वैडूर्य
Sanskrit
Etymology
Traditionally explained (Pāṇini, Aṣṭādhyāyī, 4.3.84) as mineral being named after the city of Vidūra (from विदूरात्यः (Vidūrāt syaḥ)). The Sanskrit word is a derivation of Pali veḷuriya (“beryl”), itself borrowed from Dravidian, an adjectival form of veḷur (“white town”) - compare Telugu వెలి (veli, “white”) and ఊరు (ūru, “town”). Vēḷur (modern-day Bēlūr) was the beryl mining capital city known as Vidūra to Pāṇini. The original meaning of the South Indian word was "white crystals of quartz and beryl" (preserved in Arabic and Persian borrowing), and later "colored (blue and green) beryl", as retained in Pali and Sanskrit.
Noun
वैडूर्य • (vaiḍūrya) n or m
- cat's eye (AdbhB., MBh., Kāv. etc.)
- (at the end of a compound) a jewel; anything excellent of its kind
- name of a particular mountain (also वैडूर्यपर्वत (vaiḍūryaparvata)|tr=vaiḍūrya-parvata) (MBh., VarBṛS. etc.)
- (Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit) lapis lazuli
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of वैडूर्य | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | वैडूर्यम् (vaiḍūryam) | ||
| Gen. sg. | वैडूर्यस्य (vaiḍūryasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | वैडूर्यम् (vaiḍūryam) | वैडूर्ये (vaiḍūrye) | वैडूर्यानि (vaiḍūryāni) |
| Vocative | वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya) | वैडूर्ये (vaiḍūrye) | वैडूर्यानि (vaiḍūryāni) |
| Accusative | वैडूर्यम् (vaiḍūryam) | वैडूर्ये (vaiḍūrye) | वैडूर्यानि (vaiḍūryāni) |
| Instrumental | वैडूर्येन (vaiḍūryena) | वैडूर्याभ्याम् (vaiḍūryābhyām) | वैडूर्यैः (vaiḍūryaiḥ) |
| Dative | वैडूर्याय (vaiḍūryāya) | वैडूर्याभ्याम् (vaiḍūryābhyām) | वैडूर्येभ्यः (vaiḍūryebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | वैडूर्यात् (vaiḍūryāt) | वैडूर्याभ्याम् (vaiḍūryābhyām) | वैडूर्येभ्यः (vaiḍūryebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | वैडूर्यस्य (vaiḍūryasya) | वैडूर्ययोः (vaiḍūryayoḥ) | वैडूर्यानाम् (vaiḍūryānām) |
| Locative | वैडूर्ये (vaiḍūrye) | वैडूर्ययोः (vaiḍūryayoḥ) | वैडूर्येषु (vaiḍūryeṣu) |
| Masculine a-stem declension of वैडूर्य | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. sg. | वैडूर्यः (vaiḍūryaḥ) | ||
| Gen. sg. | वैडूर्यस्य (vaiḍūryasya) | ||
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | वैडूर्यः (vaiḍūryaḥ) | वैडूर्यौ (vaiḍūryau) | वैडूर्याः (vaiḍūryāḥ) |
| Vocative | वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya) | वैडूर्यौ (vaiḍūryau) | वैडूर्याः (vaiḍūryāḥ) |
| Accusative | वैडूर्यम् (vaiḍūryam) | वैडूर्यौ (vaiḍūryau) | वैडूर्यान् (vaiḍūryān) |
| Instrumental | वैडूर्येन (vaiḍūryena) | वैडूर्याभ्याम् (vaiḍūryābhyām) | वैडूर्यैः (vaiḍūryaiḥ) |
| Dative | वैडूर्याय (vaiḍūryāya) | वैडूर्याभ्याम् (vaiḍūryābhyām) | वैडूर्येभ्यः (vaiḍūryebhyaḥ) |
| Ablative | वैडूर्यात् (vaiḍūryāt) | वैडूर्याभ्याम् (vaiḍūryābhyām) | वैडूर्येभ्यः (vaiḍūryebhyaḥ) |
| Genitive | वैडूर्यस्य (vaiḍūryasya) | वैडूर्ययोः (vaiḍūryayoḥ) | वैडूर्यानाम् (vaiḍūryānām) |
| Locative | वैडूर्ये (vaiḍūrye) | वैडूर्ययोः (vaiḍūryayoḥ) | वैडूर्येषु (vaiḍūryeṣu) |
Descendants
References
- Monier Williams (1899), “वैडूर्य”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 1021.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 588
- Marianne Winder, Vaidurya, in Studies on Indian Medical History, Motilal Banarsidass Publ., 2001
- Arun Kumar Biswas, Vaidūrya, Marakata and other beryl family gem minerals: etymology and traditions in ancient India, 1993, in Indian Journal of History of Science, 29(2)
- Pāṇini, Aṣṭādhyāyī, 4.3.84
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