أخ
Arabic
Etymology
From Proto-Semitic *ʾaḫ-, from the root ء خ و (ʾ-ḵ-w).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔax/
Audio (file)
Noun
أَخ • (ʾaḵ) m (construct state أَخُو (ʾaḵū), dual أَخَوَان (ʾaḵawān), plural إِخْوَة (ʾiḵwa) or إِخْوَان (ʾiḵwān), feminine أُخْت (ʾuḵt))
Usage notes
- أخ is used literally as well as figuratively. The plural إخْوَة (ʾiḵwa) is more common in the literal sense (“brothers”), while إخْوان (ʾiḵwān) is more common in the figurative sense (“brethren”). Moreover, أخ includes both full brothers and half brothers. The synonym شَقِيق (šaqīq) refers to full brothers exclusively.
Declension
Declension of noun أَخ (ʾaḵ)
| Singular | singular long construct | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | أَخ ʾaḵ |
الْأَخ al-ʾaḵ |
أَخُو ʾaḵū |
| Nominative | أَخٌ ʾaḵun |
الْأَخُ al-ʾaḵu |
أَخُو ʾaḵū |
| Accusative | أَخًا ʾaḵan |
الْأَخَ al-ʾaḵa |
أَخَا ʾaḵā |
| Genitive | أَخٍ ʾaḵin |
الْأَخِ al-ʾaḵi |
أَخِي ʾaḵī |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | أَخَوَيْن ʾaḵawayn |
الْأَخَوَيْن al-ʾaḵawayn |
أَخَوَيْ ʾaḵaway |
| Nominative | أَخَوَانِ ʾaḵawāni |
الْأَخَوَانِ al-ʾaḵawāni |
أَخَوَا ʾaḵawā |
| Accusative | أَخَوَيْنِ ʾaḵawayni |
الْأَخَوَيْنِ al-ʾaḵawayni |
أَخَوَيْ ʾaḵaway |
| Genitive | أَخَوَيْنِ ʾaḵawayni |
الْأَخَوَيْنِ al-ʾaḵawayni |
أَخَوَيْ ʾaḵaway |
| Plural | broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a); basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | إِخْوَة; إِخْوَان ʾiḵwa; ʾiḵwān |
الْإِخْوَة; الْإِخْوَان al-ʾiḵwa; al-ʾiḵwān |
إِخْوَة; إِخْوَان ʾiḵwat; ʾiḵwān |
| Nominative | إِخْوَةٌ; إِخْوَانٌ ʾiḵwatun; ʾiḵwānun |
الْإِخْوَةُ; الْإِخْوَانُ al-ʾiḵwatu; al-ʾiḵwānu |
إِخْوَةُ; إِخْوَانُ ʾiḵwatu; ʾiḵwānu |
| Accusative | إِخْوَةً; إِخْوَانًا ʾiḵwatan; ʾiḵwānan |
الْإِخْوَةَ; الْإِخْوَانَ al-ʾiḵwata; al-ʾiḵwāna |
إِخْوَةَ; إِخْوَانَ ʾiḵwata; ʾiḵwāna |
| Genitive | إِخْوَةٍ; إِخْوَانٍ ʾiḵwatin; ʾiḵwānin |
الْإِخْوَةِ; الْإِخْوَانِ al-ʾiḵwati; al-ʾiḵwāni |
إِخْوَةِ; إِخْوَانِ ʾiḵwati; ʾiḵwāni |
Synonyms
- شَقِيق (šaqīq)
Related terms
- مُكْرَهٌ أَخَاكَ لَا بَطَلٌ (mukrahun ʾaḵāka lā baṭalun, proverb)[sic]
- إِخَاء (ʾiḵāʾ)
- إِخَاوَة (ʾiḵāwa)
- أُخْت (ʾuḵt)
- أَخَوِيّ (ʾaḵawiyy, “brotherly”)
- أُخُوَّة (ʾuḵuwwa, “brotherhood”)
- تَآخٍ (taʾāḵin)
See also
- (nouns with long construct singular) الْأَسْمَاء الْخَمْسَة (al-ʾasmāʾ al-ḵamsa); أَب (ʾab), أَخ (ʾaḵ), حَم (ḥam), فَم (fam), ذُو (ḏū) (Category: Arabic nouns with long construct singular)
References
- Wehr, Hans (1979), “ءخو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
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