ხე
Georgian
Etymology
From Old Georgian ხე (xe); see below for more.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xɛ/
Audio (file)
Inflection
Declension of ხე (see Georgian declension)
| singular | plural | archaic plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ხე (xe) | ხეები (xeebi) | ხენი (xeni) |
| ergative | ხემ (xem) | ხეებმა (xeebma) | ხეთ(ა) (xet(a)) |
| dative | ხეს(ა) (xes(a)) | ხეებს(ა) (xeebs(a)) | ხეთ(ა) (xet(a)) |
| genitive | ხის(ა) (xis(a)) | ხეების(ა) (xeebis(a)) | ხეთ(ა) (xet(a)) |
| instrumental | ხით(ა) (xit(a)) | ხეებით(ა) (xeebit(a)) | |
| adverbial | ხედ(ა) (xed(a)) | ხეებად(ა) (xeebad(a)) | |
| vocative | ხევ (xev) | ხეებო (xeebo) | ხენო (xeno) |
| Notes: archaic plurals might not exist. | |||
Postpositional inflection of ხე (see Georgian postpositions)
| postpositions taking a dative case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| -ზე (on - ) | ხეზე (xeze) | ხეებზე (xeebze) |
| -თან (near - ) | ხესთან (xestan) | ხეებთან (xeebtan) |
| -ში (in - ) | ხეში (xeši) | ხეებში (xeebši) |
| -ვით (like a - ) | ხესავით (xesavit) | ხეებივით (xeebivit) |
| postpositions taking a genitive case | singular | plural |
| -თვის (for - ) | ხისთვის (xistvis) | ხეებისთვის (xeebistvis) |
| -ებრ (like a - ) | ხისებრ (xisebr) | ხეებისებრ (xeebisebr) |
| -კენ (towards - ) | ხისკენ (xisḳen) | ხეებისკენ (xeebisḳen) |
| -გან (from/of - ) | ხისგან (xisgan) | ხეებისგან (xeebisgan) |
| postpositions taking an instrumental case | singular | plural |
| -დან (from / since - ) | ხიდან (xidan) | ხეებიდან (xeebidan) |
| -ურთ (together with - ) | ხითურთ (xiturt) | ხეებითურთ (xeebiturt) |
| postpositions taking an adverbial case | singular | plural |
| -მდე (up to - ) | ხემდე (xemde) | ხეებამდე (xeebamde) |
Laz
Etymology
From Proto-Kartvelian *qel-. Cognate with Georgian ხელი (xeli).
References
- Adjarian, H. (1898), “Étude sur la langue laze”, in Mémoires de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume X, page 396
Mingrelian
Etymology
From Proto-Kartvelian *qel-. Cognate with Georgian ხელი (xeli).
Old Georgian
Etymology
According to Klimov / Xalilov, a Nakh borrowing, ultimately from Proto-Nakh *χēn; see there for more. The word replaced native ძელი (ʒeli) in Old Georgian.
Descendants
- Georgian: ხე (xe)
References
- abulaʒe, ilia (1973), “ხე”, in ʒveli kartuli enis leksiḳoni (masalebi) [Dictionary of Old Georgian (Materials)] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Metsniereba, page 561
- Klimov, G. A.; Xalilov, M. Š. (2003) Slovarʹ kavkazskix jazykov. Sopostavlenije osnovnoj leksiki [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, pages 212–213
- orbeliani, sulxan-saba (1685–1716), iordanišvili s., editor, siṭq̇vis ḳona kartuli, romel ars leksiḳoni [The Wisp of Georgian Words That Beeth a Dictionary], Tbilisi: Georgian SSR print, published 1949, page 466
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