שכן

Hebrew

Etymology

Cognate with Arabic سَكَنَ‎ (sakana, “to reside, inhabit”).

Root
שׁ־כ־ן‎

Verb

שָׁכַן • (shakhán) (pa'al construction, infinitive לשכון \ לִשְׁכֹּן‎, future ישכון \ יִשְׁכֹּן‎)

  1. to dwell, reside
    • Numbers 23:9, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      ‏כִּי־מֵרֹאשׁ צֻרִים אֶרְאֶנּוּ וּמִגְּבָעוֹת אֲשׁוּרֶנּוּ הֶן־עָם לְבָדָד יִשְׁכֹּן וּבַגּוֹיִם לֹא יִתְחַשָּׁב׃‎‎
      ki-merósh tsurím 'er'énu umig'va'ót 'ashurénu hen-'ám l'vadád yishkón uvagoyím ló yitkhasháv.
      kī-mērōš ṣūrīm ʾerʾénnū ūmiggəḇāʿōṯ ʾăšūrénnū hen-ʿām ləḇāḏāḏ yiškōn ūḇaggōyīm lō yiṯḥaššāḇ.
      For from the top of the rocks I see him, and from the hills I behold him: lo, it is a people that shall dwell alone, and shall not be reckoned among the nations.
  2. to be housed, located

Conjugation
Conjugation of שָׁכַן (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
  • to-infinitive: לשכון \ לִשְׁכֹּן‎
  • action noun: שְׁכִינָה‎
  • passive participle: —
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first שָׁכַנְתִּי‎שָׁכַנּוּ‎
second שָׁכַנְתָּ‎שָׁכַנְתְּ‎שְׁכַנְתֶּם‎1שְׁכַנְתֶּן‎1
third שָׁכַןשָׁכְנָה‎שָׁכְנוּ‎
present שׁוֹכֵן‎שׁוֹכֶנֶת‎שׁוֹכְנִים‎שׁוֹכְנוֹת‎
future first אשכון \ אֶשְׁכֹּן‎נשכון \ נִשְׁכֹּן‎
second תשכון \ תִּשְׁכֹּן‎תִּשְׁכְּנִי‎תִּשְׁכְּנוּ‎תשכונה \ תִּשְׁכֹּנָּה‎2
third ישכון \ יִשְׁכֹּן‎תשכון \ תִּשְׁכֹּן‎יִשְׁכְּנוּ‎תשכונה \ תִּשְׁכֹּנָּה‎2
imperative שכון \ שְׁכֹן‎שִׁכְנִי‎שִׁכְנוּ‎שכונה \ שְׁכֹנָּה‎2
notes
  1. Pronounced שָׁכַנְתֶּם‎ and שָׁכַנְתֶּן‎ in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Uncommon in Modern Hebrew.

Noun

שָׁכֵן • (shakhén) m (plural indefinite שְׁכֵנִים‎, feminine counterpart שְׁכֵנָה‎)

  1. neighbor

Adjective

שָׁכֵן • (shakhén) (feminine שְׁכֵנָה‎, masculine plural שְׁכֵנִים‎, feminine plural שְׁכֵנוֹת‎)

  1. neighboring

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew שָׁכֵן‎.

Noun

שכן • (shokhn) m, plural שכנים‎ (shkheynem)

  1. neighbour
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