झरना
Hindi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d͡ʒʱəɾ.nɑː/
Etymology 1
From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀛𑀭𑀡 (jharaṇa), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *jʰararna (attested in झरणोदक (jharaṇodaka, “cascading water”)).[1]
Noun
झरना • (jharnā) m
Declension
Declension of झरना | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Direct | झरना (jharnā) | झरने (jharne) |
Oblique | झरने (jharne) | झरनों (jharnõ) |
Vocative | झरने (jharne) | झरनो (jharno) |
Etymology 2
From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀛𑀭𑀤𑀺 (jharadi), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gẓʰárati.
Conjugation
Impersonal forms of झरना (jharnā) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stem | झर jhar | ||||
Conjunctive | झरकर, झरके jharkar, jharke | ||||
m | m obl, pl | f | f obl, pl | ||
Infinitive | झरना jharnā |
झरने jharne |
झरनी jharnī |
झरनीं jharnī̃ | |
Adjectival | imperf | झरता jhartā |
झरते jharte |
झरती jhartī |
झरतीं jhartī̃ |
perf | झरा jharā |
झरे jhare |
झरी jharī |
झरीं jharī̃ | |
Agentive | झरनेवाला jharnevālā |
झरनेवाले jharnevāle |
झरनेवाली jharnevālī |
झरनेवालीं jharnevālī̃ |
Conjugation of झरना (jharnā) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | Singular | Plural | |||||
1st person मैं |
2nd person तू |
3rd person यह/वह |
1st person हम |
2nd person तुम |
3rd person ये/वे/आप | ||
Perfective | |||||||
Simple | m | झरा jharā |
झरा jharā |
झरा jharā |
झरे jhare |
झरे jhare |
झरे jhare |
f | झरी jharī |
झरी jharī |
झरी jharī |
झरीं jharī̃ |
झरीं jharī̃ |
झरीं jharī̃ | |
Present | m | झरा हूँ jharā hū̃ |
झरा है jharā hai |
झरा है jharā hai |
झरे हैं jhare ha͠i |
झरे हो jhare ho |
झरे हैं jhare ha͠i |
f | झरी हूँ jharī hū̃ |
झरी है jharī hai |
झरी है jharī hai |
झरीं हैं jharī̃ ha͠i |
झरीं हो jharī̃ ho |
झरीं हैं jharī̃ ha͠i | |
Past | m | झरा था jharā thā |
झरा था jharā thā |
झरा था jharā thā |
झरे थे jhare the |
झरे थे jhare the |
झरे थे jhare the |
f | झरी थी jharī thī |
झरी थी jharī thī |
झरी थी jharī thī |
झरीं थीं jharī̃ thī̃ |
झरीं थीं jharī̃ thī̃ |
झरीं थीं jharī̃ thī̃ | |
Presumptive | m | झरा हूँगा jharā hū̃gā |
झरा होगा jharā hogā |
झरा होगा jharā hogā |
झरे होंगे jhare hoṅge |
झरे होगे jhare hoge |
झरे होंगे jhare hoṅge |
f | झरी हूँगी jharī hū̃gī |
झरी होगी jharī hogī |
झरी होगी jharī hogī |
झरीं होंगे jharī̃ hoṅge |
झरीं होगे jharī̃ hoge |
झरीं होंगे jharī̃ hoṅge | |
Subjunctive | m | झरा हूँ jharā hū̃ |
झरा हो jharā ho |
झरा हो jharā ho |
झरे हों jhare hõ |
झरे हो jhare ho |
झरे हों jhare hõ |
f | झरी हूँ jharī hū̃ |
झरी हो jharī ho |
झरी हो jharī ho |
झरीं हों jharī̃ hõ |
झरीं हो jharī̃ ho |
झरीं हों jharī̃ hõ | |
Imperfective | |||||||
Present | m | झरता jhartā |
झरता jhartā |
झरता jhartā |
झरते jharte |
झरते jharte |
झरते jharte |
f | झरती jhartī |
झरती jhartī |
झरती jhartī |
झरतीं jhartī̃ |
झरतीं jhartī̃ |
झरतीं jhartī̃ | |
Present | m | झरता हूँ jhartā hū̃ |
झरता है jhartā hai |
झरता है jhartā hai |
झरते हैं jharte ha͠i |
झरते हो jharte ho |
झरते हैं jharte ha͠i |
f | झरती हूँ jhartī hū̃ |
