χοῖρος

See also: χοίρος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kʰóřřos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰóryos (“pig”) (whence Proto-Albanian *darja and Albanian derr), from *ǵʰḗr (“hedgehog”) + *-yos.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kʰôi̯.ros/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkʰy.ros/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈxy.ros/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈçy.ros/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈçi.ros/

Noun

χοῖρος • (khoîros) m (genitive χοίρου); second declension

a pig, especially a young one.
- 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Archarnians 521:
  κεἴ που σίκυον ἴδοιεν ἢ λαγῴδιον
  ἢ χοιρίδιον ἢ σκόροδον ἢ χόνδρους ἅλας,
  ταῦτ᾽ ἦν Μεγαρικὰ κἀπέπρατ᾽ αὐθημερόν.
  keí pou síkuon ídoien ḕ lagṓidion
  ḕ khoirídion ḕ skórodon ḕ khóndrous hálas,
  taût᾽ ên Megarikà kapéprat᾽ authēmerón.
  And if they see a cucumber or a young hare
  or a piglet or a clove of garlic or a granule of salt,
  They would shout "Megarian!" and take it all away.
(generally) swine
(slang) (vulgar) female genitalia, especially those belonging to a young woman
- 446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Archarnians 782–783:
  νῦν γε χοῖρος φαίνεται.
  ἀτὰρ ἐκτραφείς γε κύσθος ἔσται.
  nûn ge khoîros phaínetai.
  atàr ektrapheís ge kústhos éstai.
  Now it looks like a pussy.
  But once it's been reared, it'll be a cunt.
a fish of the Nile

Usage notes

For the semantic shift of “pig” to “female genitalia”, compare the same Latin use of porcus.

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ χοῖρος; τοῦ χοίρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ χοῖρος ho khoîros	τὼ χοίρω tṑ khoírō	οἱ χοῖροι hoi khoîroi
Genitive	τοῦ χοίρου toû khoírou	τοῖν χοίροιν toîn khoíroin	τῶν χοίρων tôn khoírōn
Dative	τῷ χοίρῳ tôi khoírōi	τοῖν χοίροιν toîn khoíroin	τοῖς χοίροις toîs khoírois
Accusative	τὸν χοῖρον tòn khoîron	τὼ χοίρω tṑ khoírō	τοὺς χοίρους toùs khoírous
Vocative	χοῖρε khoîre	χοίρω khoírō	χοῖροι khoîroi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

(swine): ὗς (hûs), σῦς (sûs)

Derived terms

χοίρειος (khoíreios)
χοίρινος (khoírinos)
χοιρίον (khoiríon)
χοιρίδιον (khoirídion)
Χοιροβοσκός (Khoiroboskós)
χοιροπώλης (khoiropṓlēs)

Descendants

Greek: χοίρος (choíros)

Further reading

χοῖρος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
χοῖρος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
χοῖρος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
χοῖρος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
χοῖρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
G5519 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- hog idem, page 402.
- pig idem, page 612.
- swine idem, page 849.

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