περίφρων
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From περῐ- (peri-, “beyond”) + -φρων (-phrōn, suffix for adjectives relating to the mind or emotions).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pe.rí.pʰrɔːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /pɛˈri.pʰron/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /peˈri.ɸron/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /peˈri.fron/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /peˈri.fron/
Adjective
περῐ́φρων • (períphrōn) m, f (neuter —); third declension
- (Homeric epithet of Penelope and other women) having very good sense, wise, sagacious, prudent
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.328–329:
- τοῦ δ' ὑπερωϊόθεν φρεσὶ σύνθετο θέσπιν ἀοιδὴν
κούρη Ῑ̓καρίοιο, περίφρων Πηνελόπεια:- toû d' huperōïóthen phresì súntheto théspin aoidḕn
koúrē Īkaríoio, períphrōn Pēnelópeia: - From upstairs, she listened in her mind to [the singer's] inspired song:
Ikarius's girl, prudent Penelope.
- toû d' huperōïóthen phresì súntheto théspin aoidḕn
- τοῦ δ' ὑπερωϊόθεν φρεσὶ σύνθετο θέσπιν ἀοιδὴν
- (later) excessively confident, haughty
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ, ἡ περῐ́φρων ho, hē períphrōn |
τὼ περῐ́φρονε tṑ períphrone |
οἱ, αἱ περῐ́φρονες hoi, hai períphrones | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ, τῆς περῐ́φρονος toû, tês períphronos |
τοῖν περῐφρόνοιν toîn periphrónoin |
τῶν περῐφρόνων tôn periphrónōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ, τῇ περῐ́φρονῐ tôi, têi períphroni |
τοῖν περῐφρόνοιν toîn periphrónoin |
τοῖς, ταῖς περῐ́φροσῐ / περῐ́φροσῐν toîs, taîs períphrosi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν, τὴν περῐ́φρονᾰ tòn, tḕn períphrona |
τὼ περῐ́φρονε tṑ períphrone |
τοὺς, τᾱ̀ς περῐ́φρονᾰς toùs, tā̀s períphronas | ||||||||||
| Vocative | περῐ́φρον períphron |
περῐ́φρονε períphrone |
περῐ́φρονες períphrones | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
References
- περίφρων in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- περίφρων in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- περίφρων in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- περίφρων in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- περίφρων in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
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