धर्म
Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit धर्म (dhárma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰármas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold, to support”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /d̪ʱəɾm/
- Rhymes: -əɾm
Noun
धर्म • (dharma) m (Urdu spelling دھرم)
- religion, faith
- हम किसी धर्म का तिरस्कार नहीं करना चाहते।
- ham kisī dharma kā tiraskār nahī̃ karnā cāhte.
- We do not want to disregard any religion.
- धर्म हमारे समाज की रीढ़ है।
- dharma hamāre samāj kī rīṛh hai.
- Religion is the backbone of our society.
- Synonym: मज़हब (mazhab)
- virtue, righteousness; morality
- हमारा नेता एक धर्म-स्तम्भ है।
- hamārā netā ek dharma-stambh hai.
- Our leader is a pillar of righteousness.
- duty
- तुम्हारी मृत्यु से पहले, अपना अन्तिम धर्म निभाना पड़ता।
- tumhārī mŕtyu se pahle, apnā antim dharma nibhānā paṛtā.
- Before your death, you must fulfill your duty.
- Synonyms: कर्तव्य (kartavya), फर्ज़ (pharz)
Declension
Declension of धर्म | ||
---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |
Direct | धर्म (dharma) | धर्म (dharma) |
Oblique | धर्म (dharma) | धर्मों (dharmõ) |
Vocative | धर्म (dharma) | धर्मो (dharmo) |
Derived terms
- अधर्म (adharma, “unrighteousness; irreligion”)
- धर्मकार्य (dharmakārya, “religious rite or function”)
- धर्मग्रंथ (dharmagranth, “religious scripture”)
- धर्मतन्त्र (dharmatantra, “theocracy”)
- धर्ममार्ग (dharmamārg, “the path of virtue”)
- धर्मव्रती (dharmavratī, “duty-bound”)
- धार्मिक (dhārmik, “religious”)
- विधर्म (vidharma, “heresy”)
Old Gujarati
Sanskrit
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰármas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰármas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰér-mos, from *dʰer- (“to hold, support”). Cognate with Latin firmus (“stable, strong”).
Noun
धर्म • (dhárma) m
- morality, virtue, moral code, good deed, good works
- that which is established or firm, steadfast decree, statute, ordinance, law
- usage, practice, customary observance or prescribed conduct, duty
- right, justice (often as a synonym of punishment)
- religion, religious merit
- Law or Justice personified
- the law or doctrine of Buddhism
- the ethical precepts of Buddhism
- the law of Northern Buddhism
- nature, character, peculiar condition or essential quality, property, mark, peculiarity
- a particular ceremony
- sacrifice
- the ninth mansion
- Upanishad
- associating with the virtuous
- religious abstraction, devotion
- bow
- Soma-drinker
- name of the 15th अर्हत् (arhat) of the present अवसर्पिणी (ava-sarpiṇī)
Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of धर्म (dhárma) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | धर्मः dhármaḥ |
धर्मौ dhármau |
धर्माः / धर्मासः¹ dhármāḥ / dhármāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | धर्म dhárma |
धर्मौ dhármau |
धर्माः / धर्मासः¹ dhármāḥ / dhármāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | धर्मम् dhármam |
धर्मौ dhármau |
धर्मान् dhármān |
Instrumental | धर्मेण dhármeṇa |
धर्माभ्याम् dhármābhyām |
धर्मैः / धर्मेभिः¹ dhármaiḥ / dhármebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | धर्माय dhármāya |
धर्माभ्याम् dhármābhyām |
धर्मेभ्यः dhármebhyaḥ |
Ablative | धर्मात् dhármāt |
धर्माभ्याम् dhármābhyām |
धर्मेभ्यः dhármebhyaḥ |
Genitive | धर्मस्य dhármasya |
धर्मयोः dhármayoḥ |
धर्माणाम् dhármāṇām |
Locative | धर्मे dhárme |
धर्मयोः dhármayoḥ |
धर्मेषु dhármeṣu |
Notes |
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Descendants
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “धर्म”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0510.
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