κάνναβις

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • κάνναβος (kánnabos)

Etymology

A Kulturwort of unknown ultimate origin, perhaps Scythian or Thracian.[1] A proposal going back to Schrader derives the word from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kana-pis: compare Eastern Mari кыне́ (kəné), Western Mari кӹне (kə̈ne, “hemp”) and Komi-Permyak пыш (pyš), Udmurt пыш (pyš, “hemp”),[2][3] but Finno-Ugricists deny the existence of such a compound[4].

Related to Akkadian 𒋆𒄣𒌦𒈾𒁍 (qunnapu), Classical Syriac ܩܢܦܐ‎ (qnpʾ), Arabic قِنَّب‎ (qinnab), Proto-Germanic *hanapiz (English hemp), Proto-Slavic *konopja, Lithuanian kanãpės, Old Prussian knapios, Vulgar Latin canapis, canapus, Middle Persian kʾnb (kā̆naβ), Persian کنب‎ (kanab), کنو‎ (kanav, “kenaf”), Northern Kurdish kinif, Sogdian [script needed] (kynpʾ /kēnapā/), Chorasmian knb-ynk, Ossetian гӕн (gæn), гӕнӕ (gænæ), Khotanese kaṃha, kuṃbā, Wakhi kəm, Albanian kânëp, kërp, Old Armenian կանեփ (kanepʿ), կանափ (kanapʿ), Georgian კანაფი (ḳanapi), Svan ქან (kan), Turkish kenevir, kendir; perhaps also to Sanskrit शण (śaṇá), Middle Persian šn' (šan), the "satem" variants of the same etymon, and to Sanskrit भाङ्ग (bhāṅga), Persian بنگ‎ (bang), the "reverse" forms of it (due to a taboo).[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The interrelationship of these forms is disputed.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

κάννᾰβῐς • (kánnabis) f (genitive καννάβῐος or καννάβεως or καννάβῐδος); third declension

  1. (uncountable) hemp (Cannabis sativa)
  2. (countable) hemp seed

Declension
Third declension of ἡ κάνναβῐς; τῆς καννάβῐος (Attic)
Case / # Singular
Nominative ἡ κάνναβῐς
hē kánnabis
Genitive τῆς καννάβῐος / καννάβεως
tês kannábios / kannábeōs
Dative τῇ καννάβει
têi kannábei
Accusative τὴν κάνναβῐν
tḕn kánnabin
Vocative κάνναβῐ
kánnabi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
Third declension of ἡ κάνναβῐς; τῆς καννάβῐδος (Attic)
Case / # Singular Plural
Nominative ἡ κάνναβῐς
hē kánnabis		 αἱ καννάβῐδες
hai kannábides
Genitive τῆς καννάβῐδος
tês kannábidos		 τῶν κανναβῐ́δων
tôn kannabídōn
Dative τῇ καννάβῐδῐ
têi kannábidi		 ταῖς καννάβῐσῐ / καννάβῐσῐν
taîs kannábisi(n)
Accusative τὴν καννάβῐδᾰ
tḕn kannábida		 τᾱ̀ς καννάβῐδᾰς
tā̀s kannábidas
Vocative κάνναβῐς
kánnabis		 καννάβῐδες
kannábides
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Derived terms
  • κανναβάριος (kannabários)
  • καννάβινος (kannábinos)
  • καννάβιον (kannábion)
  • κανναβίς (kannabís)
  • κανναβισθῆναι (kannabisthênai)
  • κανναβίσκα (kannabíska)

Descendants
  • Greek: κάνναβη (kánnavi)
  • → Latin: cannabis, cannabus (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 680–681
  2. Schrader, Otto (1901) Reallexikon der indogermanischen Altertumskunde: Grundzüge einer Kultur- und Völkergeschichte Alteuropas (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, page 331
  3. Berneker, Erich (1908–1913) Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Winter, page 559
  4. “188”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, 1974–, page 10
  5. Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 218–220
  6. Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, pages 51–52, 62
  7. Cabolov, R. L. (2001) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 552–553
  8. Abajev, V. I. (1958) Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ osetinskovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Ossetian Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow, Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, pages 512–513
  9. Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN, page 216
  10. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “կանեփ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 513ab
  11. Vasmer, Max (1967), “конопля”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume II, translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv O. N., Moscow: Progress, page 312

Further reading
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