शर्करा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʃəɾ.kə.ɾɑː/

Noun

शर्करा • (śarkarā) f (Urdu spelling شرکرا‎)

  1. (formal) sugar (granulated or candied)
    Synonyms: चीनी (cīnī), शक्कर (śakkar)
  2. (chemistry) glucose, saccharose

References

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ĉárkaraH, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“gravel, boulder”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρόκη (krókē, “pebbles”).

Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
  • ᬰᬃᬓᬭᬵ (Balinese script)
  • শৰ্কৰা (Assamese script)
  • শর্করা (Bengali script)
  • 𑰫𑰨𑰿𑰎𑰨𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀰𑀭𑁆𑀓𑀭𑀸 (Brahmi script)
  • 𑌶𑌰𑍍𑌕𑌰𑌾 (Grantha script)
  • શર્કરા (Gujarati script)
  • ꦯꦂꦏꦫꦴ (Javanese script)
  • ಶರ್ಕರಾ (Kannada script)
  • ၐရ္ကရာ (Burmese script)
  • ଶର୍କରା (Oriya script)
  • ꢯꢬ꣄ꢒꢬꢵ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆯𑆫𑇀𑆑𑆫𑆳 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖫𑖨𑖿𑖎𑖨𑖯 (Siddham script)
  • శర్కరా (Telugu script)
  • ཤརྐརཱ (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒬𑒩𑓂𑒏𑒩𑒰 (Tirhuta script)

Noun

शर्करा • (śárkarā) f

  1. gravel, grit, pebbles, shingle, gravelly mould or soil (mostly plural)
  2. gravel (as a disease)
  3. hardening of the flesh
  4. hardening of the ear-wax
  5. ground or candied sugar
  6. a fragment or piece of broken earthenware, potsherd
  7. cotton sugar, sugarmaple

Declension
Feminine ā-stem declension of शर्करा (śárkarā)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative शर्करा
śárkarā		 शर्करे
śárkare		 शर्कराः
śárkarāḥ
Vocative शर्करे
śárkare		 शर्करे
śárkare		 शर्कराः
śárkarāḥ
Accusative शर्कराम्
śárkarām		 शर्करे
śárkare		 शर्कराः
śárkarāḥ
Instrumental शर्करया / शर्करा¹
śárkarayā / śárkarā¹		 शर्कराभ्याम्
śárkarābhyām		 शर्कराभिः
śárkarābhiḥ
Dative शर्करायै
śárkarāyai		 शर्कराभ्याम्
śárkarābhyām		 शर्कराभ्यः
śárkarābhyaḥ
Ablative शर्करायाः
śárkarāyāḥ		 शर्कराभ्याम्
śárkarābhyām		 शर्कराभ्यः
śárkarābhyaḥ
Genitive शर्करायाः
śárkarāyāḥ		 शर्करयोः
śárkarayoḥ		 शर्कराणाम्
śárkarāṇām
Locative शर्करायाम्
śárkarāyām		 शर्करयोः
śárkarayoḥ		 शर्करासु
śárkarāsu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Borrowed terms
terms borrowed from शर्करा (śarkarā)
  • → Hindi: शर्करा (śarkarā)
  • → Kannada: ಸಕ್ಕರೆ (sakkare), ಶರ್ಕರೆ (śarkare)
  • → Malayalam: ചക്കരാ (cakkarā)
    • → Indo-Portuguese: jágara, xagara, jagra
      • English: jaggery
        • → French: jagré
        • → Japanese: ジャガリー (jagarī), ジャッガリー (jaggarī)
        • → Scottish Gaelic: seagaraidh
        • → Serbo-Croatian: јаггери
  • → Old Javanese: sarkara
    • Javanese: ꦱꦂꦏꦫ (sarkara)
  • → Tamil: சர்க்கரை (carkkarai)
  • → Telugu: చక్కెర (cakkera)

Descendants
  • Helu: [Term?]
    • Dhivehi: ހަކުރު‎ (hakuru)
    • Sinhalese: හකුරු (hakuru), සකුරු (sakuru)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀭𑀸 (sakkarā)
    • Konkani: साक्कर (sākkar)
    • Old Marathi: साकर (sākara)
  • Pali: sakkharā (see there for further descendants)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: [Term?]
    • Gujarati: સાકર (sākar)
    • Hindi: सकर (sakar), सक्कर (sakkar)
    • Nepali: सखर (sakhara)
  • Gandhari: śakara
    • → Middle Persian:
      Manichaean: [Manichaean needed] (šqr /šakar/)
      Book Pahlavi: škl‎ (škl /šakar/) (see there for further descendants)
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