Θῆβαι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • Θήβη (Thḗbē) – Egyptian

Etymology
  • Greek Θῆβαι: from Ionic-Attic Θήβη (Thḗbē), from Mycenean teqa (t-e-q-a), from Proto-Hellenic *Thēgʷā.
  • Egyptian Θῆβαι: from Demotic Egyptian Ta-pe (name of the Karnak Temple), for formal Egyptian Ta-opet.

Pronunciation
 

Proper noun

Θῆβαι • (Thêbai) f pl (genitive Θηβῶν); first declension

  1. Thebes, the name of a city in Boeotia and the name of another city in Egypt
    • Homer, Iliad 6.222-223:
      Τυδέα δ᾽ οὐ μέμνημαι, ἐπεί μ᾽ ἔτι τυτθὸν ἐόντα / κάλλιφ᾽, ὅτ᾽ ἐν Θήβῃσιν ἀπώλετο λαὸς Ἀχαιῶν.
      Tudéa d᾽ ou mémnēmai, epeí m᾽ éti tutthòn eónta / kálliph᾽, hót᾽ en Thḗbēisin apṓleto laòs Akhaiôn.
      • 1990 translation by Robert Fagles
        My father, Tydeus, I really don't remember. I was just a baby when father left me then, that time an Achaean army went to die at Thebes.

Inflection
First declension of αἱ Θῆβαι; τῶν Θηβῶν (Attic)
Case / # Plural
Nominative αἱ Θῆβαι
hai Thêbai
Genitive τῶν Θηβῶν
tôn Thēbôn
Dative ταῖς Θήβαις
taîs Thḗbais
Accusative τᾱ̀ς Θήβᾱς
tā̀s Thḗbās
Vocative Θῆβαι
Thêbai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • Θήβησι (Thḗbēsi)
  • Θήβαζε (Thḗbaze)
  • Θηβαῖος (Thēbaîos)
  • Θηβαγενής (Thēbagenḗs)
  • Θηβαϊκός (Thēbaïkós)
  • Θηβαΐς (Thēbaḯs)

Descendants
  • Arabic: طيبة‎
  • Basque: Tebas
  • Breton: in Greece: Thebai, in Egypt: Teba
  • Bulgarian: Тива (Tiva)
  • Catalan: Tebes
  • Czech: Théby
  • Danish: Theben
  • Dutch: Thebe
  • English: Thebes
  • Estonian: Teeba
  • Finnish: Theba
  • French: Thèbes
  • Galician: Tebas
  • German: Theben
  • Greek: in Greece: Θήβα (Thíva), in Egypt: Θήβες (Thíves)
  • Hebrew: תבאי‎
  • Hungarian: in Greece: Thébai, in Egypt: Théba
  • Italian: Tebe
  • Japanese: in Greece: テーバイ (Tēbai), in Egypt: テーベ (Tēbe)
  • Korean: 테베 (tebe)
  • Latin: Thebae
  • Lithuanian: Tėbai
  • Norwegian: Theben
  • Polish: Teby
  • Portuguese: Tebas
  • Romanian: Teba
  • Russian: Фи́вы (Fívy)
  • Serbo-Croatian: Теба, Teba
  • Slovak: Téby
  • Slovene: Tebe
  • Spanish: Tebas
  • Swedish: Thebe
  • Turkish: Tebai
  • Welsh: Thebai

References
  • Θῆβαι in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • Θῆβαι in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Θῆβαι in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • Θῆβαι in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,027

Further reading
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