झरती है jhartī hai |
झरती है jhartī hai |
झरतीं हैं jhartī̃ ha͠i |
झरतीं हो jhartī̃ ho |
झरतीं हैं jhartī̃ ha͠i | |
Past | m | झरता था jhartā thā |
झरता था jhartā thā |
झरता था jhartā thā |
झरते थे jharte the |
झरते थे jharte the |
झरते थे jharte the |
f | झरती थी jhartī thī |
झरती थी jhartī thī |
झरती थी jhartī thī |
झरतीं थीं jhartī̃ thī̃ |
झरतीं थीं jhartī̃ thī̃ |
झरतीं थीं jhartī̃ thī̃ | |
Presumptive | m | झरता हूँगा jhartā hū̃gā |
झरता होगा jhartā hogā |
झरता होगा jhartā hogā |
झरते होंगे jharte hoṅge |
झरते होगे jharte hoge |
झरते होंगे jharte hoṅge |
f | झरती हूँगी jhartī hū̃gī |
झरती होगी jhartī hogī |
झरती होगी jhartī hogī |
झरतीं होंगीं jhartī̃ hoṅgī̃ |
झरतीं होगीं jhartī̃ hogī̃ |
झरतीं होंगीं jhartī̃ hoṅgī̃ | |
Subjunctive | m | झरता हूँ jhartā hū̃ |
झरता हो jhartā ho |
झरता हो jhartā ho |
झरते हों jharte hõ |
झरते हो jharte ho |
झरते हों jharte hõ |
f | झरती हूँ jhartī hū̃ |
झरती हो jhartī ho |
झरती हो jhartī ho |
झरतीं हों jhartī̃ hõ |
झरतीं हो jhartī̃ ho |
झरतीं हों jhartī̃ hõ | |
Continuous | |||||||
Present | m | झर रहा हूँ jhar rahā hū̃ |
झर रहा है jhar rahā hai |
झर रहा है jhar rahā hai |
झर रहे हैं jhar rahe ha͠i |
झर रहे हो jhar rahe ho |
झर रहे हैं jhar rahe ha͠i |
f | झर रही हूँ jhar rahī hū̃ |
झर रही है jhar rahī hai |
झर रही है jhar rahī hai |
झर रहीं हैं jhar rahī̃ ha͠i |
झर रहीं हो jhar rahī̃ ho |
झर रहीं हैं jhar rahī̃ ha͠i | |
Past | m | झर रहा था jhar rahā thā |
झर रहा था jhar rahā thā |
झर रहा था jhar rahā thā |
झर रहे थे jhar rahe the |
झर रहे थे jhar rahe the |
झर रहे थे jhar rahe the |
f | झर रही थी jhar rahī thī |
झर रही थी jhar rahī thī |
झर रही थी jhar rahī thī |
झर रहीं थीं jhar rahī̃ thī̃ |
झर रहीं थीं jhar rahī̃ thī̃ |
झर रहीं थीं jhar rahī̃ thī̃ | |
Presumptive | m | झर रहा हूँगा jhar rahā hū̃gā |
झर रहा होगा jhar rahā hogā |
झर रहा होगा jhar rahā hogā |
झर रहे होंगे jhar rahe hoṅge |
झर रहे होगे jhar rahe hoge |
झर रहे होंगे jhar rahe hoṅge |
f | झर रही हूँगा jhar rahī hū̃gā |
झर रही होगा jhar rahī hogā |
झर रही होगा jhar rahī hogā |
झर रहीं होंगे jhar rahī̃ hoṅge |
झर रहीं होगे jhar rahī̃ hoge |
झर रहीं होंगे jhar rahī̃ hoṅge | |
Subjunctive | m | झर रहा हूँ jhar rahā hū̃ |
झर रहा हो jhar rahā ho |
झर रहा हो jhar rahā ho |
झर रहे हों jhar rahe hõ |
झर रहे हो jhar rahe ho |
झर रहे हों jhar rahe hõ |
f | झर रही हूँ jhar rahī hū̃ |
झर रही हो jhar rahī ho |
झर रही हो jhar rahī ho |
झर रहीं हों jhar rahī̃ hõ |
झर रहीं हो jhar rahī̃ ho |
झर रहीं हों jhar rahī̃ hõ | |
Non-aspectual | |||||||
Subjunctive | झरूँ jharū̃ |
झरे jhare |
झरे jhare |
झरें jharẽ |
झरो jharo |
झरें jharẽ | |
Future | m | झरूँगा jharū̃gā |
झरेगा jharegā |
झरेगा jharegā |
झरेंगे jhareṅge |
झरोगे jharoge |
झरेंगे jhareṅge |
f | झरूँगी jharū̃gī |
झरेगी jharegī |
झरेगी jharegī |
झरेंगी jhareṅgī |
झरोगी jharogī |
झरेंगी jhareṅgī | |
Imperative | झर jhar |
झरो jharo |
झरिये / झरिए झरियेगा / झरिएगा jhariye / jharie jhariyegā / jhariegā |
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “jharaṇa (5344)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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