գի

From Old Armenian գի (gi).

• (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [ɡi]

գի • (gi)

1. Synonym of գիհի (gihi)
2. (dialectal) cypress

Since Lidén derived from Proto-Indo-European *wey(H)- (“to twine, weave, wind”) (the reconstruction of the root is disputed), because of juniper's flexible branches used in plaiting or weaving, extended with *-t- or *-s-. See the cognates in *wéh₁itis.

Georgian ღვია (ɣvia, “juniper”) is borrowed from Proto-Armenian.

The Proto-Indo-European form from which գի (gi) is descended has been variously reconstructed as *wītā (“willow”) (Ačaṙean, who also asks whether the Georgian borrowing ღვია (ɣvia) preserves the final -ā), *wey(H)-t- (Martirosyan), *wī̆so- or *weyso- or *woyso- from *wey-s- (“to twist, wind around”) (Lidén, Pokorny, Mallory/Adams).

գի • (gi)

1. juniper (tree)
   • 5th century, Bible, Isaiah 41.19:

     Եւ բղխեցուցից յանջուր երկրին զմայրն եւ զտօսախն, զմուրտն եւ զնոճն եւ զսօսն, զսարդն եւ զսարոյն եւ զկաղամախն, զգին եւ զփայտն իւղոյ։

     Ew błxecʿucʿicʿ yanǰur erkrin zmayrn ew ztōsaxn, zmurtn ew znočn ew zsōsn, zsardn ew zsaroyn ew zkałamaxn, zgin ew zpʿaytn iwłoy.

     I will produce in the dry land the cedar and box, the myrtle and cypress and plane, the cedar and cypress and white poplar, the juniper and the olive wood.

   • 5th century, Agatʿangełos, Patmutʿiwn Hayocʿ [History of the Armenians] § 644:

     որպէս մայրն և նոճն և շոճն ե թեղօշն և սարդն և սարոյն և սոսն և յակրին և գին և կաղամախն և ուռին և տօսախն։

     orpēs mayrn ew nočn ew šočn e tʿełōšn ew sardn ew saroyn ew sosn ew yakrin ew gin ew kałamaxn ew uṙin ew tōsaxn.

2. juniper (wood)

• գիհի (gihi)

• Armenian: գի (gi), գՙէ (gʿē) – Zeitun, գՙի (gʿi, “cypress”) – Pingyan (village in the kaza of Eğin)
• → Georgian: გია (gia)
• ⇒ Old Armenian: *գիհենի (*giheni) (with the botanical suffix -ենի (-eni))
  • Armenian: կէ՛նի (kḗni) – Lori, կէ՛նէ (kḗnē) – Karabakh, իգէ՛նէ (igḗnē) – Karadagh

• Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “գի”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 119
• Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “գի”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Łazarean, Ṙ. S. (2000), “գի”, in Tʿosunean G. B., editor, Grabari baṙaran [Dictionary of Old Armenian] (in Armenian), Yerevan: University Press
• Lidén, Evald (1905–1906), “Baumnamen und Verwandtes”, in Indogermanische Forschungen‎ (in German), volume 18, pages 494–498
• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), “գի”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 554ab
• Ačaṙyan, Hračʿya (1944), “Haykakankʿ A [Armeniaca I]”, in Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR: Social Sciences‎ (in Armenian), volume 5, pages 27–28
• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “Haykakankʿ (Armeniaca)”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 627
• Pokorny, Julius (1959), “²ueis-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1133
• Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997) Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 644a
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 212