ϣⲁⲣⲓ
Coptic
Etymology 1
Conjugation
| infinitive | ⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ ešari |
negative infinitive | ⲉϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ eštemšari | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imperative | ϣⲁⲣⲓ šari |
negative imperative | ⲙⲡⲉⲣϣⲁⲣⲓ mperšari | |||||||
| singular | plural | Nominative | ||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||||
| masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | |||||||
| Durative sentences | ||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟ | ⲛⲑⲟϥ | ⲛⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - | ||
| present | simple present | ϯϣⲁⲣⲓ tišari |
ⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ kšari |
ⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ tešari |
ϥϣⲁⲣⲓ fšari |
ⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ sšari |
ⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ tenšari |
ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ tetenšari |
ⲥⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ sešari |
ϣⲁⲣⲓ šari |
| circumstantial | ⲉⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ eišari |
ⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ ekšari |
ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ erešari |
ⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ efšari |
ⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ esšari |
ⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ enšari |
ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ eretenšari |
ⲉⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ eušari |
ⲉⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ ere - šari | |
| focalising | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ aišari |
ⲁⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ akšari |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ arešari |
ⲁϥϣⲁⲣⲓ afšari |
ⲁⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ asšari |
ⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ anšari |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ aretenšari |
ⲁⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ aušari |
ⲁⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ are - šari | |
| preterite | ⲛⲁⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ naišari |
ⲛⲁⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ nakšari |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ narešari |
ⲛⲁϥϣⲁⲣⲓ nafšari |
ⲛⲁⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ nasšari |
ⲛⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ nanšari |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ naretenšari |
ⲛⲁⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ naušari |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ nare - šari | |
| relative | ⲉϯϣⲁⲣⲓ etišari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ etekšari |
ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ etešari |
ⲉⲧⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ etefšari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ etesšari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ etenšari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ etetenšari |
ⲉⲧⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ etoušari |
ⲉⲧⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ ete - šari | |
| future | simple future | ϯⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ tinašari |
ⲭⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ khnašari |
ⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ tenašari |
ϥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ fnašari |
ⲥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ snašari |
ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ tennašari |
ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ tetenašari |
ⲥⲉⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ senašari |
ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ našari |
| circumstantial | ⲉⲓⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ einašari |
ⲉⲭⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ ekhnašari |
ⲉⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ erenašari |
ⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ efnašari |
ⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ esnašari |
ⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ ennašari |
ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ eretennašari |
ⲉⲩⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ eunašari |
ⲉⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ ere - našari | |
| focalising | ⲁⲓⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ ainašari |
ⲁⲭⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ akhnašari |
ⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ arenašari |
ⲁϥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ afnašari |
ⲁⲥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ asnašari |
ⲁⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ annašari |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ aretennašari |
ⲁⲩⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ aunašari |
ⲁⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ are - našari | |
| preterite | ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ nainašari |
ⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ nakhnašari |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ narenašari |
ⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ nafnašari |
ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ nasnašari |
ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ nannašari |
ⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ naretennašari |
ⲛaⲩⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ naunašari |
ⲛaⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ nare - našari | |
| unreal conditional | ⲉⲛⲁⲓⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enainašari |
ⲉⲛⲁⲭⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enakhnašari |
ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enarenašari |
ⲉⲛⲁϥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enafnašari |
ⲉⲛⲁⲥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enasnašari |
ⲉⲛⲁⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enannašari |
ⲉⲛⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enaretennašari |
ⲉⲛaⲩⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enaunašari |
ⲉⲛaⲣⲉ - ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ enare - našari | |
| relative | ⲉϯⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ etinašari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲭⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ etekhnašari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ etenašari |
ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ etefnašari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ etesnašari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ etennašari |
ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ etetennašari |
ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ etounašari |
ⲉⲧⲉ - ⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ ete - našari | |
| Non-durative sentences | ||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟ | ⲛⲑⲟϥ | ⲛⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - | ||
| past | affirmative | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ aišari |
ⲁⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ akšari |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ arešari |
ⲁϥϣⲁⲣⲓ afšari |
ⲁⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ asšari |
ⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ anšari |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ aretenšari |
ⲁⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ aušari |
ⲁ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ a - šari |
| negative | ⲙⲡⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ mpišari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ mpekšari |
ⲙⲡⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ mpešari |
ⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ mpefšari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ mpesšari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenšari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ mpetenšari |
ⲙⲡⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ mpoušari |
ⲙⲡⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ mpe - šari | |
| affirmative preterite | ⲛⲉⲁⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ neaišari |
ⲛⲉⲁⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ neakšari |
ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ nearešari |
ⲛⲉⲁϥϣⲁⲣⲓ neafšari |
ⲛⲉⲁⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ neasšari |
ⲛⲉⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ neanšari |
ⲛⲉⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ nearetenšari |
ⲛⲉⲁⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ neaušari |
ⲛⲉⲁ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ nea - šari | |
| negative preterite | ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ nempišari |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ nempekšari |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ nempešari |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ nempefšari |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ nempesšari |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ nempenšari |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ nempetenšari |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ nempoušari |
ⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ nempe - šari | |
