φόρος

From the o-grade of the root of φέρω (phérō, “to bring, carry”) +‎ -ος (-os): originally “that which is brought”.

φόρος • (phóros) m (genitive φόρου); second declension

(Attic, Ionic, Koine)

1. tribute
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.6.2:

     οὗτος ὁ Κροῖσος βαρβάρων πρῶτος τῶν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν τοὺς μὲν κατεστρέψατο Ἑλλήνων ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγήν

     hoûtos ho Kroîsos barbárōn prôtos tôn hēmeîs ídmen toùs mèn katestrépsato Hellḗnōn es phórou apagōgḗn

     This Croesus was the first foreigner that we know of who subjected some Greeks to the paying of tribute

   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.96.2:

     ἦν δ’ ὁ πρῶτος φόρος ταχθεὶς τετρακόσια τάλαντα καὶ ἑξήκοντα.

     ên d’ ho prôtos phóros takhtheìs tetrakósia tálanta kaì hexḗkonta.

     The first tribute was set at four hundred and sixty talents.

   • 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 657:

     καὶ πρῶτον μὲν λόγισαι φαύλως, μὴ ψήφοις ἀλλ’ ἀπὸ χειρός,
     τὸν φόρον ἡμῖν ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων συλλήβδην τὸν προσιόντα

     kaì prôton mèn lógisai phaúlōs, mḕ psḗphois all’ apò kheirós,
     tòn phóron hēmîn apò tôn póleōn sullḗbdēn tòn prosiónta

     and first reckon offhand, not with pebbles but your fingers,
     the sum total of our tribute that is coming in from the towns

• φόρος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Formed from the Ancient Greek verb φέρω (phérō, “carry, bring”), akin to the similar suffix -φόρος m (-fóros).

• IPA^(key): /ˈfoɾos/
• Hyphenation: φό‧ρος

φόρος • (fóros) m (plural φόροι)

1. tax (payment levied by the state)
2. tribute (payment in cash or kind levied on a state or individual)

• φοροαπαλλαγή f (foroapallagí, “tax exemption”)
• φοροδιαφυγή f (forodiafygí, “tax evasion”)
• φορολογία f (forología, “taxation”)
• φοροτεχνικός m or f (forotechnikós, “tax consultant”)
• φοροτεχνικός (forotechnikós, “tax related”)
• φοροφυγάς m (forofygás, “tax evader”)