies communis Lindl. in J.C.Loudon, Encycl. Pl.: 804. 1829.
    • Pinus abies subsp. vulgaris Voss in K.Putlitz & L.Meyer, Landlexikon 4: 770. 1913.
    • Abies abies (L.) Druce, Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 7: 689. 1924 publ. 1925.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:
  • Continental: Europe
    • Regional: Northern Europe
      • Denmark (introduced), Finland, Great Britain, Ireland (introduced), Norway, Sweden.
    • Regional: Middle Europe
      • Austria, Belgium (introduced), Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands (introduced), Poland, Switzerland.
    • Regional: Southwestern Europe
      • France, Spain (introduced).
    • Regional: Southeastern Europe
      • Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
    • Regional: Eastern Europe
      • Belarus, Baltic States, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
  • Continental: Asia-Temperate
    • Regional: Eastern Asia
      • Korea (introduced).
  • Continental: Australasia
    • Regional: Australia
      • New South Wales (introduced).
  • Continental: Northern America (all introduced)
    • Regional: Eastern Canada
      • New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec.
    • Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
      • Illinois, Minnesota, Wisconsin.
    • Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
    • Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Primary references

Additional references

  • Farjon, A. 2001. World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers. 2. ed., 309 pp. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-025-0 Reference page. 
  • Farjon, A. 2010. A Handbook of the World's Conifers. Koninklijke Brill, Leiden. ISBN 90-04-17718-3. Reference page. 

Vernacular names

беларуская (тарашкевіца): Елка
беларуская: Елка еўрапейская
bosanski: Smrča
čeština: Smrk ztepilý
dansk: Rødgran
Deutsch: Gemeine Fichte
English: Norway Spruce
Esperanto: Ordinara piceo
español: Picea de Noruega
eesti: Harilik kuusk
suomi: Metsäkuusi
français: Épicéa commun
galego: Abeto Vermello
עברית: אשוחית נורבגית
hrvatski: Smreka
hornjoserbsce: Wšědny šmrěk
magyar: Lucfenyő
italiano: Abete rosso
日本語: オウシュウトウヒ
lietuvių: Paprastoji eglė
latviešu: Parastā egle
македонски: Обична смрча
norsk bokmål: Gran
Nederlands: Fijnspar
norsk nynorsk: Gran
polski: Świerk pospolity
română: Molid
русский: Ель обыкнове́нная
српски / srpski: Смрча / Smrča
svenska: Gran
Türkçe: Avrupa ladini
українська: Ялина європейська
中文: 歐洲雲杉
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