سورة

See also: سوره‎ and شوره‎

Arabic

سُورَة

Etymology 1

Ordered at the root س و ر‎ (s-w-r). Not clear from which word borrowed, it might be from Classical Syriac ܫܘܪܐ‎ (“divider”), compare سُور‎ (sūr, “wall”) from the same word, or from Classical Syriac ܣܽܘܪܓܳܕܳܐ‎ (sūrgāḏā, “line; writing”), or from Hebrew סִדְרָה‎ (siḏrā, “technical term for the section marks in the Hebrew scriptures”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /suː.ra/

Noun

سُورَة • (sūra) f (plural سُوَر‎ (suwar))

(Islam) sura, surah
Meronym: آيَة‎ (ʾāya)

Declension

Declension of noun سُورَة (sūra)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُورَة sūra	السُّورَة‎ as-sūra	سُورَة sūrat
Nominative	سُورَةٌ sūratun	السُّورَةُ‎ as-sūratu	سُورَةُ sūratu
Accusative	سُورَةً sūratan	السُّورَةَ‎ as-sūrata	سُورَةَ sūrata
Genitive	سُورَةٍ sūratin	السُّورَةِ‎ as-sūrati	سُورَةِ sūrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُورَتَيْن‎ sūratayn	السُّورَتَيْن‎ as-sūratayn	سُورَتَيْ‎ sūratay
Nominative	سُورَتَانِ‎ sūratāni	السُّورَتَانِ‎ as-sūratāni	سُورَتَا‎ sūratā
Accusative	سُورَتَيْنِ‎ sūratayni	السُّورَتَيْنِ‎ as-sūratayni	سُورَتَيْ‎ sūratay
Genitive	سُورَتَيْنِ‎ sūratayni	السُّورَتَيْنِ‎ as-sūratayni	سُورَتَيْ‎ sūratay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُوَر‎ suwar	السُّوَر‎ as-suwar	سُوَر‎ suwar
Nominative	سُوَرٌ‎ suwarun	السُّوَرُ‎ as-suwaru	سُوَرُ‎ suwaru
Accusative	سُوَرًا‎ suwaran	السُّوَرَ‎ as-suwara	سُوَرَ‎ suwara
Genitive	سُوَرٍ‎ suwarin	السُّوَرِ‎ as-suwari	سُوَرِ‎ suwari

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: surə
→ German: Sure
→ Persian: سوره‎ (sure)
→ Russian: су́ра (súra)
→ Turkish: sure

Etymology 2

Fhe root س و ر‎ (s-w-r).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /saw.ra/

Noun

سَوْرَة • (sawra) f

severity, vehemence, sharpness

Declension

Declension of noun سَوْرَة (sawra)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَوْرَة sawra	السَّوْرَة‎ as-sawra	سَوْرَة sawrat
Nominative	سَوْرَةٌ sawratun	السَّوْرَةُ‎ as-sawratu	سَوْرَةُ sawratu
Accusative	سَوْرَةً sawratan	السَّوْرَةَ‎ as-sawrata	سَوْرَةَ sawrata
Genitive	سَوْرَةٍ sawratin	السَّوْرَةِ‎ as-sawrati	سَوْرَةِ sawrati

References

Ahrens, Karl (1930), “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 84, page 19
Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 238
Freytag, Georg (1833), “سورة”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 374
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 180–182
Lane, Edward William (1863), “سورة”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1465
Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 26
Wehr, Hans (1979), “سورة”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 514

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