φολκός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally supposed to be related to φάλος (phálos, “horn of a helmet”) and connected with Sanskrit ह्वरते (hvarate, “to diverge, to go crooked”). However, Furnée assumes that this word is identical with *βολκός (*bolkós) of Βόλκων (Bólkōn, “name of a Syracusan”); in that case, the variation "φ-/β-" would point to a Pre-Greek origin.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰol.kós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰolˈkos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸolˈkos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /folˈkos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /folˈkos/

Adjective

φολκός • (pholkós)

epithet of Thersites, perhaps meaning bandy-legged

References

φολκός in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
φολκός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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