| circumstantial | ⲉⲁⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ eaišari |
ⲉⲁⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ eakšari |
ⲉⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ eašari |
ⲉⲁϥϣⲁⲣⲓ eafšari |
ⲉⲁⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ easšari |
ⲉⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ eanšari |
ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ eatetenšari |
ⲉⲁⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ eaušari |
ⲉⲁ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ ea - šari | |
| focalising, relative, precursive | ⲉⲧⲁⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ etaišari |
ⲉⲧⲁⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ etakšari |
ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ etarešari |
ⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲁⲣⲓ etafšari |
ⲉⲧⲁⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ etasšari |
ⲉⲧⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ etanšari |
ⲉⲧⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ etaretenšari |
ⲉⲧⲁⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ etaušari |
ⲉⲧⲁ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ eta - šari | |
| aorist | affirmative | ϣⲁⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ šaišari |
ϣⲁⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ šakšari |
ϣⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ šarešari |
ϣⲁϥϣⲁⲣⲓ šafšari |
ϣⲁⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ šasšari |
ϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ šanšari |
ϣⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ šaretenšari |
ϣⲁⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ šaušari |
ϣⲁⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ šare - šari |
| negative | ⲙⲡⲁⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ mpaišari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ mpakšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ mparešari |
ⲙⲡⲁϥϣⲁⲣⲓ mpafšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ mpasšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ mpanšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ mparetenšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ mpaušari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ mpare - šari | |
| optative | affirmative | ⲉⲓⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ eiešari |
ⲉⲕⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ ekešari |
ⲉⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ erešari |
ⲉϥⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ efešari |
ⲉⲥⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ esešari |
ⲉⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ enešari |
ⲉⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ eretenešari |
ⲉⲩⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ euešari |
ⲉⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ ere - šari |
| negative | ⲛⲛⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ nnašari |
ⲛⲛⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ nnekšari |
ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ nnešari |
ⲛⲛⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ nnefšari |
ⲛⲛⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ nnesšari |
ⲛⲛⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ nnenšari |
ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ nnetenšari |
ⲛⲛⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ nnoušari |
ⲛⲛⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ nne - šari | |
| jussive, causative | affirmative jussive | ⲙⲁⲣⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ marišari |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ marekšari |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ marešari |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ marefšari |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ maresšari |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ marenšari |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ maretenšari |
ⲙⲁⲣⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ maroušari |
ⲙⲁⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ mare - šari |
| affirmative causative | ⲑⲣⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ thrišari |
ⲑⲣⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ threkšari |
ⲑⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ threšari |
ⲑⲣⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ threfšari |
ⲑⲣⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ thresšari |
ⲑⲣⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ threnšari |
ⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ thretenšari |
ⲑⲣⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ throušari |
ⲑⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ thre - šari | |
| negative jussive, negative causative |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲓϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthrišari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthrekšari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthrešari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthrefšari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthresšari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthrenšari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthretenšari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthroušari |
ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲑⲣⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ mpenthre - šari | |
| Subordinate clause | ||||||||||
| ⲁⲛⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟⲕ | ⲛⲑⲟ | ⲛⲑⲟϥ | ⲛⲑⲟⲥ | ⲁⲛⲟⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲧⲉⲛ | ⲛⲑⲱⲟⲩ | - | ||
| real conditional | affirmative | ⲁⲓϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ aišanšari |
ⲁⲕϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ akšanšari |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ arešanšari |
ⲁϥϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ afšanšari |
ⲁⲥϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ asšanšari |
ⲁⲛϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ anšanšari |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ aretenšanšari |
ⲁⲩϣⲁⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ aušanšari |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲁⲛ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ arešan - šari |
| negative | ⲁⲓϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ aištemšari |
ⲁⲕϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ akštemšari |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ areštemšari |
ⲁϥϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ afštemšari |
ⲁⲥϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ asštemšari |
ⲁⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ anštemšari |
ⲁⲣⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ aretenštemšari |
ⲁⲩϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ auštemšari |
ⲁⲣⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ areštem - šari | |
| conjunctive | affirmative | ⲛⲧⲁϣⲁⲣⲓ ntašari |
ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ ntekšari |
ⲛⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ ntešari |
ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ ntefšari |
ⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ ntesšari |
ⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ ntenšari |
ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ ntetenšari |
ⲛⲥⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ, ⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ nsešari, ntoušari |
ⲛⲧⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ nte - šari |
| negative | ⲛⲧⲁϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ ntaštemšari |
ⲛⲧⲉⲕϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ ntekštemšari |
ⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ nteštemšari |
ⲛⲧⲉϥϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ ntefštemšari |
ⲛⲧⲉⲥϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ ntesštemšari |
ⲛⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ ntenštemšari |
ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ ntetenštemšari |
ⲛⲧⲟⲩϣⲧⲉⲙϣⲁⲣⲓ ntouštemšari |
ⲛⲧⲉϣⲧⲉⲙ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ nteštem - šari | |
| limitive, expectative | limitative | ϣⲁϯϣⲁⲣⲓ šatišari |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ šatekšari |
ϣⲁⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ šatešari |
ϣⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ šatefšari |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ šatesšari |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ šatenšari |
ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ šatetenšari |
ϣⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ šatoušari |
ϣⲁⲧⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ šate - šari |
| expectative | ⲙⲡⲁϯϣⲁⲣⲓ mpatišari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕϣⲁⲣⲓ mpatekšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϣⲁⲣⲓ mpatešari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥϣⲁⲣⲓ mpatefšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥϣⲁⲣⲓ mpatesšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ mpatenšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲣⲓ mpatetenšari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩϣⲁⲣⲓ mpatoušari |
ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ - ϣⲁⲣⲓ mpate - šari | |
References
- Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 251
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