αὐλός

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewlos (“tube”). Cognates include Lithuanian aulas, Norwegian aul, Hittite [script needed] (auli-, “tube-shaped organ in the neck”), and perhaps also Latin alvus, Old Church Slavonic улица (ulica, “small lane, narrow street”), and Old Armenian ուղ (uł, “passage”), ուղի (ułi, “road”).

αὐλός • (aulós) m (genitive αὐλοῦ); second declension

1. (music) any pipe-shaped instrument: flute, clarinet, pipe
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.495:

     κοῦροι δ᾽ ὀρχηστῆρες ἐδίνεον, ἐν δ᾽ ἄρα τοῖσιν αὐλοὶ φόρμιγγές τε βοὴν ἔχον

     koûroi d᾽ orkhēstêres edíneon, en d᾽ ára toîsin auloì phórmingés te boḕn ékhon

     And young men were whirling in the dance, and in their midst flutes and lyres sounded continually.

2. hollow tube, pipe, groove, shaft
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.227:

     περόνη τέτυκτο αὐλοῖσιν διδύμοισι

     perónē tétukto auloîsin didúmoisi

     The buckle was furnished with two grooves [into which the tongue fitted]

3. blowhole, duct
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 589b.19
   • 350 BCE, Aristotle, Parts of Animals 697a.17
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 524a.10
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 507a.10
   • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Respiration 478b.8
4. stadium
   • 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Lycophron, Collected Works 40
5. haulm (of grain)
6. cowbane, Cicuta virosa
   • 200 CE – 400 CE, Pseudo-Plutarch, On Rivers 10.3
7. razor shell
   • 250 CE – 350 CE, Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 3.90d

• Greek: αυλός (avlós)

• γίγγρος (gíngros)
• μάρδος (márdos)
• συβήνη (subḗnē)
• σωλήν (sōlḗn)

• αὐλός in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• αὐλός in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• αὐλός in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• αὐλός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• αὐλός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• αὐλός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
• αὐλός in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G836 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • flute idem, page 330.
  • groove idem, page 374.
  • pipe idem, page 614.
  • reed idem, page 684.
  • spout idem, page 805.
  • tap idem, page 855.
  • tube idem, page 900.
  • wind instrument idem, page 980.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill