مسكين

Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܡܶܤܟܸܐܢܳܐ / ܡܶܤܟܸܢܳܐ / ܡܶܤܟܸܝܢܳܐ‎ (meskēnā, “miserable, wretched”), from Akkadian 𒈦𒆕 (muškēnu, “beggar, needy, indigent; class of people dependent or reliant on others, unable to provide supplies on their own; commoner”). Also passed into Hebrew מִסְכֵּן‎ (miskēn, “miserable”) and via Aramaic מִסְכֵּינָא‎ / ܡܶܤܟܸܝܢܳܐ‎ (meskēnā) into Ge'ez ምስኪን (məskin), Amharic ምስኪን (məskin), Tigrinya መስኪን (mäskin).

Adjective

مِسْكِين • (miskīn) (feminine مِسْكِينَة‎ (miskīna), masculine plural مَسَاكِين‎ (masākīn))

poor, miserable

Declension

Declension of adjective مِسْكِين (miskīn)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مِسْكِين miskīn	الْمِسْكِين‎ al-miskīn	مِسْكِينَة‎ miskīna	الْمِسْكِينَة‎ al-miskīna
Nominative	مِسْكِينٌ miskīnun	الْمِسْكِينُ‎ al-miskīnu	مِسْكِينَةٌ‎ miskīnatun	الْمِسْكِينَةُ‎ al-miskīnatu
Accusative	مِسْكِينًا‎ miskīnan	الْمِسْكِينَ‎ al-miskīna	مِسْكِينَةً‎ miskīnatan	الْمِسْكِينَةَ‎ al-miskīnata
Genitive	مِسْكِينٍ miskīnin	الْمِسْكِينِ‎ al-miskīni	مِسْكِينَةٍ‎ miskīnatin	الْمِسْكِينَةِ‎ al-miskīnati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مِسْكِينَيْن‎ miskīnayn	الْمِسْكِينَيْن‎ al-miskīnayn	مِسْكِينَتَيْن‎ miskīnatayn	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْن‎ al-miskīnatayn
Nominative	مِسْكِينَانِ‎ miskīnāni	الْمِسْكِينَانِ‎ al-miskīnāni	مِسْكِينَتَانِ‎ miskīnatāni	الْمِسْكِينَتَانِ‎ al-miskīnatāni
Accusative	مِسْكِينَيْنِ‎ miskīnayni	الْمِسْكِينَيْنِ‎ al-miskīnayni	مِسْكِينَتَيْنِ‎ miskīnatayni	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْنِ‎ al-miskīnatayni
Genitive	مِسْكِينَيْنِ‎ miskīnayni	الْمِسْكِينَيْنِ‎ al-miskīnayni	مِسْكِينَتَيْنِ‎ miskīnatayni	الْمِسْكِينَتَيْنِ‎ al-miskīnatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	basic broken plural diptote		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مَسَاكِين‎ masākīn	الْمَسَاكِين‎ al-masākīn	مِسْكِينَات‎ miskīnāt	الْمِسْكِينَات‎ al-miskīnāt
Nominative	مَسَاكِينُ‎ masākīnu	الْمَسَاكِينُ‎ al-masākīnu	مِسْكِينَاتٌ‎ miskīnātun	الْمِسْكِينَاتُ‎ al-miskīnātu
Accusative	مَسَاكِينَ‎ masākīna	الْمَسَاكِينَ‎ al-masākīna	مِسْكِينَاتٍ‎ miskīnātin	الْمِسْكِينَاتِ‎ al-miskīnāti
Genitive	مَسَاكِينَ‎ masākīna	الْمَسَاكِينِ‎ al-masākīni	مِسْكِينَاتٍ‎ miskīnātin	الْمِسْكِينَاتِ‎ al-miskīnāti

Descendants

→ Catalan: mesquí
→ Old French: meschin
- French: mesquin
→ Italian: meschino
→ Malay: miskin
- → Indonesian: miskin
Maltese: miskin
→ Old Occitan: mesquin

→ Persian: مسکین‎ (meskin)
→ Portuguese: mesquinho
→ Romanian: meschin
→ Sindhi: mischino
→ Sicilian: mischinu
→ Spanish: mezquino
→ Swahili: maskini
→ Turkish: miskin

References

“mskn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Fraenkel, Siegmund (1880) De vocabulis in antiquis Arabum carminibus et in Corano peregrinis‎ (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 24
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 264–265
Klein, Ernest (1987) A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English‎, Jerusalem: Carta, →ISBN
Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 364
Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 45

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