двоюродный

Russian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old East Slavic дъвою родꙋ (dŭvoju rodu, of two generations) + -ный (-nyj). дъвою (dŭvoju) is a genitive dual form, from which -ю- (-ju-) was extracted and used analogously in трою́родный (trojúrodnyj), четверою́родный (četverojúrodnyj).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [dvɐˈjurədnɨj]
  • (non-standard) IPA(key): [dvɐˈjurnɨj] (phonetic respelling: двою́рный)
  • (file)

Adjective

двою́родный (dvojúrodnyj)

  1. denotes a relative in the same generation as the head noun but one degree greater in separation
    двою́родный дедdvojúrodnyj dedgreat uncle, grandfather’s generation
    двою́родный дя́дяdvojúrodnyj djádjamale first cousin once removed, uncle’s generation
    двою́родный братdvojúrodnyj bratmale first cousin, brother’s generation
    двою́родный племя́нникdvojúrodnyj plemjánnikmale first cousin once removed, nephew’s generation
    двою́родный внукdvojúrodnyj vnukgrandnephew, grandson’s generation
    двою́родный пра́внукdvojúrodnyj právnukgreat-grandnephew, great-grandson’s generation

Declension

Usage notes

  • There is no single equivalent of this term in English. It is applied to close relations (e.g. brothers, uncles, grandfathers) and indicates a relation that is in the same generation as the term being modified, but is one degree greater in separation in terms of the closest common ancestor. For example, the двою́родный equivalent of one's brother is one's first cousin, because one has a common father with one's brother, but a common grandfather with one's first cousin. Similarly, the двою́родный equivalent of one's grandfather is one's great uncle, because the nearest common ancestor between one and one's grandfather is the grandfather himself, whereas the nearest common ancestor between one and one's great uncle is one's great-grandfather. (The двою́родный equivalent of one's father is one's uncle, but there is a already special term for this relationship.)
base relationshipдвою́родный (dvojúrodnyj)трою́родный (trojúrodnyj)четверою́родный (četverojúrodnyj)
брат (brat, brother)first cousinsecond cousinthird cousin
дя́дя (djádja, uncle)first cousin once removedsecond cousin once removedthird cousin once removed
оте́ц (otéc, father)(= дя́дя (djádja, uncle))(= двою́родный дя́дя (dvojúrodnyj djádja, first cousin once removed))(= трою́родный дя́дя (trojúrodnyj djádja, second cousin once removed))
дед (ded, grandfather)great unclefirst cousin twice removedsecond cousin twice removed
пра́дед (práded, great-grandfather)great great unclefirst cousin thrice removedsecond cousin thrice removed
племя́нник (plemjánnik, nephew)first cousin once removedsecond cousin once removedthird cousin once removed
сын (syn, son)(= племя́нник (plemjánnik, nephew))(= двою́родный племя́нник (dvojúrodnyj plemjánnik, first cousin once removed))(= трою́родный племя́нник (trojúrodnyj plemjánnik, second cousin once removed))
внук (vnuk, grandson)grandnephewfirst cousin twice removedsecond cousin twice removed
пра́внук (právnuk, great-grandson)great grandnephewfirst cousin thrice removedsecond cousin thrice removed
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