дитя

Russian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [dʲɪˈtʲa]
  • Audio(file)

Etymology 1

From Old East Slavic дѣтя (dětja), from Proto-Slavic *dětę. The и of the first syllable in the singular is from дити́на (ditína), nowadays written дети́на (detína) by analogy with the accented де́ти (déti), with regular distant assimilation ѣ…и́ > и…и́. An alternative formulation by Šakhmatov (ѣ > и before a soft consonant) explains these forms more directly.

Alternative forms
  • дитё (ditjó) (non-standard, partially declinable)

Noun

дитя́ • (ditjá) f anim (genitive дитя́ти, nominative plural де́ти, genitive plural дете́й) (see note on oblique forms)

  1. (dated or poetic) child, baby, kid (also used ironically or in similes)
Usage notes
  • The oblique cases of singular дитя, except for the accusative case, are never used in speech and seldom in modern prose writing, as many native speakers do not intuitively understand their exact inflectional roles in relation to дитя, and may consider them strange or even un-Russian. Instead, the corresponding cases of ребёнок (rebjónok) are used.
  • The plural forms are standard and in common use, and serve as the normal plural forms of ребёнок (rebjónok).
Declension
Declension of дитя́△ (anim fem-form 3rd-decl accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative дитя́△
ditjá△		 де́ти△
déti△
genitive дитя́ти*
ditjáti*		 дете́й△
detéj△
dative дитя́ти*
ditjáti*		 де́тям△
détjam△
accusative дитя́△
ditjá△		 дете́й△
detéj△
instrumental дитя́тей△*, дитя́тею△*
ditjátej△*, ditjáteju△*		 детьми́△
detʹmí△
prepositional дитя́ти*
ditjáti*		 де́тях△
détjax△

△ Irregular.
* Not used.

Pre-reform declension of дитя́△ (anim fem-form 3rd-decl accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative дитя́△
ditjá△		 дѣ́ти△
dě́ti△
genitive дитя́ти
ditjáti		 дѣте́й△
dětéj△
dative дитя́ти
ditjáti		 дѣ́тямъ△
dě́tjam△
accusative дитя́△
ditjá△		 дѣте́й△
dětéj△
instrumental дитя́тей△, дитя́тею△
ditjátej△, ditjáteju△		 дѣтьми́△
dětʹmí△
prepositional дитя́ти
ditjáti		 дѣ́тяхъ△
dě́tjax△

△ Irregular.

Synonyms

Noun

дитя́ • (ditjá) n anim or n anim pl

  1. genitive singular of дитё (ditjó)
  2. nominative plural of дитё (ditjó)
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