خ ش ن

خ ش ن • (ḵ-š-n)

1. related to roughness

• Form I: خَشُنَ‎ (ḵašuna, “to be crude, to be coarse, to be rude, to be uncouth, to be rough, to be hoarse”)
  • Verbal noun: خُشُونَة‎ (ḵušūna)
  • Active participle: خَاشِن‎ (ḵāšin)
• Form II: خَشَّنَ‎ (ḵaššana, “to make crude, to make coarse, to render rough”)
  • Verbal noun: تَخْشِين‎ (taḵšīn)
  • Active participle: مُخَشِّن‎ (muḵaššin)
  • Passive participle: مُخَشَّن‎ (muḵaššan)
• Form III: خَاشَنَ‎ (ḵāšana, “to be rough towards, to conduct oneself coarsely towards”)
  • Verbal noun: مُخَاشَنَة‎ (muḵāšana), خِشَان‎ (ḵišān)
  • Active participle: مُخَاشِن‎ (muḵāšin)
  • Passive participle: مُخَاشَن‎ (muḵāšan)
• Form V: تَخَشَّنَ‎ (taḵaššana, “to show oneself rough”)
  • Verbal noun: تَخَشُّن‎ (taḵaššun)
  • Active participle: مُتَخَشِّن‎ (mutaḵaššin)
  • Passive participle: مُتَخَشَّن‎ (mutaḵaššan)
• Form VI: تَخَاشَنَ‎ (taḵāšana, “to show roughness”)
  • Verbal noun: تَخَاشُن‎ (taḵāšun)
  • Active participle: مُتَخَاشِن‎ (mutaḵāšin)
  • Passive participle: مُتَخَاشَن‎ (mutaḵāšan)
• Form XII: اِخْشَوْشَنَ‎ (iḵšawšana, “to be rough, to harden oneself, to accustome oneself to coarseness”)
  • Verbal noun: اِخْشِيشَان‎ (iḵšīšān)
  • Active participle: مُخْشَوْشِن‎ (muḵšawšin)

• خَشِن‎ (ḵašin)
• خَشَانَة‎ (ḵašāna, “roughness, coarseness”)

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “خ ش ن”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 374
• Freytag, Georg (1830), “خ ش ن”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 490
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860), “خ ش ن”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, pages 578–579
• Lane, Edward William (1863), “خ ش ن”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 744–745
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “خ ش ن”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, pages 325–326
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “خ ش ن”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 278–279
• Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “خ ش ن”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 336–337