چغندر

Persian

Alternative forms
  • چقندر‎ (čuqundur, čuqandar)
  • چکندر‎ (čukundur)
  • چگندر‎ (čugundar)
  • چندر‎ (čundur)

Etymology

Bailey derives from Proto-Iranian *čak- (“be pointed, horned”) (compare Khotanese [script needed] (cakurīka-, “wood sorrel”), Persian چکش‎ (čakoš, “hammer”)), from Proto-Indo-European *kek-, *kenk-, *keg-, *keng- (“be pointed; hook, peg”), on which see Pokorny.[1][2]

An improbable origin from Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł) has also been suggested.

Cognate with Northern Kurdish çewender, Central Kurdish چەوەندەر‎ (çewender), Gurani چۆنڎەری‎ (čōnḓarī), Talysh чәғынде (“beet”), Northern Kurdish çarkindêle (“beet; carrot”) and the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian ճակնդեղ (čakndeł, “beet”), Old Georgian ჭაკუნტელი (č̣aḳunṭeli), Chinese 莙薘 (jūndá, “chard”).

Noun

چغندر • (čoğondar)

  1. beet

Descendants
  • → Pashto: چغندر‎ (čuğundar)
  • → Azerbaijani: çuğundur
  • → Ottoman Turkish: [script needed] (čükündür), [script needed] (çügündür), [script needed] (üčkündür)
    • Turkish: çükündür, cökündür
    • → Bulgarian: чукундур (čukundur)
    • → Middle Armenian: չքնտուր (čʿkʿntur)
    • → Serbo-Croatian: чукундрук
  • → Bashkir: сөгөлдөр (sögöldör)
  • → Turkmen: şugundyr
  • → Tatar: чөгендер (çögender)
  • → Karachay-Balkar: чюгюндюр
  • → Hindi: चुक़न्दर (cuqandar), चुकंदर (cukandar)
  • → Urdu: چقندر‎ (cuqandar)
  • → Lezgi: чугъундур (čuġundur)

References
  1. Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 97
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 537–538

Further reading
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977), “ճակն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume III, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 176–177
  • Cabolov, R. L. (2001) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 225, 230
  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20) (in German), volume III, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 75, 76
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 186
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “چغندر”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.