جمهورية

From the root ج م ه ر‎ (j-m-h-r). Relative noun (nisba) composed of جُمْهُور‎ (jumhūr, “crowd, public”) +‎ ـِيَّة‎ (-iyya), coined as a translation of republic / res publica after the French Revolution 1789, first in Ottoman Turkish جمهوریت‎‎ (cumhuriyet), at the beginning used for the new ideology of republicanism, while جُمْهُور‎ (jumhūr) was used earlier already for states like the Republic of Venice – an invention of Turkish diplomacy: the Classical Arabic translation for Latin rēs pūblica and Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeía) was مَدِينَة‎ (madīna), and the ideological parallel development was represented by the خِلَافَة‎ (ḵilāfa) having an elective head of state subject to the rule of law – and this nisba meaning the form of government only became definite in the middle of the 19th century and broadly known with the rise of Pan-Arabism during World War I. An Arab Jumhuriya was proclaimed in Italian-ruled Tripoli in November 1919; however Azerbaijan came before, in May 1918.

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒum.huː.rij.ja/

جُمْهُورِيَّة • (jumhūriyya) f (plural جُمْهُورِيَّات‎ (jumhūriyyāt))

1. republicanism
2. republic

• جَمَاهِيرِيَّة‎ (jamāhīriyya)

• جمهورية‎ on the Arabic Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^ar
• Lewis, Bernard (1965), “Djumhūriyya”, in Encyclopaedia of Islam. Second Edition, volume 2, Leiden: Brill, pages 594–595

جُمْهُورِيَّة • (jumhūriyya) f (plural جُمْهُورِيَّات‎ (jumhūriyyāt), masculine جُمْهُورِيّ‎ (jumhūriyy))

1. female equivalent of جُمْهُورِيّ‎ (jumhūriyy)

جُمْهُورِيَّة • (jumhūriyya) f

1. feminine singular of جُمْهُورِيّ‎ (jumhūriyy)